The present invention relates to methods of producing haploid, polyhaploid and / or dihaploid embryos, calluses, seeds and / or plants of
Helianthus annus from isolated
microspore cultures, and more particularly to methods comprising contacting isolated microspores with a
histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) and a
complex protein composition. The invention further provides a kit for producing haploid, polyhaploid and / or dihaploid embryos, calluses, seeds and / or plants of a
sunflower (
Helianthus annus) from at least one isolated
microspore, and a method for producing the haploid, polyhaploid and / or dihaploid embryos, calluses, seeds and / or plants of the
sunflower (
Helianthus annus) from the at least one isolated
microspore, and the use of a
histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) and
complex protein composition for the production of haploid, polyhaploid and / or dihaploid embryos, calluses, seeds and / or plants of Helianthus annus. Finally, the invention also relates to a
population of haploid, polyhaploid and / or dihaploid
sunflower plants derived directly from at least one sunflower top or lateral head
inflorescence.