The application discloses an EMC forward design method and device for a PCB of a
pathological detection equipment and the
pathological detection equipment, and comprises the following steps: obtaining the
functional module composition of the equipment to be designed; determining the number of PCB stack
layers according to the
functional module composition of the equipment to be designed; based on the electromagnetic characteristic partition principle, the
welding layer for
welding components on the PCB is laid out and divided into multiple partitions; according to the
electromagnetic compatibility requirement of the equipment to be designed, the wiring path is arranged on each partition, and the interface protection area and / or the shielding filter protection area are set to obtain a pre-designed PCB; the pre-designed PCB is simulated, the wiring path of the pre-designed PCB is adjusted according to the
simulation result, and the PCB is manufactured according to the adjusted pre-designed PCB. The EMC test is completed before the formal PCB manufacturing, and the passive design mode of re-arranging, rewiring or replacing components for the designed PCB when
electromagnetic compatibility problems occur in the later debugging is completely avoided.