The invention discloses an intelligent variable flow water quality control system for circulating aquaculture. The intelligent variable flow water quality control system comprises a lower computer variable flow control system, a lower computer variable flow executing system and an upper computer monitoring system, wherein the lower computer variable flow control system is formed by a water quality parameter sensor, a transmitter, a controller, a second wireless communication module, a frequency converter and an air switch, the lower computer variable flow executing system is formed by a water pump and an aerator, and the upper computer monitoring system is formed by a monitoring terminal and a first wireless communication module. The lower computer variable flow control system is used for detecting water quality parameters and outputting control signals to the lower computer variable flow executing system, and thus the rotating speed of the water pump is changed to improve the water quality; the upper computer monitoring system and the lower computer variable flow control system display and monitor the water quality parameters through wireless signal transmission, the aerator is controlled to be opened or closed according to the monitoring data, and aeration is selected to be conducted on the water of an aquaculture pool. By means of the intelligent variable flow water quality control system for circulating aquaculture, cost can be greatly saved, and energy consumption can be lowered; in addition, long-distance communication is conducted through the Internet of Things technology based on wireless communication, the water quality is monitored, and higher convenience and higher intelligence are achieved.