71results about How to "Avoid geological disasters" patented technology

The invention discloses a combined-type tunnel boring machine (TBM) for achieving geological exploration, and a geological exploration tunneling method, and relates to the field of tunnel and underground engineering construction. The combined-type TBM for achieving geological exploration comprises an advance TBM body and an expanding excavation TBM body; the expanding excavation TBM body surroundsthe outer side of the advance TBM body; the advance TBM body is carried with a ground-penetrating radar device, a geological drilling rig, an acoustic exploration device and a micro-seismic monitoring device; through excavation of the advance TBM body, the geological situation in front of the tunnel face can be directly exposed; and the advance TBM body can be carried with various advance geological exploration devices, the geological situation in front of the tunnel face of the advance TBM body can be forecasted, and the geological environment in front of the tunnel face of the expanding excavation TBM body can also be forecasted. According to the geological exploration tunneling method, various advance geological exploration is conducted during excavation, the engineering geological andhydrology geological structures in front of and around the tunnel face are accurately forecasted, thus geological disasters of TBM construction engineering are effectively avoided, the construction safety is guaranteed, the progress is accelerated, and the cost is saved.

The invention relates to a solar hot air system enhanced in-situ bio-ventilation soil restoration system. The system comprises a solar air heat collection system, a ventilation system, a contaminant vacuum extraction system and a gas purification system. The ventilation system is a ventilation pipeline, and the solar air heat collection system is connected with the ventilation pipeline and used for heating air in the ventilation pipeline. The contaminant vacuum extraction system comprises a gas phase extraction pipe and a vacuum pump, the gas phase extraction pipe is directly buried in the heated contaminated soil area, and the upper portion of the gas phase extraction pipe is connected with the gas purification device. The solar hot air system enhanced in-situ bio-ventilation soil restoration system further comprises a nutrient solution injection system, and a nutrient solution is evenly pumped into organic matter contaminated soil through the nutrient solution injection system. According to the system, solar energy serves as a heat source, heated air is injected into a soil embedded radiating pipe, soil temperature is adjusted, soil microbial flora and the nutrition environment are optimized, degradation of microorganisms for organic matter in the contaminated soil is promoted, and then following vacuum extraction is facilitated. By means of the system, energy is saved, the emission of greenhouse gas is reduced, and secondary pollution generated by combustion of fossil fuel is avoided.

The invention relates to a well and rock salt solution mining-well recharging filling circulation mining method. Particularly, a solution mining method is adopted for high-recovery-ratio mining of well and rock salt; meanwhile, waste residues generated in alkali preparation, salt preparation or coal burning process are filled in a salt mining solution cavity by a well recharging filling process method; and the solution mining of the well and rock salt and the well recharging filling circulation of the waste residues are implemented simultaneously. According to the method, various types of well and rock salt resources can be sufficiently mined, the method is particularly suitable for mining of ultra-thick well and rock salt resources, the recovery ratio of the well and rock salt resources can be improved obviously lengthwise and crosswise, and the service life of a salt well is prolonged; the waste residues generated in the alkali preparation, salt preparation or coal burning process are filled in the cavity, so that the ground environment pollution is avoided, the resource utilization of the waste residues is implemented, and the ground sinking can be avoided.

The invention relates to a safe and high-efficiency mining method for a metal mine in a mountainous area. The safe and high-efficiency mining method for the metal mine in the mountainous area specifically comprises techniques such as pillarless short-hole shrinkage mining, mine solid waste filling and ore pillar recovery. A pillarless short-hole shrinkage mining method is firstly adopted for mining, and then gobs are filled by using tailings and throwing tailings. After filler gelation, certain strength is obtained, the degree of ground surface subsidence can be relieved, and the frequency and scale of ground surface geological disasters induced by mining influence in the mine in the mountainous area are reduced; the method provided by the invention is low in cost, the mineral resource recovery rate is high and greater economic benefits can be produced; the application scope is wide and the method is suitable for popularization and application.

The invention discloses a submergible underwater landscape tunnel, which comprises one or more submergible steel box bodies which are connected mutually, wherein an anchoring positioning device is arranged on the lower part of each box body; a vented exhaust device is arranged on a deckhead of each box body; an intermediate deck dividing each box body into an upper layer and a lower layer is arranged in each box body, the upper layer is a functional box, and the lower layer is a submergible box; a submergible device is arranged in the submergible box; and shore connection devices are arranged on two end parts of the landscape tunnel. The submergible underwater landscape tunnel has the advantages of low construction cost, short construction period and convenient and safe construction. Conditioned bays or shorelines can be selected, and after being constructed in different places, the landscape tunnel is pulled to the site to be assembled and positioned submergibly. The submergible underwater landscape tunnel can prevent the destruction of geological earthquake, typhoon and tsunami effectively.

