39 results about "Redox cycling" patented technology

An immunochemical and molecular biologic endpoint reporter system in which reaction products, coupled to electrochemically active molecules susceptible to redox recycling or coupled to enzymes capable of proportional generation of said electrochemically active molecules, are detected and / or quantitated using amperiometry in conjunction with a silicon microchip possessing a closely spaced interdigitated array of nobel metal electrodes.

Various embodiments provide devices, methods, and systems for high throughput biomolecule detection using transducer arrays. In one embodiment, a transducer array made up of transducer elements may be used to detect byproducts from chemical reactions that involve redox genic tags. Each transducer element may include at least a reaction chamber and a fingerprinting region, configured to flow a fluid from the reaction chamber through the fingerprinting region. The reaction chamber can include a molecule attachment region and the fingerprinting region can include at least one set of electrodes separated by a nanogap for conducting redox cycling reactions. In embodiments, by flowing the chamber content obtained from a reaction of a latent redox tagged probe molecule, a catalyst, and a target molecule in the reaction chamber through the fingerprinting region, the redox cycling reactions can be detected to identify redox-tagged biomolecules.

The present invention provides a reactor and gasification process for the continuous controlled production of hydrogen (H2) and a by-product synthesis gas (mixture of CO+H2+CO2), such a process called a hydrogen priority poly-generation process (HPPP). The reactor uses a circulating molten iron process, which is capable of gasifying a variety of carbonaceous materials including low rank coals and biomass. The process employs an iron steam oxidation-reduction cycle in a multi-chamber reactor including a multi-vessel reactor system, where in one compartment or vessel hydrogen is produced by steam oxidation of molten iron; and in a second compartment or vessel the iron is regenerated by carbon reduction of molten iron oxide thereby producing a by-product synthesis gas (CO+H2+CO2), and excess heat which can be used to produce steam, and in a third step the iron is purified before being returned to the steam oxidation step in the process. An embodiment of this process uses low rank coals having high ash levels in a reactor, which is designed to continuously extract ash from the molten iron bath. A second embodiment uses low ash carbon materials such as highly beneficiated coals in a simpler process that produces pure streams of hydrogen and CO.

A discharge-lamp lighting device is provided which decreases arc jumps, suppresses the fluctuation in brightness of the lamp, and prolongs a life of the lamp, by positively accelerating growth of spots even when an inexpensive, small and highly efficient lamp is used. A discharge-lamp controlling portion (101) sets frequencies of drive-controlling signals (A and B) for drive-controlling a commutator (109) within a predetermined frequency range so that spots formed by arc discharge on electrodes composing a high-pressure discharge lamp grow through a cycle of oxidation-reduction of a metal composing the electrodes, and superimposes a triangular wave signal generated on the basis of the drive-controlling signals onto a current-controlling signal (F) over an entire period of the drive-controlling signals so as to make a peak value of the triangular wave constant, thereby adjusting the waveform of current flowing in the high-pressure discharge lamp.

A discharge-lamp lighting device is provided which decreases arc jumps, suppresses the fluctuation in brightness of the lamp, and prolongs a life of the lamp, by positively accelerating growth of spots even when an inexpensive, small and highly efficient lamp is used. A discharge-lamp controlling portion (101) sets frequencies of drive-controlling signals (A and B) for drive-controlling a commutator (109) within a predetermined frequency range so that spots formed by arc discharge on electrodes composing a high-pressure discharge lamp grow through a cycle of oxidation-reduction of a metal composing the electrodes, and superimposes a triangular wave signal generated on the basis of the drive-controlling signals onto a current-controlling signal (F) over an entire period of the drive-controlling signals so as to make a peak value of the triangular wave constant, thereby adjusting the waveform of current flowing in the high-pressure discharge lamp.

Disclosed is an inhibitor of the reduction of life cycle of a redox shuttle additive that undergoes oxidation-reduction cycling, the inhibitor being at least of one compound selected from the group consisting of vinylene carbonates, ethylene carbonates, cyclic sulfites and unsaturated sultones. Also, Disclosed is a non-aqueous electrolyte and secondary battery comprising the same inhibitor.

