The invention discloses a novel natural gas diffusion coefficient measurement experiment device which mainly comprises a novel rock core holder, a differential pressure sensor, a pressure gauge, a multi-way valve, a confining pressure pump, a vacuum pump, a hydrocarbon gas source, a nitrogen gas source, a gas chromatograph, an intermediate container, a sample cavity, a pressure stabilizing deviceand a pressure sensing alarm device. The rubber sleeve of the novel rock core holder can prevent the phenomenon that the rock core is clamped in the holder due to improper operation when the rock coreis replaced, the pressure stabilizing device is connected with the sample cavity to ensure that after the sampling is finished, the internal pressure of the cavity is kept stable, one experimental variable is reduced, and the experimental result is more accurate and reliable. The pressure sensing alarm device presets a pressure lower limit value before the experiment is carried out, if the equipment leaks air during the experiment, the pressure is reduced to a lower limit value, the sensing device can sense and send a warning to the mobile equipment of the experimenter in time, which is of great significance to ensure safe performance of the experiment.