The invention discloses a bamboo-wood fiber board using bio-based non-formaldehyde adhesive and a preparation method thereof. The fiber board comprises the raw materials of, by weight, 60-70 parts offirst fiber, 6-10 parts of second fiber, 10-20 parts of adhesives, 25-35 parts of hydrophobic auxiliary agents, 6-8 parts of additives and 6-8 parts of modifiers. The second fiber is prepared from anhydrous aluminum chloride, aluminum powder, water, magnesium lactate and acetic acid, a sol-gel method is adopted during preparation, and the anhydrous aluminum chloride, the aluminum powder and the water are polymerized under a reaction condition to form a linear polymer to obtain polyaluminium chloride sol; and the magnesium lactate is added, the acetic acid is used as a stabilizer, and a spinning solution is obtained by stirring and reduced pressure distillation. According to the fiber board and the preparation method, the bamboo-wood fiber board is reasonable in component design and simplein process operation, the prepared bamboo-wood fiber board does not contain formaldehyde, benzene and xylene toxic substance release, formaldehyde pollution is effectively avoided, and the bamboo-woodfiber board has excellent mechanical property, high strength, excellent hydrophobic property and high practicability.