The present invention provides a reactor and gasification process for the continuous controlled production of hydrogen (H2) and a by-product synthesis gas (mixture of CO+H2+CO2), such a process called a hydrogen priority poly-generation process (HPPP). The reactor uses a circulating molten iron process, which is capable of gasifying a variety of carbonaceous materials including low rank coals and biomass. The process employs an iron steam oxidation-reduction cycle in a multi-chamber reactor including a multi-vessel reactor system, where in one compartment or vessel hydrogen is produced by steam oxidation of molten iron; and in a second compartment or vessel the iron is regenerated by carbon reduction of molten iron oxide thereby producing a by-product synthesis gas (CO+H2+CO2), and excess heat which can be used to produce steam, and in a third step the iron is purified before being returned to the steam oxidation step in the process. An embodiment of this process uses low rank coals having high ash levels in a reactor, which is designed to continuously extract ash from the molten iron bath. A second embodiment uses low ash carbon materials such as highly beneficiated coals in a simpler process that produces pure streams of hydrogen and CO.

Disclosed are stable recombinant multi-gene nucleic acid constructs, such as plant binary vectors, comprising (i) a gene encoding gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase and (ii) a gene encoding glutathione synthetase, plus preferably at least one, preferably two, genes which encode enzymes involved in the redox cycling of glutathione between its reduced and its oxidised forms e.g. glutathione reductase and / or glutathione peroxidase. Preferably the promoters linked to the genes are different and of different strengths, and may optionally be inducible. Also provided are related materials and corresponding methods and uses e.g. in plants to improve oxidative stress tolerance enhance root development, or to increase the post-harvest shelf life of the plant or part thereof.

The invention relates to a novel Z-type sound catalyst capable of degrading antibiotic wastewater as well as a preparation method and application thereof. According to the preparation method, a novelZ-shaped structural nano composite sound catalyst Er<3+>:Y3Al5O12@ Ni(Fe0.05Ga0.95)2O4-Au-BiVO4 is prepared with a simple sol-gel method and hydrothermal and high-temperature calcining methods. A result shows that according to the Er<3+>:Y3Al5O12@ Ni(Fe0.05Ga0.95)2O4-Au-BiVO4 disclosed by the invention, as a cyclic redox circulating system can be formed after Ni(Fe0.05Ga0.95)2O4 and BiVO4 are combined, separation of e<-> and h<+> is promoted, and the sound catalytic degrading capacity of the system is obviously improved. The novel efficient sound catalyst disclosed by the invention can be widely applied to the environmental protection fields of water purification, wastewater treatment and the like, and has a wide prospect.

Methods for oxidizing organic compounds using hydroxyl radicals formed through redox cycling chelator-mediated Fenton chemistry are disclosed. The methods include generating a reactive oxygen species by contacting a redox cycling chelator with an oxygen containing oxidant and a transition metal species. By contacting the resulting reactive oxygen species with an organic compound, the organic compound is oxidized. The preferred transition metal species is a cationic transition metal, such as iron or copper. The disclosed methods may be used to degrade organic waste compounds and dyes, activate lignocellulosic materials for bonding and produce adhesive formulations.

The invention belongs to the field of electrochemical sensors and relates to a method for detecting dopamine on the basis of a nanoparticle label oxidation-reduction cycle. According to the method, gold platinum composite nanoparticles are connected to dopamine aptamer complementary sequence single-stranded DNA to form a probe, the dopamine aptamer is added into the probe, so that double-stranded DNA modified gold platinum composite nanoparticles are obtained, when a dopamine-containing sample solution is added into the double-stranded DNA modified gold platinum composite nanoparticles, dopamine is specifically bonded with the dopamine aptamer and the probe is released; the released probe is captured by gold nanoparticles and a graphene oxide modified gold electrode, and the catalysis effect of gold platinum composite nanoparticles is used to generate an electrochemical signal to realize detection of dopamine. The method provided by the invention has the advantages of being simple and high in sensitivity.

The invention relates to a method for producing a device for the electrochemical detection of molecules by way of redox cycling, to a device therefor, and to the use thereof. A porous dielectric layer is present between two electrode layers, which is able to receive redox-active molecules and may be biofunctionalized. The individual layers are preferably applied by way of an ink jet printing method.

A method for the separation of the rare-earth fission product poisons comprising providing a spent nuclear fuel. The spent nuclear fuel comprises UO2 and rare-earth oxides, preferably Sm, Gd, Nd, Eu oxides, with other elements depending on the fuel composition. Preferably, the provided nuclear fuel is a powder, preferably formed by crushing the nuclear fuel or using one or more oxidation-reduction cycles. A compound comprising Th or Zr, preferably metal, is provided. The provided nuclear fuel is mixed with the Th or Zr, thereby creating a mixture. The mixture is then heated to a temperature sufficient to reduce the UO2 in the nuclear fuel, preferably to at least to 850° C. for Th and up to 600° C. for Zr. Rare-earth metals are then extracted to form the heated mixture thereby producing a treated nuclear fuel. The treated nuclear fuel comprises the provided nuclear fuel having a significant reduction in rare-earths.

