The invention discloses an automatic rotary compression necking device of a metal tube. The device comprises a machine frame, a hopper mechanism, a necking mechanism, a conveying mechanism and a control system, wherein the machine frame is provided with a tabletop plate, and the hopper mechanism, the necking mechanism, the conveying mechanism and the control system are arranged on the machine frame; the hopper mechanism comprises a hopper, and the hopper comprises a hopper bottom plate, hopper middle plates, a hopper baffle plate and an L-shaped tube placing block; the necking mechanism comprises an electric spindle, a linear moving mechanism, a tube clamping mechanism, a lifting type supporting mechanism, a cooling device and a screw rod driving mechanism, and the screw rod driving mechanism uses a servo motor as power; the conveying mechanism comprises a material jacking mechanism, a Z-Y direction two-dimensional moving mechanism, a transmission rod and two conveying double-V rods, and two material jacking V-shaped grooves are formed in each conveying double-V rod in a spaced mode; and the control system comprises a touch screen and a PLC which are connected through circuits. Theautomatic rotary compression necking device for the metal tube is high in machining efficiency, good in quality, high in precision, suitable for necking machining of metal tubes with different lengths and machining parameters, simple to operate and high in automation degree.