The invention relates to a preparation method of positive active material hollow spherical lithium manganate of a lithium ion battery, and belongs to the technical field of a chemical battery. The method comprises the steps of uniformly mixing a manganese sulfate aqueous solution with a potassium persulfate aqueous solution, adding concentrated sulfuric acid, carrying out hydrothermal reaction, then centrifuging the mixed solution, taking out solid phase, and washing and drying the solid phase to obtain spinous hollow manganese dioxide spheres; mixing soluble lithium salt and the spinous hollow manganese dioxide spheres to obtain a mixture I, ultrasonically processing, drying and burning the mixture I to obtain hollow spherical lithium manganate. The prepared spherical lithium manganate belongs to a spinel type, the diameter of the spherical lithium manganate is 0.5 to 5 micrometers, the degree of crystallinity is good, the spherical lithium manganate is mainly formed by clustering and assembling spinous nanowires, a large clearance is formed between two adjacent nanowires, a porous structure is formed inside the spherical lithium manganate, the lithium atom density is reasonable, the activity is low, the chemical stability is high, adequate contact when the lithium salt is dissolved and the lithium manganate is synthesized in the later period can be facilitated, the insertion and separation of lithium ions can be facilitated, and the electrochemical cycling reversibility and stability of the lithium ion battery can be effectively improved.