The invention provides a coastal ecological environment information acquisition and processing system. The system comprises a floating barrel, a rotary vane, an outer ring rotating shaft, an outer ring, an inner ring, a central bracket, a bottom bracket, a magnetic block group, a hollow rotating shaft, a tubular bracket, a water quality sensing group, a bottom coil group, a bottom cover, a storage battery, a central coil, an inertia wheel, an upper coil group, an outer ring carbon brush, an outer ring electrode, a coil bracket, a vertical rod, a meteorological sensing group, an inner ring electrode, an inner ring carbon brush, an inner ring rotating shaft, a central pipe, a magnetic ball and a magnetic cylinder, the magnetic ball and the upper coil group form a vertical fluctuation power generation part, the magnetic block group and the bottom coil group form a horizontal flow power generation part, and the magnetic cylinder and the central coil form a shaking power generation part.The system is relatively simple in structure, relatively low in manufacturing cost, high in automation degree, convenient to use, stable in power supply, easy in data acquisition, good in system stability and beneficial to marine ecological environment monitoring, marine animal and plant protection and marine development and utilization.