The invention relates to a method for reversible detection on hypochlorite and hydrogen sulfide, and in particularly relates to a light emission detection method which is high in selectivity, high in sensitivity, and capable of reversibly detecting hypochlorite, hydrogen sulfide and oxidation reduction circulation of hypochlorite and hydrogen sulfide, and an application of the method. The method for reversible detection on hypochlorite and hydrogen sulfide is a method which is used for detecting by utilizing light emitting probe molecules, wherein the light emitting probe molecules are a metal complex (L1L2)M-L3Y3 having the structure as shown in a general formula I. The metal complex can be used as the light emitting probe molecules which are high in selectivity, high in sensitivity, and capable of detecting hypochlorite, hydrogen sulfide and oxidation reduction circulation of hypochlorite and hydrogen sulfide in a circulation and reversion manner. By adopting the light emitting probe molecules, circulatory and reversible detection on hypochlorite, hydrogen sulfide and oxidation reduction process of hypochlorite and hydrogen sulfide are achieved.

The invention relates to a method that takes a novel Ga based perovskite oxide as a redox cycle active material to decompose H2O and / or CO2 through a two-step thermochemical cycle so as to generate H2and / or CO. Oxygen vacancy formation energy of the Ga based perovskite oxide can be regulated through A-site and B-site wide doping. The thermochemical cycle reaction mainly includes the following steps: (1) reducing the active material to release oxygen at a high temperature; and (2) reacting the active material containing large amounts of oxygen vacancies with H2O and / or CO2 at a lower temperature to release H2 and / or CO. That the novel Ga based perovskite oxide can be used as the active material to realize the decomposition of H2O and / or CO2 through the thermochemical cycle is discovered for the first time. The active material can utilize the high temperature heat generated by solar energy focusing as energy sources, and takes H2O and / or CO2 as reaction raw materials to generate H2 and / or CO; and the perovskite oxide is clean and pollution-free, and is hopeful to become an effective material for preparing chemical fuel by reducing H2O and / or CO2 through the solar energy.

The method relates to a method for producing hydrogen, which comprises a hydrogen producing reaction forming step, a hydrogen producing reaction accelerating step and a derivation treating step, wherein in one of the viable method of the hydrogen producing reaction forming step, metal, metal alloy or waste materials thereof are used as reaction materials for producing hydrogen, and the hydrogen and by-products are obtained after cleaning treatment and chemical reaction by in contact with electrolyte; in one of the viable method of the hydrogen producing reaction accelerating step, organic acid or inorganic acid are added in the hydrogen producing reaction forming step so as to improve the hydrogen producing rate by the chemical reaction; in the derivation treating step, the electrolyte containing metal ion after the hydrogen producing reaction is finished is dried and properly treated or reduced by an electrolytic process so that the economical and practical purposes of oxidation reduction cycle can be achieved and no secondary pollution is caused.

The described BPE-enabled device includes two separated chambers which perform detection and reporting independently. Analytical reaction of a target molecule in the analytical cell is coupled to and monitored by an electrochromic reaction in the reporting cell. The color change in the reporting cell can be determined spectrophotometrically by RGB analysis of a CCD image acquired via smartphone. This detection method provides a linear response and a low limit of detection due to the redox cycling behavior in both chambers. The BPE based electrochromic detector can be modified for sensing of multiple analytes by integrating three or more sets of detection chemistries into one single device. Multiple analytes with different concentrations can be detected within this device simultaneously. The BPE based electrochromic device can be used for metabolite detection, wherein a redox mediator can be combined with specific oxidases to form an electrochemical mediator-electrocatalyst pair that completes redox cycling reactions.

The present invention provides an oxygen carrier for chemical looping hydrogen generation, a preparation method and applications thereof. According to the present invention, the oxygen carrier comprises, by mass, 5-65% of Fe2O3, 5-35% of MoO3 and 30-90% of Al2O3; the oxygen carrier is prepared through a dipping method and can be used for chemical looping hydrogen generation, wherein an alumina carrier is dipped in a soluble solution containing iron and molybdenum, and drying and roasting are performed to prepare the oxygen carrier; molybdenum oxide as the auxiliary agent is added to the oxygencarrier, and the conversion between Mo<6+> and Mo<3+> forms a redox cycle, such that the redox reaction can be promoted, and the reducibility of the active component iron oxide can be easily improved; the dispersity of iron oxide can be improved with molybdenum oxide, such that the particle of the iron oxide can be reduced so as to improve the stability of the oxygen carrier; and the oxygen carrier is suitable for carrying out the reaction at the high temperature, has advantages of good thermal stability, cheap and easily available raw materials and simple preparation method, and is suitablefor industrial applications.

