32 results about "Cell physiology" patented technology

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems for phase measurement which address the problem of phase noise using combinations of a number of strategies including, but not limited to, common-path interferometry, phase referencing, active stabilization and differential measurement. Embodiment are directed to optical devices for imaging small biological objects with light. These embodiments can be applied to the fields of, for example, cellular physiology and neuroscience. These preferred embodiments are based on principles of phase measurements and imaging technologies. The scientific motivation for using phase measurements and imaging technologies is derived from, for example, cellular biology at the sub-micron level which can include, without limitation, imaging origins of dysplasia, cellular communication, neuronal transmission and implementation of the genetic code. The structure and dynamics of sub-cellular constituents cannot be currently studied in their native state using the existing methods and technologies including, for example, x-ray and neutron scattering. In contrast, light based techniques with nanometer resolution enable the cellular machinery to be studied in its native state. Thus, preferred embodiments of the present invention include systems based on principles of interferometry and/or phase measurements and are used to study cellular physiology. These systems include principles of low coherence interferometry (LCI) using optical interferometers to measure phase, or light scattering spectroscopy (LSS) wherein interference within the cellular components themselves is used, or in the alternative the principles of LCI and LSS can be combined to result in systems of the present invention.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems for phase measurement which address the problem of phase noise using combinations of a number of strategies including, but not limited to, common-path interferometry, phase referencing, active stabilization and differential measurement. Embodiment are directed to optical devices for imaging small biological objects with light. These embodiments can be applied to the fields of, for example, cellular physiology and neuroscience. These preferred embodiments are based on principles of phase measurements and imaging technologies. The scientific motivation for using phase measurements and imaging technologies is derived from, for example, cellular biology at the sub-micron level which can include, without limitation, imaging origins of dysplasia, cellular communication, neuronal transmission and implementation of the genetic code. The structure and dynamics of sub-cellular constituents cannot be currently studied in their native state using the existing methods and technologies including, for example, x-ray and neutron scattering. In contrast, light based techniques with nanometer resolution enable the cellular machinery to be studied in its native state. Thus, preferred embodiments of the present invention include systems based on principles of interferometry and/or phase measurements and are used to study cellular physiology. These systems include principles of low coherence interferometry (LCI) using optical interferometers to measure phase, or light scattering spectroscopy (LSS) wherein interference within the cellular components themselves is used, or in the alternative the principles of LCI and LSS can be combined to result in systems of the present invention.

A microfluidic embedded nanoelectromechanical system (NEMs) force sensor provides an electrical readout. The force sensor contains a deformable member that is integrated with a strain sensor. The strain sensor converts a deformation of the deformable member into an electrical signal. A microfluidic channel encapsulates the force sensor, controls a fluidic environment around the force sensor, and improves the read out. In addition, a microfluidic embedded vacuum insulated biocalorimeter is provided. A calorimeter chamber contains a parylene membrane. Both sides of the chamber are under vacuum during measurement of a sample. A microfluidic cannel (built from parylene) is used to deliver a sample to the chamber. A thermopile, used as a thermometer is located between two layers of parylene.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are directed to systems for phase measurement which address the problem of phase noise using combinations of a number of strategies including, but not limited to, common-path interferometry, phase referencing, active stabilization and differential measurement. Embodiment are directed to optical devices for imaging small biological objects with light. These embodiments can be applied to the fields of, for example, cellular physiology and neuroscience. These preferred embodiments are based on principles of phase measurements and imaging technologies. The scientific motivation for using phase measurements and imaging technologies is derived from, for example, cellular biology at the sub-micron level which can include, without limitation, imaging origins of dysplasia, cellular communication, neuronal transmission and implementation of the genetic code. The structure and dynamics of sub-cellular constituents cannot be currently studied in their native state using the existing methods and technologies including, for example, x-ray and neutron scattering. In contrast, light based techniques with nanometer resolution enable the cellular machinery to be studied in its native state. Thus, preferred embodiments of the present invention include systems based on principles of interferometry and/or phase measurements and are used to study cellular physiology. These systems include principles of low coherence interferometry (LCI) using optical interferometers to measure phase, or light scattering spectroscopy (LSS) wherein interference within the cellular components themselves is used, or in the alternative the principles of LCI and LSS can be combined to result in systems of the present invention.

