The invention discloses a novel ball bearing groove curvature coefficient designing method. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, according to the working environment, a three-dimensional model is established by UG NX three-dimensional software; secondly, a working condition is loaded, the kinetic simulated analysis is carried out, and the rolling ball bearing load is measured; thirdly, a three-dimensional simulation model is established by the UG NX three-dimensional software, one quarter of the three-dimensional simulation model is taken to be as a finite element simulation model; fourthly, grids are divided; fifthly, a boundary loading mode and a constraint condition are carried out; sixthly, contact setting is carried out; seventhly, a solution scheme is set; eighthly, a simulation result is analyzed, the consensus of the strain of an inner ring and an outer ring of a ball bearing is guaranteed, and meanwhile structural optimizing is carried out. According to the technical scheme, the consensus of the deformation of the inner ring and the outer ring of the ball bearing is effectively guaranteed, the condition that the structural parameter is deviated from the ideal position is maximally lowered, the reliability of the performance and service life is guaranteed, and meanwhile the same service life design of bearing components is achieved.