The invention discloses a gear tooth surface shot peening finishing method in the technical field of gear tooth surface processing. The method concretely comprises the following steps of S1, heating agear tooth surface; S2, utilizing shots sprayed through a peening machine for strengthening the gear tooth surface, and enabling the tooth surface to form a residual compressive stress layer; S3, carrying out induction quenching processing on the residual compressive stress layer formed on the tooth surface, then carrying out secondary shot peening processing, and forming a high surface residualstress; and S4, after finishing shot peening, electroplating a surface of the residual compressive stress layer of the gear tooth surface, and then roasting and dehydrogenizing, so that the accuracy of a tooth shape is improved. According to the gear tooth surface shot peening finishing method provided by the invention, the gear bending fatigue resistance can be improved, the tooth surface fatigueresistance is improved, continuously machining tool marks can be eliminated at the same time, a lubricating condition of the tooth surface is improved, and meanwhile, after electroplating processing,grinding processing has no need to be carried out after shot peening, so that the accuracy of the tooth shape is improved, and a shot peening strengthening effect cannot be weakened at the same time.