The invention discloses a cancer individuation intervention strategy selection method based on molecular physiome. The method comprises the following steps that: establishing an intervention response model library; when a new case appears, comparing the new case with the pre-administration proteomics difference of a model; and analyzing biological approaches/ physiological function differences and the like which may be caused by the difference. A sample data type on which the method depends has high dependency with a physiological level phenotype. Proteomics data related to cell physiology and functions including protein and the like can be transcribed and subjected to epigenetic inheritance. The method is more sensitive to the intervention response effect of diseases, can provide rich indexes to observe molecular level physiological changes caused by diseases, and is suitable for clinic transformation and practical popularization.

Disclosed are methods, compounds, and compositions comprising botanically based drugs, medical foods, and dietary supplements for the prevention and treatment of metabolic disorders, in particular obesity, weight gain, insulin resistance syndromes, diabetes, fasting hyperlipidemia and osteoarthritis. More specifically, the invention relates to pharmaceutical therapeutic methods and compositions utilizing phytochemicals, natural plant extracts and combinations to modify adipocyte physiology to enhance thermogenesis and modify cytokine secretion.

Expression profiling using DNA microarrays is an important new method for analyzing cellular physiology. In “spotted” microarrays, fluorescently labeled cDNA from experimental and control cells is hybridized to arrayed target DNA and the arrays imaged at two or more wavelengths. Statistical analysis is performed on microarray images and show that non-additive background, high intensity fluctuations across spots, and fabrication artifacts interfere with the accurate determination of intensity information. The probability density distributions generated by pixel-by-pixel analysis of images can be used to measure the precision with which spot intensities are determined. Simple weighting schemes based on these probability distributions are effective in improving significantly the quality of microarray data as it accumulates in a multi-experiment database. Error estimates from image-based metrics should be one component in an explicitly probabilistic scheme for the analysis of DNA microarray data.

The instrumentation and methods described herein are based on imaging and measuring single cell dose response by fluorescent ion imaging that records live cell responses to drug doses with no apparent damage to the cells or toxic side effects. Dose response curves and other pharmacological parameters can be computed by imaging and measuring oscillation changes for each dose and each cell. Large variability of cellular responses under the same experimental conditions indicates that pharmacological benchmarks are determined by statistical distribution of cells and cellular physiology. The instrumentation and methods described herein provide a means of measuring statistical variability of cell populations for improved screening and development methods for drugs.

The state of protein phosphorylation and glycosylation can be key determinants of cellular physiology such as early stage cancer, but the development of phosphoproteins and/or glycoproteins in biofluids for disease diagnosis remains elusive. Here we demonstrate, for the first time, a strategy to isolate and identify phosphoproteins/glycoproteins in extracellular vehicles (EVs) from human plasma as potential markers to differentiate disease from healthy states. We identified close to 10,000 unique phosphopeptides in EVs by isolating from small volume of plasma samples. Using label-free quantitative phosphoproteomics, we identified 144 phosphoproteins in plasma EVs that are significantly higher in patients diagnosed with breast cancer than in healthy controls. Several novel biomarkers were validated in individual patients using Paralleled Reaction Monitoring for targeted quantitation. Similarly a group of glycoproteins in plasma EVs are identified. The study demonstrated that the development of phosphoproteins and/or glycoproteins in plasma EV as disease biomarkers is highly feasible and may transform cancer screening and monitoring.

Insulin producing β cells are found in three dimensional (3D) structures, the Islet of Langerhans. The 3D structure is required for normal β cell function and survival. β cell pseudoislets (PIs) are useful for study of β cell physiology. Co-culturing of primary human islets and β cell lines together with islet-derived epithelial cells can improve β cell function and survival and maintain the cells' 3D structure, resulting a rapid and spontaneous formation of free-floating PIs. β cells in PIs were similar in size to native islets and showed increased percentage of pro-insulin-positive cells, increased insulin gene expression in response to glucose stimulation, improved glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and reduced β cell death. Key ECM proteins, absent in monolayer β cells, are deposited by iECs in and round the PIs. iEC induced PIs are a useful tool for examining β-cell/iEC interactions and studying β-cell function in a native 3D configuration.

