The invention discloses a preparation method of a lithium ion battery composite anode material and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. The molecular formula of the lithium ion battery composite anode material is BaNa2Ti6O14-aLi3xLa2 / 3-xTiO3(LLTO), wherein a is more than or equal to 0.1 and less than or equal to 0.4, and x is more than or equal to 0.05 and less than or equal to 0.15. The preparation method comprises the following concrete steps: putting a barium source, a sodium source and a titanium source into a ball milling tank, carrying out ball milling, then putting into a muffle furnace for pre-sintering, cooling, carrying out ball milling in a ball milling machine, sieving, then putting into the muffle furnace for roasting, cooling, and carrying out ball milling, so that an anode material precursor is obtained; and dissolving a lithium source, a lanthanum source, a titanium source and the anode material precursor into an organic solvent, stirring, then transferring into a closed reaction kettle, carrying out heat preservation, cooling, carrying out suction filtration, drying, and putting the obtained mixture into the muffle furnace to be roasted, so that the BaNa2Ti6O14-aLi3xLa2 / 3-xTiO3(LLTO) composite anode material is obtained. The preparation method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that raw material sources are wide, the operation is simple, the controllability is good, the reproducibility is high, and the obtained material is smaller in particle, uniform in particle size distribution and high in degree of crystallinity, so that preparation cost of the material is reduced and the electrochemical performance of the material is also improved.