The invention discloses a rare earth perovskite typed oxygen storage material used for the purification of automobile tail gas, belonging to the field of automobile tail gas catalyst technique. The general formula of the oxygen storage material is La1-xAxMn1-yByO3; wherein, A is one of Sr, Y, Ce, Pr or Nd; B is one of Ni, Fe, Cu or Co; x and y are mol values. The oxygen storage material provided by the invention has outstanding middle and low temperature oxygen storage performance and high temperature heat stability, can keep excellent oxygen storage performance after high temperature aging, has the testing performance which is far higher than that of ceria-zirconia oxygen storage material which is widely applied at present, meets the requirements of current automobile tail gas disposal technique on the low temperature performance and practical service life of the oxygen storage material, can replace the ceria-zirconia oxygen storage material to be applied in purification of automobile tail gas so as to widen the operation window of the purification catalyst of the automobile tail gas, and has strong generalized values. The process adopted by the rare earth perovskite typed oxygen storage material is simple, has good repeatability and is easy to realize the industrialization production.