73 results about "Waste minimisation" patented technology

The invention discloses a carbon nitride nano particle modified pucherite composite photocatalyst and a preparation method thereof. Carbon nitride nano particles are dispersedly compounded on the surface of porous pucherite, and the porous pucherite is composed of bent pucherite nanorods; the preparation method comprises the steps of firstly, preparing carbon nitride powder, adding the carbon nitride powder to high-purity water and performing ultrasonic dispersion, adding bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and stirring until the mixture is dissolved completely, adding ammonium metavanadate and continuing to stir, carrying out centrifugal separation, washing and drying to obtain a solid sample, then performing heat treatment, and grinding into powder. According to the carbon nitride nano particle modified pucherite composite photocatalyst, the carbon nitride nano particles are small and are dispersedly compounded on the surface of the porous pucherite, so as to be beneficial to exposure of carbon nitride-pucherite interfaces with high activity and reduction of a charge transferring distance, and therefore, the carbon nitride nano particle modified pucherite composite photocatalyst has wide application prospect in the fields such as environment pollution control and energy; besides, the preparation method of the composite photocatalyst is simple, low in cost and good in repetitiveness, and can well meet the requirement of volume production.

The invention discloses a nano iron/oyster shell composite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: activating the oyster shell by programmed heating and presintering; carrying out mechanical stirring and ultrasonic oscillation until iron ions or ferrous ions and the reducer are well dispersed in the porous structure of the oyster shell; and carrying out chemical reduction reaction to generate zero-valent nano iron on the pores and surface of the oyster shell in situ, thereby obtaining the nano iron oyster/shell composite material. By using the natural porous structure of the oyster shell as the carrier and the abundant minor elements in the oyster shell as the catalyst, the composite material fully displays the structure and component characteristics of the oyster shell, changes wastes into valuable substances, and well solves the problem of recovery of the oyster shell. Meanwhile, the composite material solves the problems of easy aggregation, easy oxidation, easy loss, difficulty in recovery and other application limitations of the nano iron in the field of environmental pollution control and restoration, can be widely used in purifying treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals (arsenic, cadmium and the like) and phosphorus as well as restoration of arsenic-polluted soil, and has favorable effects.

The invention discloses a dust online monitoring system, comprising a transport layer, a platform layer and an application layer, wherein the transport layer comprises a wired network, a wireless network and a 4G network; and a dust monitoring device, a noise monitoring device, a meteorological monitoring device and a video monitoring device are arranged in the application layer. Multiple environmental parameters such as the total suspended particulates, PM10, PM2.5, temperature, humidity, wind directions and wind speed are integrated according to the application layer, 24-hour online continuous monitoring is performed, and the characteristics of multi-parameter, real-time performance, intelligence and the like are achieved; data is transmitted through three major networks that are the wired network, the wireless network and the 4G network, and the real-time monitoring data can be rapidly updated; the monitoring data from different regions and different time periods is collected through the platform layer, a massive storage space is realized, the multi-dimensional and multi-spatial and temporal data statistical analysis can be performed, the administrative section can carry out thework in an orderly manner, and meanwhile, the system can accumulate data for establishing construction site environmental pollution control standards to further promote the long-term management of air pollution.

The invention relates to a method utilizing a ferric oxide nano material to efficiently and conveniently treat non-point source pollution, in particular to a method taking a non-toxic and cheap high molecular polymer easy for biodegradation and common ferric salt as raw materials to prepare a nano ferro material with a simple and convenient synthesis technique. The material penetrates and disperses into the subsurface stratum of earth, thus forming an in-earth wall containing the ferric oxide nano material; phosphor in phosphorus water flowing through the in-earth wall is adsorbed so as to treat phosphorin non-point source pollution caused by excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, discharge of human and animal fecaluria and domestic sewage, and the like, and is characterized by high efficiency, convenience, wide application range, etc. The method pertains to the field of environmental pollution control.

The invention relates to an integral catalyst for NOx selective catalytic reduction and a preparation method thereof, which are mainly applied in tail gas purification of motor vehicles and the tail gas purification of plant flues and belong to the field of environmental pollution control. The integral catalyst consists of two parts of a dichroite honeycomb ceramic carrier and a coating loaded with a catalytic active component, wherein the coating consists of active aluminum oxide and a transition metal oxide. The aluminum oxide coating loaded with the active component is coated on the dichroite honeycomb ceramic carrier by adopting the coating method, and the prepared catalyst has good reaction activity and stability. The 50% conversion temperature of NOx is 100-160 DEG C, the 100% conversion temperature of the NOx is 180 DEG C, and the temperature range of complete conversion is 180-320 DEG C.

