The invention discloses a soil covering device for three-dimensional shelf cultivation of oudemansiella radicata. The soil covering device for three-dimensional shelf cultivation of the oudemansiella radicata comprises a base, wherein four moving devices are arranged on the lower end face of the base, four stand columns which are symmetrically arranged are fixedly connected to one side wall, away from the moving devices, of the base, and containing grooves are formed in one side walls, away from the base, of the four stand columns; working pipes are fixedly connected to the inner walls of one sides, close to the base, of the four containing grooves, a plurality of sliding openings formed at equal intervals are formed in the inner walls of the four containing grooves correspondingly, protruding blocks are slidably connected into the multiple sliding openings, working springs are fixedly connected to one side walls, close to the working pipes, of the protruding blocks correspondingly, and one ends, away from the protruding blocks, of the multiple working springs are fixedly connected to the outer walls of the four working pipes correspondingly. According to the soil covering device for three-dimensional shelf cultivation of the oudemansiella radicata, a user can conveniently, quickly and safely complete the soil covering work of the oudemansiella radicata on shelfs with different heights, so that great convenience is brought to the user to use the device.