22 results about "Reductive decomposition" patented technology

The application provides a method for reducing and decomposing gypsum by using sulfur and a rotary kiln, and relates to the technical field of reducing and decomposing gypsum. The rotary kiln for reducing and decomposing gypsum comprises a kiln head, a kiln tail and a rotary kiln body obliquely arranged between the kiln head and the kiln tail. A combustion pipe is arranged on the kiln head and extends into the rotary kiln body. A gas inlet pipe and an air inlet pipe are arranged on the combustion pipe. A combustion zone and a reaction zone are sequentially arranged on the front end of the combustion pipe from near to far. First and second gas pipes for supplying sulfur vapor into the rotary kiln body are arranged on the kiln head. The gas outlet of the first gas pipe is arranged in the combustion zone. The second gas pipe is a plurality of pipes, and the gas outlets are arranged in the reaction zone and are sequentially and spacedly arranged along the axial direction of the rotary kiln body. The application makes the industrial production of preparing calcium oxide by reducing and decomposing gypsum in the rotary kiln by using sulfur feasible, and saves energy consumption.

The invention discloses a novel sodium ion low-temperature electrolyte and a sodium ion battery, and relates to the technical field of sodium ion batteries. The non-polar cosolvent is used as a first component of the electrolyte, the non-polar cosolvent is used for reducing a desolvation energy barrier of sodium ions, the ether solvent is used as a second component of the electrolyte, the ether solvent is used for providing a wider liquid temperature range and higher low-temperature ionic conductivity, and the sodium salt is used for providing cations in the electrolyte, so that the electrolyte is more stable in performance. The non-polar solvent is dichloromethane. According to the invention, dichloromethane is introduced as a non-polar eutectic base, the dichloromethane has weak solvation ability to sodium ions, the desolvation energy barrier of the sodium ions can be reduced, the reductive decomposition product of DCM may participate in formation of an inorganic interface layer rich in NaCl, and the mechanical stability and ionic conductivity of SEI are improved; therefore, the charge-discharge cycle capacity retention ratio of the battery in a low-temperature environment is improved.

This work investigates the beneficial roles of lithium bis(trimethylsilyl) phosphate (LiTMSP) which may act as a novel bifunctional additive for lithium ion batteries, in particular, LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) / graphite cells. The cycle performance of LNMO / graphite cells is significantly improved with incorporation of LiTMSP. Trimethylsilyl functional group therein can react with HF generated through hydrolysis of LiPF6 by residual water in electrolyte solution, followed by a decrease in the concentration of metal ions dissolution from the electrode. The generation of superior passivating surface film derived by LiTMSP on graphite electrode, suppressing further electrolyte reductive decomposition and deterioration / reformation caused by migrated metal ions, is confirmed. Furthermore, LiTMSP derived surface film is likely to have better lithium ions conductivity with a decrease in resistance of the graphite electrode, improving rate performance of cells. The HF scavenging and film-forming effects of LTMPS are responsible for the less polarization of cells enabling to improve cycle performance.

This application belongs to the field of alkali metal ion battery technology, and more specifically, relates to a wide-temperature-range electrolyte suitable for alkali metal ion batteries and its application. The wide-temperature-range electrolyte for alkali metal ion batteries provided in this application includes an electrolyte salt, an organic solvent, and a film-forming additive, further including a monoglyceride and a bridging solvent for dissolving the monoglyceride; the interaction between the monoglyceride and the organic solvent can inhibit the reductive decomposition of the organic solvent and suppress the co-intercalation effect between the organic solvent and alkali metal ions. By adding a monoglyceride and a bridging solvent for dissolving the monoglyceride, and through formulation optimization, this application effectively solves the problem of incompatibility between organic solvents and graphite anodes, preparing an electrolyte with wide-temperature-range performance and good compatibility with graphite anodes, ensuring stable battery operation within a wide temperature range of -40℃ to 60℃.

The nonaqueous electrolytic solution power storage element according to one aspect of the present invention comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a nonaqueous electrolyte. This positive electrode contains a positive electrode active substance containing elemental tungsten. The negative electrode contains a carbon material as the negative electrode active substance. The BET specific surface area of the negative electrode active substance is at least 4.4 m2 / g. The nonaqueous electrolytic solution contains a carboxylic acid ester and a compound having a reductive decomposition potential of no less than 0.5 V (vs. Li / Li+) but no greater than 2.0 V (vs. Li / Li+).