The invention relates to a method for preparing cubic silicon carbide ultrafine powder by using waste plastic at low temperature, which comprises the following steps: waste plastic is used as a carbon source to synthesize silicon carbide with silicon powder, sodium metal and magnesium metal powder are used as reducing agents, sulfur powder is used as an adjuvant, the mixture reacts for 10 to 30 hours under the condition of 0.5 to 10 MPa at the temperature of 350 to 500 DEG C in a high-pressure kettle, and the product of reaction is washed and purified to obtain the cubic silicon carbide ultrafine powder. The method can cheaply prepare 3C-SiC ultrafine powder with good crystal degree in a large scale at relatively lower temperature and enlarge the application of silicon carbide ceramics and relevant composite materials thereof; especially the method uses the waste plastic as the carbon source, thereby being beneficial to energy saving, consumption and cost of raw materials reducing and changing the waste into a resource and controlling the environmental pollution.

The invention provides an apparatus and a method used for reducing CO2 by using dielectric barrier discharge plasma combined with biomass. The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental pollution controlling. The apparatus comprises a plasma reactor. The apparatus also comprises an H2O absorption cylinder, an organic gas absorption cylinder, a pressure swing adsorption apparatus and a CO gas storage cylinder which are orderly connected to the plasma reactor. Biomass is filled in the plasma reactor; the input power and the discharge frequency of an AC power source are adjusted, and CO2 gas is reduced; mixed gas obtained through the reaction is delivered through the H2O absorption cylinder, such that H2O is removed through absorption; the mixed gas is delivered through the organic gas absorption cylinder, such that organic gas is removed through absorption; CO gas obtained through the separation process by using the pressure swing adsorption apparatus is compressed by using a compressor, and is stored in the gas storage cylinder; CO2 gas obtained through separation is resolved by using a vacuum pump, and is delivered into a gas inlet of the plasma reactor for cyclicalreduction. With the method, the CO2 reduction efficiency is high, and the reduction cost is greatly reduced. CO2 is subject to cyclical reduction, such that the cyclical utilization of carbon resource is realized.

The invention provides a method for preparing monoclinic system tungsten trioxide from copper-tungsten alloy waste as a raw material. The method comprises steps as follows: acid leaching, roasting, ammonification and acidolysis. The copper-tungsten alloy waste is taken as the raw material, a high-value product monoclinic system tungsten trioxide with a function of photocatalytic degradation of organic matter is prepared, cyclic utilization of the waste metal resource is realized, renewable energy sources (solar energy) can be utilized, a recycled product can be used for environmental pollution control, and national energy saving, environmental protection and resource recycling strategies are met. According to the preparation method, the raw material is easy to obtain, the cost is low, a process is simple, and the preparation method is suitable for industrial production.

The invention belongs to the field of environmental pollution control, in particular to a method for reduction removal of heavy metal ions by phosphated nano zero-valent iron. The method comprises thefollowing steps: dropwise adding a sodium borohydride solution into a ferric trichloride solution, immediately adding a phosphate, then aging, carrying out suction filtration, and drying to obtain phosphated nano zero-valent iron; adding the phosphated nano zero-valent iron into an aqueous solution containing the heavy metal ions to carry out reduction removal of heavy metals. According to the method, the problems that nano zero-valent iron is weak in metal ion adsorption capacity, poor in electron selectivity and weak in heavy metal ion reduction removal capability in the heavy metal pollution control process are solved, and the phosphated nano zero-valent iron has the advantages of being efficient and green.

The invention provides a preparation method and application of a metal monatomic catalytic material M-C3N4 for activating a soluble oxidant, and belongs to the technical field of environmental pollution control. According to the method, urea is used as a raw material, and cobalt nitrate and copper nitrate are added to prepare Cu-C3N4 and Co-C3N4 metal monatomic catalysts respectively; wherein Cu-C3N4 is used for activating H2O2 to degrade VOC and rhodamine B, and Co-C3N4 is used for activating H2O2 and PMS to degrade rhodamine B. The Cu-C3N4 and Co-C3N4 metal monatomic catalytic material is used for activating a soluble oxidizing agent to degrade organic pollutants, and when visible light exists, a coupling effect can be generated by activating the soluble oxidizing agent and photocatalysis.

