The invention relates to an environmentally-friendly ultralight flame-retardant rubber sole material and a manufacturing method thereof, and particularly relates to a manufacturing method of footwear product soles with high requirements on light weight and flame retardant property. The environmentally-friendly ultralight flame-retardant rubber sole material comprises chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubbers, a reinforcing agent, an active agent, a plasticizer, a foaming agent, a synergistic foaming agent, a flame retardant, a synergistic flame retardant, a vulcanizing agent and a vulcanization accelerator. According to the invention, through the screening and optimization of a series of formulas of the reinforcing agent, the plasticizer, the vulcanizing agent, the foaming agent, the synergistic foaming agent and the synergistic flame retardant, an ultralight flame-retardant sole material with a relative density of 0.3-0.5 g/cm3 is prepared, wherein in a flame retardant property test, the limit oxygen index of the sole material is greater than or equal to 34.5%, and the UL-94 reaches level V-a. The material has the following advantages: soles are lighter in weight and excellent in flame retardant property, and abandoned soles do not release toxic nitrosamine, polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PBDD) and polybrominated diphenyl furans (PBDF) in the process of burning.