To suppress reductive decomposition of a nonaqueous solvent and / or a binder in initial charging of a secondary battery using a nonaqueous electrolyte.SOLUTION: A negative electrode sheet for a secondary battery using a nonaqueous electrolyte solution includes a negative electrode active material, a binder, and an SEI forming agent. A standard electrode potential of the SEI-forming agent is higher than a standard electrode potential of a nonaqueous solvent contained in the nonaqueous electrolyte solution.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

The invention provides an electrolyte and a lithium ion battery. The electrolyte comprises a non-aqueous solvent, a lithium salt and an electrolyte additive; the electrolyte additive has the following structural formula: R1-O-R2, and R1 and / or R2 are / is independently selected from a fluoroacyl group. According to the electrolyte disclosed by the invention, by adding the specific electrolyte additive, stable solid electrolyte layers can be formed on the surfaces of the positive electrode active material and the negative electrode active material, so that further oxygenolysis of the electrolyte under high voltage potential and further reductive decomposition of the electrolyte under low potential are inhibited; therefore, the cycle life of the battery is prolonged, and the high energy density of the battery is kept.

A non-aqueous electrolyte electricity storage element according to one aspect of the present invention is provided with: an electrode body having a positive electrode and a negative electrode; a non-aqueous electrolyte; and a container for accommodating the electrode body and the non-aqueous electrolyte. The positive electrode has a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material; the positive electrode has a positive electrode active material layer containing a positive electrode active material, the negative electrode has a negative electrode active material layer containing a negative electrode active material, the positive electrode active material contains tungsten element, the negative electrode active material contains graphite, and the non-aqueous electrolyte solution contains a first additive having a reductive decomposition potential of 1.5 V (vs. Li / Li +) or more. The ratio (A1 / B) of the amount of substance (A1) of the first additive contained in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution to the surface area (B) of the negative electrode active material layer is 2.0 * 10-7 mol / m2 or more.

According to the present invention, provided is a method for manufacturing sintered ore enabling the manufacture of highly reducible sintered ore, independent of a trade-off relationship between reducibility and reduction disintegration, in a reducing gas atmosphere containing hydrogen gas. In particular, the invention is characterized in that the oxygen concentration of gas supplied by a gas supply device, the added amount of powdered coke and / or anthracite to be added to sinter feed, and the firing speed satisfy (1). (1): (10+0.3×CO2+0.2×CC) / FS>1.00. In (1), CO2 is the oxygen concentration (vol%) of gas, CC is the added amount (mass%, added externally) of powdered coke and / or anthracite relative to 100 mass% of the sinter feed, and FS is the firing speed (mm / min).

The invention relates to a molten salt lithium battery, which comprises a positive electrode and a molten salt electrolyte, the positive electrode is Sb, Bi, Sn, Pb, and carbon coated Sb, Sb-Bi alloy or Sb-Sn alloy, and the molten salt electrolyte comprises LiFSA and KFSA. According to the molten salt lithium battery, the molten salt electrolyte is adopted, no organic solvent is contained, the problems of oxygenolysis of the organic solvent under high voltage and reductive decomposition of the organic solvent under low voltage are solved, the molten salt electrolyte and the positive electrode material have very good compatibility, and it is guaranteed that the constructed molten salt lithium battery has excellent electrochemical performance; the advantages of high capacity, high voltage, high efficiency, long cycle life and the like are realized. Due to the advantages, the molten salt lithium battery has a wide application prospect in the fields of large-scale energy storage and the like.

The invention discloses an application of 4-methylsulfonyl-1-cyclopentene in preparation of an electrolyte, and belongs to the technical field of supercapacitor preparation. Experiments find that 4-methylsulfonyl-1-cyclopentene can be subjected to a reduction-oxidation reaction on the surface of an electrode prior to a basic solvent in the electrolyte, and participates in formation of a more compact and stable solid electrolyte interface (SEI) membrane through reduction decomposition on the surface of a negative electrode, so that continuous decomposition of the electrolyte is effectively inhibited, side reactions are reduced, and the service life of the electrolyte is prolonged. Therefore, the electrode interface is stabilized and the interface impedance is reduced. Therefore, the 4-methylsulfonyl-1-cyclopentene can solve the technical problem of circulating diving caused by too fast increase of direct current resistance, and has the potential of serving as an electrolyte additive and preparing a super capacitor with excellent performance.