The invention provides a method for recycling selenium from tellurium deposition waste liquid. The method comprises the following steps: (1) carrying out ball milling on oxidized dreg containing tellurium and selenium and adding water to obtain leaching liquid; (2) adding sulfuric acid into the leaching liquid to obtain tellurium dioxide sediment and the tellurium deposition waste liquid; (3) adding the sulfuric acid into the tellurium deposition waste liquid obtained in the step (2) to adjust the concentration of H<+> to be 0.1mol/L-0.3mol/L; (4) adding sodium sulfite into the tellurium deposition waste liquid obtained in the step (3) and raising the temperature to be 60 DEG C-100 DEG C, stirring for 1.5h-2.5h, and then filtering to obtain crude selenium; (5) washing the crude selenium with water and carrying out drying treatment to remove attached sulfate radicals; and (6) combining the selenium deposition waste liquid separated in the step (4) and washing water obtained in the step (5) and conveying wastewater back into a recycling tank for storing, and treating and discharging after reaching standards. The method is simple in process, high in metal recovery rate and low in production cost; energy sources are saved, and the controllability on environment pollution is good; and resources can be effectively and comprehensively recycled, and the content of the selenium in the selenium deposition waste liquid is lower than 0.1g/L.

The invention relates to a method for preparing carbon hollow ball super-fine powder for a negative pole of a lithium ion battery by waste plastics at low temperature, which comprises the steps of: mixing the waste plastics with Na, Mg powder and S powder in proportion, and carrying out reaction in an autoclave for 5-10h under the conditions of 300-480 DEG C and 0.5-6MPa; and washing the product by alcohol, water and hydrochloric acid and drying to obtain the carbon hollow ball super-fine powder which has the hollow ball diameter of 50-300 nanometers and the hollow ball wall thickness of 20-30 nanometers. The carbon hollow ball super-fine powder has excellent electrochemical performance as the negative pole material of the lithium ion battery; the method is low in needed reaction temperature, simple and convenient in operation and beneficial to industrialization, and especially the waste plastics are taken as carbon source so as to be beneficial to saving energy, reducing consumption and lowering the material cost; furthermore, waste resource utilization and environmental pollution control can be realized.

A method for removing organic matters on a surface of micro-plastic by optimizing Fenton reagent reaction conditions, and belongs to the field of environmental pollution control. The method comprisesthe steps of: preparing a Fenton reagent with a concentration of 5-10 g/L; preparing different sizes of microplastic particles, and measuring the sizes of microplastic particles before digestion; andfinally, performing the digestion by using the Fenton reagent. The method provided by the invention can remove organic matters on the surface of the micro-plastic, does not have obvious influence on the micro-plastic, and has the higher removal efficiency on the organic matters on the surface of the micro-plastic in an actual sample.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biological inorganic hybridization, and in particular relates to a preparation method and applications of a biological inorganic hybrid membrane based on immobilized laccase adopting a copper foil carrier. The preparation method comprises the following steps: cutting copper foil into blocks, washing the copper foil blocks by adopting HCl solution, deionized water and alcohol, then soaking the washed copper foil blocks in (NH4)2S2O8 aqueous solution and Na2HPO4 aqueous solution in sequence, carrying out drying for 2h at 40 DEG C under the protection of inert gas, thus preparing an immobilized laccase carrier; soaking the carrier in laccase solution for 6-24 h, washing the surface by adopting deionized water, and carrying out vacuum drying at 30 DEG C, thus obtaining the biological inorganic hybrid membrane. The invention further discloses applications of the biological inorganic hybrid membrane based on immobilized laccase adopting the copper foil carrier in the environmental pollution control including dye wastewater decoloration and the like. The preparation method is simple, the prepared product has the activity enhanced than the activity of free laccase, has the enhanced stability in resisting the pH and temperate change influences, is good in reusability, and is strong in operability, a novel thought is provided for the immobilization of laccase and other proteins, and a promoting effect is achieved in the applications including protein immobilization, environment control, medical treatment and the like.

The invention provides a method for increasing positive permeation performance by using a ferric lactate complex as a draw solution, and belongs to the technical field of environmental pollution control engineering. The ferric lactate complex is prepared through a mild-condition one pot method, and the ferric lactate complex is applied to a positive permeation technology serving as the draw solution and is used for increasing the performance of the process. Due to structural characteristics of the ferric lactate complex, the ferric lactate complex prepared in the invention has higher water flux and lower reverse salt flux; meanwhile, the source of raw materials is wide, the cost is low, the preparation condition is mild, the toxicity is low, the membrane compatibility is good, and the recovery rate of the draw solution is higher, so that by using the ferric lactate complex as the draw solution, positive permeation can be effectively increased, and wider application of the positive permeation technology can be promoted through further study on the draw solution.

