The invention provides a nano-gold colorimetric method based on the principle of anti-agglomeration and a method for measuring the content of silver ions in water samples. The method comprises the following steps: take 200 μL of the nano-gold solution prepared by sodium citrate reduction, add 200 μL of a certain concentration of methimazole solution, then add 400 μL of BR buffer solution, shake well and incubate for 5 minutes, perform ultraviolet-visible spectrum scanning, and measure the concentration of the solution at 520 The absorbance at nm and 660 nm, the ratio of the absorbance of the solution A 520 / A 660 as A 0 ; Then take 200 μL of methimazole at a certain concentration and 200 μL of silver ion solution at a certain concentration, add 200 μL of BR buffer solution, shake well and incubate for 10 minutes, then add 200 μL nano-gold solution, shake well and incubate for 5 minutes, and perform UV-visible spectrum scanning. Measure the absorbance of the solution at 520 nm and 660 nm, and the absorbance ratio of the solution A 520 / A 660 as A 1 , after adding silver ions, the change of absorbance ratio has a linear relationship with the concentration of silver ions, so the content of silver ions in water samples can be quickly, sensitively and accurately determined. The invention has good selectivity, high sensitivity and wide detection range, only needs ultraviolet spectrophotometer measurement, does not need large-scale instruments, has low operation requirements, and has wide application prospects.