The invention belongs to the technical field of composite materials, and particularly discloses a bio-optical composite material, a preparation method and an application thereof. The bio-optical composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 0.5-3 parts of mica, 0.5-2 parts of mirabilite, 0.5-3 parts of haematite, 0.5-1 part of gypsum, 0.5-1 part of magnetite, 0.5-3 parts of cinnabar, 0.5-2 parts of tourmaline, 0.5-3 parts of alum and 0.5-2 parts of medical stone. The raw material fine powder of the bio-optical composite material is evenly mixed in a high-speed mixer, and is irradiated for 12-24 hours by a laser with 457-600nm frequency band and a continuous output power of 400mW. The composite material can convert infrared waves emitted by human bodies to generate short-wave biological waves, can promote cell metabolism, improve cell pathology and improve cell physiology, has the functions of quickly relieving pain, repairing cell damage, dispelling glandhyperplasia, improving cell hypoxia, enhancing muscle fiber strength, strengthening physiological state of human organs and the like, can be used for medical treatment and human body rehabilitation health care, such as preparing multiple medical patches, eyeglass frames and other human body contact articles for daily use.

The invention relates to the research technique of plant stoichiology and aims at providing a fluorescence tracking method for the transportation direction and route of assimilate of an in-vitro lilyplant. The fluorescence tracking method comprises the following steps: applying medical absorbent cotton wetted by a CFDA solution to outer-layer scale notches of bulbs or cross sections of vascular bundles of leaves of an in-vitro lily, carrying out packaging by virtue of a paraffin sealing film, and covering by virtue of tin foil paper; continuing to carry out culturing for 72 hours under the original culture condition; carrying out freehand section sampling at an observed part, observing distribution images of CF in the notches by virtue of a fluorescence microscope, and taking a picture. Afluorescent dye CFDA adopted in the invention has no toxin or chemical inertness to cells, the quantum yield is relatively high, the transportation direction and route of the assimilate in the lily bulbs in different developmental stages can be properly tracked in a cell level, and compared with a traditional microradioactive autographing technique, the method is relatively safe and simple. The special sample treatment is omitted, the cost is low, and an ideal marking result can be rapidly and effectively achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of treatment of ear diseases in ear, nose and throat departments and ear health care, and particularly relates to a preparation having functions of tinnitus treatment and ear health care as well as a preparation method thereof. The preparation having the functions of tinnitus treatment and ear health care is prepared by refining a biological tinnitus relief agent, a cell physiology function regulator, a cell protecting agent, a cell agonist, a blood activation and channel dredging agent, an intelligence strengthening agent, an antioxidant, a cell normal growth metabolism required agent and an auxiliary through a mild environmental-protection process. The preparation has the functions and effects of activating blood and dredging channels, dispelling the wind and inducing resuscitation, removing necrosis and promoting granulation, resisting inflammation and aging, inhibiting bacteria and relieving itching, nourishing neurovascular of ears andbrain and muscles and improving auditory nerve conduction capabilities. Compared with a conventional tinnitus treatment agent, the preparation disclosed by the invention has the advantages that tinnitus can be treated, and the preparation also can be used as an ear health-care product of ordinary people, and can be used for conditioning or recovering the neurovascular of ears and brain and musclecells; the preparation has the function of drugs and also has the security of health-care food and cosmetics. The preparation is convenient to use and has a good effect.

Cellular physiology workstations for automated data acquisition and perfusion control are described. The cellular physiology workstation may be used for physiological and electrophysiological experiments. Methods for employing such cellular physiology workstations in physiological and electrophysiological experiments are also disclosed. The cellular physiology workstations comprise one or more recording chambers each for holding one or more cells to be measured. One or more cells are place in each recording chamber. Perfusions means, such as an automatic perfusion system is connected to the recording chamber to perfuse the cells with a plurality of solutions containing different concentration of one or more agents to be tested. Biosensors, such as patch clamps, electrodes, or microscopes are positioned to detect a response from the cell. The cellular physiology workstation may optionally comprise injecting means for introducing an injection solution into the cell before and during analysis.

The method of enhancing diamagnetic anisotropy in cell membranes that occur under the influence of disassociated polymorphic _bCl⁻ comprising changes in chloride ion channel expression and cell physiology. Direct current from a device generates an electromagnetic field in a 3 hypotonic saline solution leading to a dielectrophoretic disassociation of the chloride ion from its chloro-metabolites transforming it into a polymorphic diamagnetically disassociated bio-chloride (_bCl⁻). This field treated aqueous solution induces a magnetic moment change in solution for some hours when no longer under the influence of the direct current; for when this field influenced solution is used to reconstitute growth media of human breast carcinoma (MDA-MB-231) and human breast epithelial (MCF-10A) cells in vitro, significant changes in chloride ion channel expression, membrane potential, cell volume, and a massive transcriptional reprogramming of 2,468 genes expressions by Human Genome U133 Plus 2.0 Gene Chip Array (Affymetrix) analyses occur.