The invention belongs to the technical field of power devices, and provides a device preparation method based on a self-alignment patterning process and a
chip, the growth morphology of a self-alignment material is controlled through different selection ratios, the injection range of P-type doped ions is adjusted through an
etching mode, a P-type shielding region is formed at the bottom of a groove of an N-type drift region, and the P-type shielding region is formed at the bottom of the groove of the N-type drift region. The growth morphology of a
hard mask is controlled through the selection ratio of different self-alignment materials, a corner
dielectric layer is arranged in a groove corner region of an N-type drift region, and a plurality of P-type floating ring regions of which the widths are gradually reduced from a current expansion layer to a drain
electrode layer are arranged in a
central region of the N-type drift region. The widths of the plurality of P-type floating ring regions are gradually reduced from the P-type shielding region to the drain
electrode layer, so that the distribution range of a high
electric field in the drift region can be expanded, the area of a
space charge region is increased, the
saturation current of the device is effectively reduced, the endurance capability of the device under a short-circuit test is improved, and the reliability of the device is improved.