The invention relates to an organic-inorganic hybrid adsorbent with a hierarchical structure, a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of adding ion exchange resin, dopamine, copper sulfate and hydrogen peroxide into a Tris-HCl buffer solution, performing dark reaction at room temperature, separating the ion exchange resin having an adhesive polydopamine on the surface, then adding the resin into a ferrous salt solution, reacting at room temperature, separating the ion exchange resin carrying ion, adding thiol protease and the ion exchange resincarrying ion into a PBS buffer solution, reacting at room temperature, separating and naturally drying the solid material, thus obtaining the organic-inorganic hybrid adsorbent with a hierarchical structure. The prepared adsorbent can efficiently adsorb lead ions in water, solves the problem that the conventional powder nano-adsorbent is easy to agglomerate and lose and difficult to separate fromthe treated water body when lead-containing wastewater is treated, and is suitable for treating heavy metal sewage.