The invention provides an automobile ECU recovery system and a recovery method. The system comprises a power supply module, a PC host, a communication protocol module, an OBD plug and an automobile ECU. The PC host is in communication connection with the communication protocol module through a PC port module, the communication protocol module is in communication connection with the automobile ECU through the OBD plug, and the power supply module is electrically connected with the communication protocol module and used for supplying power for the communication protocol module. According to the automobile ECU recovery system and the recovery method, due to the fact that ECU control parameters are written in an ECU memorizer in a file format, automobile configuration is flexible, and customization is convenient. The ECU recovery system is light and simple, and can well meet requirements of engine plants, vehicle finishing plants, 4S stores and the like. Meanwhile, through recovery of the ECU, automobile power can be improved, and oil consumption can be reduced, so that acceleration, starting, power connection and the like of an automobile are remarkably improved.