The invention relates to the technical field of tunnel and underground engineering construction, in particular to a shield knife replacing diaphragm wall reinforcing structure and a reinforcing construction method. The shield knife replacing diaphragm wall reinforcing structure includes a diaphragm wall arranged on a shield excavation route. The diaphragm wall is a plain concrete diaphragm wall. The diaphragm wall is disposed at the length portion position of knife replacement after the tunneling of a shield tunneling machine; by arranging the reinforcing structure on the shield excavation route in advance, knife replacement is performed when the shield excavation is performed to the reinforcing structure; due to the arrangement of the reinforcing structure, normal pressure knife replacement can be performed on a knife, so that the shield knife replacing diaphragm wall reinforcing structure has the advantages of being simple, convenient, fast and low in cost and the like during normalpressure knife replacement; at the same time, after the reinforcing structure is arranged, the problems of excavation face collapse and ground subsidence and the like during knife replacement are solved, the surrounding along the line of a tunnel is ensured, and quality safety accidents are effectively avoided.

The invention relates to a solar in-situ reinforced vapor extracting system for restoring soil organic pollutants. The solar in-situ reinforced vapor extracting system comprises a pipeline of a vapor extracting pipe 4, a water circulating system pipeline buried in organic pollutant soil, a solar heat collecting system 1, a heat insulating water tank 2, a gas purifying system and a soil water replenishing system, wherein the water circulating system pipeline is communicated with the solar heat collecting system 1 on the ground so as to form a solar circulating water heating system, the water circulating system pipeline is communicated with the heat insulating water tank 2 so as to form a heat insulating water tank heat storage circulating water system, and the solar heat collecting system 1 is communicated with the heat insulating water tank 2 so as to form a solar and heat insulating water tank combination circulating water heating system; pumps 12 and 13 and valves 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 are arranged on pipelines of the solar circulating water heating system, the heat insulating water tank heat storage circulating water system and the solar and heat insulating water tank combination circulating water heating system; and the pipeline of the vapor extracting pipe 4 is communicated with the gas purifying system on the ground. The system utilizes solar reinforced in-situ vapor extraction to restore the soil organic pollutants, is compact, is convenient to operate and saves energy.

The invention discloses a low-power-consumption monitoring data wireless acquisition system, which comprises a field mechanism, a remote communication module and a cloud end, the field mechanism edgecomprises a relay control module, a first wireless communication module and a plurality of sampling modules; the sampling module comprises a plurality of sensors and a bottom layer control module; thesensors are electrically connected with the bottom layer control module; the bottom layer control module is connected with the relay control module through the first wireless communication module, and the relay control module is connected with the cloud end through the remote communication module. According to the low-power-consumption monitoring data wireless acquisition method, the sampling module and the wireless transmission module enter a sleep mode. The relay control module awakens the sampling module and the wireless transmission module under an awakening reservation condition; the sampling module and the wireless transmission module enter a working mode; the sampling module collects monitoring data and transmits the monitoring data to the relay control module through the wirelesstransmission module, so that the communication line is prevented from being damaged, and the power consumption of a field mechanism and the data transmission module is reduced.

The invention discloses a natural gas hydrate compound exploitation method. The natural gas hydrate compound exploitation method comprises the following steps that an exploited well, an injection wellA and an injection well B are arranged at a stratum position of a natural gas hydrate to be exploited, and the injection well A and an injection well B are arranged on the two sides of the exploitedwell; a solid-state crushing drill rig and auxiliary equipment are lowered into a natural gas hydrate storage layer through the injection well B, after the storage layer is drilled, a drill hole is parallel to a horizontal line to continue to drill to crush the storage layer; the exploited well is closed, a carbon dioxide control platform is controlled, and carbon dioxide is injected into the natural gas hydrate storage layer through the injection well A; a drilling liquid control platform is controlled, and drilling liquid is injected into the natural gas hydrate storage layer through the injection well B; and the exploited well is opened, and natural gas generated in the storage layer is extracted to an offshore platform. According to the natural gas hydrate compound exploitation method,the advantage of good stability of the carbon dioxide hydrate is used, the stability of the stratum is ensured, geological disasters and mass decomposition of the hydrate are avoided, and meanwhile,the yield of the natural gas hydrate is effectively improved through favorable reaction conditions provided by the drilling liquid.

The invention aims at providing a method for obtaining suitability degree of mountainous village and town construction land, provides reference data for mountainous planning and construction and discloses a mountainous village and town construction land suitability assessment method based on geological disaster. The method includes comprehensively utilizing a fuzzy synthetic evaluation method, a Delphi method, an onsite statistical survey method and the like according to the theories of fuzzy mathematics and probability statistics, analyzing and calculating factor weight affecting the suitability of the mountainous village and town construction land and the membership degree of indexes to further obtain the relation between the affecting indexes of each stage and the suitability evaluation grades according to calculation. Analysis of a project case shows that dynamic suitability evaluation based on the geological disaster can be conducted on the suitability of the mountainous village and town construction land, a preferable technical scheme can be provided during address selection, and life property loss caused by damage of the geological disaster to the village and town construction land in the use process can be avoided.

