The invention relates to the technical field of metal molding and casting, in particular to a method for quickly casting a large precision casting based on a 3D printing technology; through combination of a 3D printing and molding technology and a lost foam casting technology, by using special shell type coatings, a casting without the defects of recarburization, pores, slag inclusion or wrinkledskin can be cast, and the requirements of a high grade and complex structure and the precision casting can be met; and the method has the advantage of green, environmental protection and no pollution.The method comprises the steps of three-dimensional modeling, making of a fusible model and a special shell mold, boxing of the shell mold, negative pressure pouring and the like. The method has theadvantages of simple processing technology, no need of developing a mould, short production time, easy regulation and modification, low production cost, green, environmental protection and no pollution, and the molding process can be finished in real time; the requirements of individualization and customization cam be met; high quality products can be made, and massive casting and precision casting are both taken into consideration.