This invention discloses a method for producing calcium oxide by reducing the decomposition temperature of phosphogypsum under hydrogen and steam conditions. In this method, after removing silica impurities from the phosphogypsum by acid washing with sulfuric acid solution, the phosphogypsum is reduced and decomposed under a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain calcium sulfide solid product. Subsequently, the hydrogen is turned off and steam is introduced, and the reaction continues under these conditions to produce high-purity calcium oxide. The exhaust gas generated during this process can be dried and used as feed gas for acid production. This method uses pretreated phosphogypsum as raw material to prepare high-purity calcium oxide, simultaneously achieving phosphogypsum reduction and sulfur resource recycling. It lowers the temperature for producing calcium oxide from phosphogypsum, significantly reducing energy consumption and eliminating carbon dioxide emissions compared to existing processes. This is a key technology for the green and sustainable development of phosphogypsum. Under these process conditions, phosphogypsum can be decomposed at a low temperature of 800℃ to obtain high-purity calcium oxide, achieving a calcium hydroxide yield of over 97.22%.

The invention relates to a molten salt sodium metal battery which comprises a positive electrode and a molten salt electrolyte, the positive electrode is made of Sb, carbon-coated Sb, Sb-Bi alloy, Sb-Sn alloy or Sb-Pb alloy, and the molten salt electrolyte comprises NaFSI and KFSI. According to the molten salt sodium metal battery, the molten salt electrolyte is adopted, no organic solvent is contained, the problems of oxygenolysis of the organic solvent under high voltage and reductive decomposition of the organic solvent under low voltage are solved, the molten salt electrolyte and the positive electrode material have very good compatibility, and it is guaranteed that the constructed molten salt sodium metal battery has excellent electrochemical performance; the advantages of high capacity, high voltage, high efficiency, long cycle life and the like are realized. Due to the advantages, the molten salt sodium metal battery has a wide application prospect in the fields of large-scale energy storage and the like.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a plasma-based Cl modified silicon negative electrode and a sulfur-based all-solid-state battery, and belongs to the technical field of batteries. The preparation method comprises the following steps: placing silicon with a preset mass into a plasma chamber, modulating the pressure in the plasma chamber into a preset pressure, and inputting chlorine-containing gas into the plasma chamber; the preset pressure is kept, and redundant air in the plasma chamber is emptied; generating plasma by adopting a radio frequency source, and treating the silicon powder for preset time; the plasma acts on the chlorine active group, the plasma bombards the surface of the silicon, the chemical reaction activity of surface atoms is activated, the chlorine active group and the silicon atoms are promoted to be subjected to an in-situ bonding reaction, a Si-Cl covalent bond modification layer is constructed, and the surface Cl modified silicon negative electrode is obtained. The transfer behavior of electrons at the interface to the sulfide electrolyte is limited, and the reductive decomposition problem of the sulfide solid electrolyte is inhibited, so that the sulfenyl all-solid-state battery with good performance is constructed.

A non-aqueous electrolyte electricity storage element according to one aspect of the present invention is provided with a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and a non-aqueous electrolyte, and is characterized in that: the non-aqueous electrolyte contains a non-aqueous solvent containing a chain carboxylic acid ester and an additive that is reductively decomposed on the surface of the negative electrode; when the volume of the non-aqueous electrolyte is Ve, the void volume of the positive electrode is Vp, the void volume of the negative electrode is Vn, and the void volume of the separator is Vs, formula 1 is satisfied. (Vp + Vn + Vs) * 1.1 < = Ve... 1.

This secondary battery comprises a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and an electrolyte solution. The electrolyte solution includes a solvent containing water as a main component, and a lithium salt. The negative electrode has a negative electrode active material that includes a carbon material. The Raman spectrum of the carbon material, which is obtained by Raman spectroscopy, indicates that the peak intensity ratio between the D-band and the G-band (D / G) is 0.3 or greater. This secondary battery can suppress the reductive decomposition of the water-based electrolyte solution.

The invention relates to the technical field of electrochemical energy storage materials, in particular to a long-circulation flame-retardant electrolyte for a high-voltage lithium metal battery and a preparation method of the long-circulation flame-retardant electrolyte. According to the preparation method, fluoroethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate and 4, 5-difluoro-2, 2-bis (trifluoromethyl)-1, 3-dioxole are compounded according to a specific volume ratio, and a solvation structure in gradient distribution is constructed in a synergistic manner; the structure can preferentially induce reductive decomposition of low LUMO energy level components on the surface of the lithium metal negative electrode to form a stable solid electrolyte interfacial film rich in LiF, and growth of lithium dendrites is effectively inhibited; meanwhile, the electrolyte system has a high flash point, and the flammability risk is remarkably reduced. Finally, the oxidation-resistant voltage of the electrolyte is increased to 4.8 V or above, and the cycle life of the whole battery is prolonged by one time or above when the electrolyte is matched with a high-nickel positive electrode.

