The embodiment of the invention provides a
plasmon waveguide structure and a
refractive index sensor, and the
plasmon waveguide structure comprises a
metal substrate layer; a multi-period composite
metal grating layer; the
dielectric layer is arranged between the
metal substrate layer and the multi-period composite
metal grating layer; wherein the multi-period composite
metal grating layer is composed of nano-metal
supercell structures which are periodically arranged in the direction, and each nano-metal
supercell structure is formed by periodically arranging at least two metal structures with different
grating periods in the direction according to a preset
grating interval; and the structures are alternately arranged in the direction at preset periodic intervals. According to the invention, decoupling and flexible regulation and control of
resonance position and intensity can be realized based on a plurality of independent resonant cavities with spatial separation provided by the multi-period composite
metal grating layer.