The present invention relates to a biosensor using dual amplification of signal amplification by means of enzymes coupled with signal amplification by means of redox cycling, and to the use of a technology that maintains a slow reaction state between redox cycling materials without the use of redox enzymes, and induces quick chemical-chemical redox cycling. In addition, the present invention relates to a biosensor which obtains triple amplification by inducing electrochemical-chemical-chemical redox cycling, in addition to signal amplification by means of enzymes and signal amplification by means of chemical-chemical redox cycling.

The present invention provides for treatment of cancer by enhancing the effectiveness of anticancer agents. The present invention therefore provides methods of increasing the apoptotic potential of anticancer drugs by increasing the expression of the cellular redox protein thioredoxin or thioredoxin-like molecules and thereby sensitizing the cancer to the anticancer agent. The present invention also provides methods of ameliorating negative side-effects of an anticancer therapy comprising a thioredoxin or a thioredoxin-like molecule and an anticancer therapy.

The present invention relates to methods of making nanoarrays for use in detecting species formed on the surface of the array using SE(R)RS. The methods can involve nanolithographic printing of a compound by dip pen nanolithographic printing. A SE(R)RS substrate can be used for the array and which can be selected from surfaces roughened by the oxidation-reduction cycle (ORC), island films, colloidal nanoparticles and surface-confined nanostructures. A coating or intermediate layer, such as a layer formed of nitrocellulose, can be provided between the compound and the SE(R)RS substrate. There are also provided arrays themselves and methods of using such arrays.

The invention relates to an Escherichia coli report bacterial strain and a preparation method thereof, in particular to a report bacterial strain with high sensitivity on an oxidation reduction cycle reactant and a preparation method thereof. The Escherichia coli report bacterial strain is prepared by deleting five genes, namely soda, sodB, katG, ahpCF and frdABCD, of wild Escherichia coli E.coli MC4100 and replacing an SoxS encoding gene with GFP by the gene substitution technology. The Escherichia coli report bacterial strain is named as E.coli WMC-002, and is preserved in the China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center, with a preserving number of CGMCC No.2464. The Escherichia coli report strain can solve the problem of the limitation of detection of the oxidation reduction cycle reactant by the growth curve method, the end-point method and the MIC metho, simultaneously can overcome the defects of high background of a report signal of the report bacterial strain provided with a report vector, relative difficulty in precise quantification, poor stability and so on, and can be used for biological detection of the oxidation reduction cycle reactant.

The invention discloses a cobalt-cerium / sepiolite catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The catalyst comprises sepiolite serving as a carrier and cobalt and cerium which are loaded on the sepiolite and serve as active components. In the cobalt-cerium / sepiolite catalyst, cerium dioxide is used as an auxiliary agent component to interact with cobalt in the calcination andreduction processes, so that the conversion rate, the hydrogen yield and the stability of the bio-oil and the model thereof are improved. Meanwhile, cerium dioxide is used as an auxiliary agent to generate rapid oxidation-reduction circulation in the reforming process for oxygen transfer, so that the conversion rate and the hydrogen production efficiency of carbon-containing species are improved,carbon deposition is prevented from covering metal sites, and the service life of the catalyst is prolonged.

Disclosed is an inhibitor of the reduction of life cycle of a redox shuttle additive that undergoes oxidation-reduction cycling, the inhibitor being at least of one compound selected from the group consisting of vinylene carbonates, ethylene carbonates, cyclic sulfites and unsaturated sultones. Also, Disclosed is a non-aqueous electrolyte and secondary battery comprising the same inhibitor.