The invention relates to a leaking stoppage and drainage method for a tunnel crossing a water-rich area. The method comprises the following construction steps of (1) performing hollow grouting anchor rod construction in a surrounding rock area needing leaking stoppage, and selecting an area with larger water yield for grouting and leaking stoppage; (2) repairing cracks on the surface of the surrounding rock area; (3) fully laying internal drainage grids on the surrounding rock area needing leaking stoppage, and fixedly connecting the internal drainage grids with hollow grouting anchor rods; (4) performing primary support construction; (5) forming a drainage channel in an inverted arch primary support area, forming side drainage grooves at the two sides of the tunnel, and arranging automatic water pumping mechanisms in the side drainage grooves; (6) digging a central drainage groove in the middle of the inverted arch primary support area, and arranging an automatic water pumping mechanism in the central drainage groove; and (7) performing secondary supporting construction on the whole tunnel. According to the method disclosed by the invention, a manner of simultaneously performing leaking stoppage and draining is adopted, so that geological disasters such as tunnel water burst can be effectively prevented while the safety of tunnel excavation construction is ensured, and the construction progress of the tunnel is accelerated.

The invention relates to a tunnel surrounding rock geological classification information prediction method based on a Bayesian neural network, and the method comprises the steps: collecting surrounding rock geological classification information of an existing tunnel and a fine collection tunnel under construction, carrying out the normalization processing, and determining the probability distribution of the tunnel surrounding rock geological classification information through Monte Carlo random analysis; preliminarily determining the number of nodes of an input layer, a hidden layer and an output layer of the Bayesian neural network model so as to establish a Bayesian neural network prediction model by utilizing the existing tunnel engineering data with similar geological information; andupdating the prediction model in real time by utilizing tunnel surrounding rock geological classification information newly obtained in the excavation process along with continuous forward advancing of the working face, and further gradually improving the prediction precision of the model. The prediction method provided by the invention has good universality and high prediction precision, can makeeffective judgment on geological classification information of an unknown section in front of tunnel excavation in advance, and is suitable for prediction of geological classification information ofmost tunnel surrounding rocks.

The invention discloses a method for reconstructing an advanced support pressure evolution model of a deep stope based on DFOS strain. The method comprises the following steps: construction of a monitoring system, strain body data acquisition of advance support pressure, processing and analysis of massive strain data bodies, reconstruction of a stope advance support pressure evolution model, correction of the stope advance support pressure evolution model and the like. In the method for reconstructing an advanced support pressure evolution model of a deep stope based on DFOS strain, a BOTDR technology in a DFOS technology is adopted; a strain state of a rock stratum in a certain depth range of a stope bottom plate is dynamically captured in a coal seam stoping process; the two-dimensionalgeological model of advance support pressure distribution in the mining process is established, the method has the advantages of being high in applicability and convenient and fast to operate, and good safety guarantee can be provided for preventing roadway surrounding rock instability, rock burst, coal and gas outburst and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of fillers, and particularly relates to a phosphorus-based salt mine goaf filler prepared from ardealite solidification salt waste. The phosphorus-based salt mine goaf filler is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of ardealite, 70-85 parts of salt waste, 0-0.2 part of a retarder, and 0-0.4 part of a plasticizer. The phosphorus-based salt mine goaf filler disclosed by the invention has the benefits that the waste utilization rate is high, and phosphatizing waste and salinizing waste are used as main raw materials, so that the preparation cost is low; the coagulation time can be adjusted, and the retarder is used for adjusting the coagulation time of the filler, so that enough filling time can be obtained; the stickiness is adjustable, and the plasticizer is used for improving the stickiness of the filler, so that the requirement of a filling technology is met.

The invention discloses a three-dimensional surface deformation monitoring method fusing multi-source SAR data. According to the method, multi-source SAR images, namely ASAR data and TSX data, are fused, the ASAR data is low in spatial resolution and weak in ground object information description capability, but the ASAR data are wide in breadth, and the TSX data are very high in spatial resolutionbut narrow in breadth, so that the spatial resolution and the spatial coverage area are considered. ASAR data and TSX data are fused to carry out earth surface deformation monitoring, the two imagesare fused to achieve the purpose of advantage and disadvantage complementation, the application prospect of InSAR earth surface monitoring is expanded, and the earth surface observation cost and technical limitation are reduced. On the basis, simulation is carried out by establishing a deformation model, the three-dimensional deformation condition of the earth surface can be better and more visually obtained, and suggestions can be effectively provided for preventing geological disasters. And meanwhile, better opinions are provided for the development of the society, which is of great significance to the society and people.

The invention discloses landslide physical model test equipment under dry and wet circulation effect. The equipment comprises a box body, a reservoir water simulation system is set at one side of thebox body; an underground water level adjustor is set at the opposite side of the reservoir water simulation system; a drying system is set on the top of the box body; an artificial rainfall system isset below the drying system; the artificial rainfall system is connected with a water supply system; the drying system comprises a group of heating light bulbs and blowing equipment; the artificial rainfall system comprises a group of water supply pipes; and spray nozzles are connected with the water supply pipes. According to the equipment, a landslide test under a wet and dry alternation condition can be simulated, the test is relatively practical, and accuracy of the test is improved. According to the equipment, different targeted test schemes also can be designed, and the landslide tests under different influence factors can be simulated.