The invention discloses a high-modulus and high-temperature-resistant bismaleimide resin composition. The bismaleimide resin composition is prepared from bismaleimide monomer, cyanide resin, aminostyrene, allyl compound, an oxime promoter and an imidazole promoter. A synergistic promotive special effect can be realized by adopting the oxime and imidazole dual-promoter system, the curing temperature is reduced to 200 DEG C, the glass transition temperature of the glass fiber composite material can achieve 370 DEG C without performing post-curing processing, and the use advantage of high-temperature using the aspects of composite material, the adhesive, the paint and the like by the bismaleimide at low-temperature curing is enlarged. Furthermore, the tensile modulus of a casting body thereofcan achieve 5.3GPa, the compression strength of the composite material is improved, and the new material is provided for torpedo, submarine oil pipeline and like applications needing the high modulusresin.