The invention discloses a quick-assembly wall system. The system comprises a framework system, a wallboard and a hanging system, the framework system and the wallboard are buckled through the hangingsystem, and the hanging system comprises a first hanging part and a second hanging part; the first hanging part is arranged on the framework system, and the second hanging part is arranged on the wallboard. According to the quick-assembly wall system, the wallboard can quickly be in lap joint and be assembled or disassembled through the hanging system, and pollution or building waste is hardly generated in the process; the framework system, the wallboard and the hanging system can be pre-manufactured in a factory, modeled production can be achieved, and the system helps to reduce production cost and save resources; the site construction steps are reduced, the wallboard is extremely convenient to assemble and disassemble, the construction period is shortened, and the effect of saving resources and controlling environmental pollution is remarkable.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly processing method for layered complete utilization of natural latex resources, which comprises the following steps: in the rubber tapping process, a chemical fertilizer urea is added as a preservative, aseptic and deproteinization agent of the fresh latex; in the processing process, a composite stabilizer composed of a surfactant, an oxidation crosslinking agent or functional reinforcer is added; after the latex is separated into a low-protein concentrated latex and a skim milk separation liquid by primary centrifugation, the low protein natural rubber products, or liquid biological agents or microbial inoculant activators with different use functions are further processed according to the products or applications; the skim milk separation liquid partially returns to the processing step for reutilization; and the gel generated in the production process of the low-protein solid natural rubber product is pressed and subjected to wastewater purification (rinsing) treatment to obtain washing water, which is reutilized in the production process and is not discharged. The clean production method for layered complete utilization of natural latex resources greatly reduces the pollution load, lowers the production cost and environmental pollution control cost, and enhances the economic benefit of the enterprise.

The invention discloses a lead-in type gas distribution method for a dielectric barrier discharge activated carbon regeneration reactor, belonging to the technical field of environmental pollution control and chemical industrial adsorbent regeneration. The lead-in type gas distribution method is characterized in that a gas-guide tube is put into the activated carbon packed bed of the dielectric barrier reactor, wherein gas outlet micropores are distributed on the gas-guide tube; and fed gas enters the activated carbon bed layer via the micropores on the gas-guide tube and is evenly distributed in the discharge space of the reactor for providing a reaction gas source for the reactor for discharging. For electrode systems with rectangular metal electrodes and media, the gas-guide tube can be made into a Z shape and a barb shape; and for electrode systems with round metal electrodes and media, the gas-guide tube can be spiral. The gas distribution method disclosed by the invention has a simple structure, the gas-guide tube is convenient to install and manufacture, a stable and evenly-distributed gas source can be provided for the dielectric barrier discharge zone, the gas use ratio is improved, and the gas distribution method is suitable for gas distribution for the amplifying device of the dielectric barrier discharge activated carbon regeneration reactor.

The invention provides an electrochemical redox system capable of synchronously and efficiently removing organic pollutants and heavy metal ions in a high-salt and high-chlorine water body, forms a whole set of efficient fly ash resource recycling method on the basis of the electrochemical redox system, and belongs to the technical field of environmental pollution control engineering. According to the method, a Ti4O7 anode with a ruthenium-iridium intermediate layer is prepared by combining a quenching method (for preparing the intermediate layer) and a plasma spraying method (for preparing an ultrathin catalyst layer), the Ti4O7 anode and a hastelloy electrode (cathode) form the electrochemical redox system, thus organic pollutants such as dioxin in fly ash washing liquid can be degraded and mineralized in a high-salt and high-chlorine environment, and heavy metal ions are fixed at the cathode through a reduction effect, so that the aim of reducing TOC and heavy metal content of the washing liquid is fulfilled. The electrode preparation method involved in the method is simple and convenient, low in cost and easy for large-scale production; and the harmless and recycling method for the fly ash is reasonable in design, and the recycling rate of each component is high.

The invention discloses a nanometer ferrosilicon composite particle of a three-layer nuclear shell structure and a preparing method and application thereof. The core of the prepared nanometer ferrosilicon composite particle is a modified silica powder particle with the average particle size to be 90-110nm. The preparing method of the nanometer ferrosilicon composite particle includes that nanometer iron (SF-Fe0) loaded on silica powder is synthesized in an improved liquid phase reduction method, and the particle size of a zero-valent iron particle is 20-60nm; and a SiO2 layer as thick as 5-10nm is evenly wrapped on the outer layer of SF-Fe0 in a gel sol method. The three-layer nuclear shell structure leads the nanometer zero-valent iron particle to have good stability and activity and to be greatly improved in transfer ability in simulation soil. In addition, the preparing method needs simple equipment and is easy and convenient in process, and has good application prospect in aspects of environmental pollution control and the like.