The invention discloses application of indeno triazine compounds as a substrate of quinone oxidoreductase depending on NAD (P) H. The indeno triazine compounds are catalyzed through the quinone oxidoreductase depending on the NAD (P) H to generate an oxidation reduction cycle reaction, a large number of reactive oxide free radicals are generated, strong oxidative stress is induced, and the obvious lethal effect on lung cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer, prostate cancer, nasopharynx cancer, kidney clear cell carcinoma, oral epidermoid carcinoma, chronic myelogenous leukemia, intestinal cancer, brain cancer, gastric cancer, esophagus cancer and other cancer cells expressed by the quinone oxidoreductase depending on the NAD (P) H is achieved. The indeno triazine compounds used as the substrate of the quinone oxidoreductase depending on the NAD (P) H can also be used as sensitizers for treating the cancer with radiotherapy, and have the obvious anticancer synergistic effect. In addition, the indeno triazine compounds used as the substrate of the quinone oxidoreductase depending on the NAD (P) H have antibacterial and antifungal activity.

The invention aims at providing a method for designing copper carrier anti-cancer reagent based on an oxidation reduction cycle strategy. Through taking advantage of oxidation reduction characteristics of a cancer cell, with participation of two antioxidant systems including thioredoxin and glutathione in the cell, an aim of carrier splitting, regeneration and carrying of a copper ion in the cellis realized through smartly taking advantage of interaction among small molecular mercaptan, the copper carrier and the copper ion. Compared with the conventional method, the method provided by the invention has very high efficiency of transporting the copper ion and has wide application foreground.

Transporting electrically charged molecules (A) in an aqueous solution, especially for operating a DNA sensor with a redox-cycling process between two measuring electrodes, is new. Transporting electrically charged molecules (A) in an aqueous solution, especially for operating a DNA sensor with a redox-cycling process between two measuring electrodes (ME) comprises (a) arranging, near ME, a metallic material (M) that is stable in aqueous solution and less resistant to oxidation than ME, and functions as a potential-stressable electrode; (b) applying a positive potential so that M is solubilized as positive ions; and (c) negatively charged molecules (A'), the target molecules, are transported in the opposite direction so that they concentrated at ME. Independent claims are also included for: (1) similar method for binding-specific separation of (A) in aqueous solution where the solution contains metal ions, a negative potential is applied to ME so that the metal ions are deposited (as metal) and (A') that are near ME and have sufficiently low binding energy are transported away from ME; and (2) device for performing the new methods.

The invention discloses a natural antioxidant compound, which is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 4 to 7.5 parts of radix salviae miltiorrhizae, 1 to 2.5 parts of radix puerariae, 1 to 3 parts of folium crataegi, and 1 to 3 parts of corn stigma. Four medicines are compounded and extracted through an enzymolysis-alcohol water combined extraction process, and various activeingredients such as flavonoids, phenolic acid and polysaccharide can be extracted to form the antioxidant compound, so that on one hand, a synergistic interaction effect can be achieved, on the otherhand, the different types of active ingredients can mutually repair and regenerate to form an oxidation reduction cycle system, and the antioxidation activity of the natural antioxidant compound is remarkably improved compared with a single medicine extract. In addition, the folium crataegi and the corn stigma are wide in source and cheaper than the radix salvia miltiorrhizae and the radix puerariae, so that the raw material cost is reduced.

The invention belongs to the technical field of solar high-temperature heat storage power generation and discloses a solar energy storage power generation system based on an oxidation-reduction reaction and a method. The system comprises a high-temperature solar reaction subsystem, a circulation power generation subsystem arranged at one side of the high-temperature solar reaction subsystem and aspotlight solar subsystem arranged above the high-temperature solar reaction subsystem. An MnO / Mn2O3 oxidation-reduction circulation reaction is combined with high heat generated by spotlight solar energy, and the solar energy is stored as chemical energy for all-day continuous power generation. The invention further discloses the method of the system. By means of the system, on the basis that fossil energy such as other natural gas is not consumed, the solar energy collected in daylight is stored as chemical energy, through two different path modes, high heat released by the chemical energy is used for all-day continuous power generation, efficient conversion and storage for the solar energy can be achieved, and the system has the advantages of being compact in structure, simple in operation technology, high in solar energy utilization rate, low in initial input cost, environmentally friendly and the like.

Personal care products useful for the maintenance of personal appearance and good health and minor treatments that do not require professional health care, as well as products that provide a combination of anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging properties and are suitable for use without a prescription. The products utilize a biomembrane permeable organosulfur compound that can redox cycle between thiol, disulfide, and thiosulfinate forms in response to oxidants and antioxidants inside and outside of cells. Example products include an anti-microbial toothpaste with anti-plaque properties, an anti-inflammatory skin lotion with antioxidant, antimicrobial, and deodorant properties, and an anti-toxin skin lotion with anti-arsenicosis properties.