The invention particularly relates to a wet electronic chemical silicon-based material etching solution. The solution comprises the following components in parts by weight: 25-45 parts of methanesulfonic acid; 10-30 parts of fluoride; 30-60 parts of a water-soluble acid; 0.5-9.5 parts of a complexing agent; 0.5-3.5 parts of a wetting agent; and the balance of water which makes the total parts of the components be 100 parts. The water-soluble acid comprises at least one of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, perchloric acid, sulfinic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, citric acid, isocitric acid and glycolic acid. The fluoride comprises at least one of trifluoromethanesulfonic acid, sodium fluoride, sodium hydrogen fluoride, ammonium fluoride, ammonium hydrogen fluoride, ammonium fluoborate, potassium fluoride, potassium hydrogen fluoride, aluminum fluoride, fluoboric acid, lithium fluoride, potassium fluoborate and calcium fluoride. The wet electron chemical silicon-based material etching solution can be used for safely, stably and efficiently etching a silicon substrate, can well solve the problem of insoluble byproducts generated in the etching process, has lower industrial safety risk in the production process, and lowers the cost required in a wastewater treatment procedure.