The invention relates to a biological detection technology and aims to provide an MLPA (multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification) identification kit capable of detecting multiple pathogens causing sudden death of pigs. The kit comprises an RT (reverse transcription) and pre-amplification primer mixed liquid, a probe mixed liquid, an MLPA buffer solution, a ligation buffer solution A, a ligation buffer solution B, ligase Ligase-65, a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) mixed liquid, SALSA polymerase, negative control and positive control. Compared with the prior art, the kit has the characteristics of high throughput, good specificity and high sensitivity. The kit can detect 6 pathogens causing sudden death of pigs simultaneously and can detect 96 samples simultaneously each time by useof a full-automatic nucleic acid analyzer. Through probe design, sequence comparison and blast analysis, a probe is ensured to be only bound with a target gene. During detection, all that is requiredis to amplify a target fragment in a corresponding size from a corresponding template, and other pathogens are not amplified. The target gene is enriched through the added step of RT-PCR, and one copied target gene can be detected to the minimum.