The invention discloses an inert electrolyte and a preparation method and application thereof.The inert electrolyte comprises alkali metal salt and an organic solvent, the organic solvent comprises a first solvent, and the first solvent is a methylated inert solvent; the methylation inert solvent is selected from at least one of a first organic ester compound, an organic ether compound, an organic fluorinated compound and an organic nitrile compound. Through methylation molecular engineering modification on first solvent molecules, inert methyl groups can increase inertness of the solvent molecules and coordination of anions, oxygenolysis of the positive electrode under high voltage and reductive decomposition of the negative electrode are effectively inhibited, stable and uniform interfacial films are formed on the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the positive electrode and the negative electrode are more stable. And the cycling stability of the battery under high voltage is obviously improved. Meanwhile, the electrolyte has a wide electrochemical window, efficient lithium ion transmission capacity and high wide-temperature adaptability, and the battery can keep stable cycle performance in the low-temperature environment of-20 DEG C and the high-temperature environment of 60 DEG C.

The present invention provides an all-solid-state capacitor that can improve capacitance by using an all-solid-state electrolyte, and a method for manufacturing an all-solid-state capacitor. [Solution] The all-solid-state capacitor 1 consists of a solid electrolyte layer 2 made of a solid electrolyte sandwiched between a pair of current collector layers 3, the current collector layers 3 being made of a stainless steel alloy, and a decomposition reaction layer 4 provided at the interface between the current collector layer 3 and the solid electrolyte layer 2. The all-solid-state capacitor 1 is manufactured by creating a solid electrolyte layer 2 using a solid electrolyte and a current collector layer 3 using a stainless steel alloy as the current collector, stacking the solid electrolyte layer 2 sandwiched between a pair of current collector layers 3, and further applying a voltage between the pair of current collector layers 3 in which the solid electrolyte layer 2 is sandwiched at a potential at which a reductive decomposition reaction occurs as electrochemical decomposition, thereby forming a decomposition reaction layer 4 at the interface between the solid electrolyte layer and the current collector layer by a reductive decomposition reaction.

The invention relates to a sodium ion battery based on a micron metal negative electrode and a molten salt electrolyte, the sodium ion battery comprises the micron metal negative electrode and the molten salt electrolyte, the micron metal negative electrode is a micron-sized Sb simple substance, a Sb alloy, a Sb compound or a Sb compound, and the molten salt electrolyte comprises NaFSI and KFSI. According to the sodium ion battery based on the micron metal negative electrode and the molten salt electrolyte, the molten salt electrolyte is adopted and does not contain an organic solvent, the problems of oxygenolysis of the organic solvent under high voltage and reductive decomposition of the organic solvent under low voltage are solved, and the molten salt electrolyte has high ionic conductance and low interface impedance under a high-temperature condition; and the constructed sodium ion battery has excellent electrochemical properties, including high capacity, high voltage, high efficiency, long cycle life and the like.

The invention discloses a method for separating and recovering calcium sulfide and calcium ferrite from gypsum reductive decomposition products, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment. The method comprises the following steps: mixing pyrite and gypsum, and carrying out first ball milling; roasting the ball-milled material in an inert atmosphere; mixing the roasted product with a first part of water, and carrying out secondary ball milling to obtain slurry; adding a second part of water into the slurry, carrying out aeration under the conditions of stirring and introducing CO2, and recovering hydrogen sulfide gas generated in the aeration process; after the aeration is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid containing calcium ferrite and ferroferric oxide; and reacting the recovered hydrogen sulfide gas with calcium hydroxide to obtain calcium sulfide. The method is simple in process and environmentally friendly, the pyrite is used as a reducing agent, efficient decomposition of the gypsum at the low temperature is achieved, the roasted product is effectively separated, calcium ferrite and ferroferric oxide can further serve as slag formers of an iron and steel plant, and good economic value is achieved.

The calcium sulfide preparation device comprises a tubular furnace and an activated carbon tester, a first air inlet is formed in the bottom end of the tubular furnace, the activated carbon tester is communicated with the position, close to the first air inlet, of the bottom end of the tubular furnace, an alundum tube is arranged in the activated carbon tester, and the alundum tube is communicated with the first air inlet. A first thermocouple is arranged on the inner side of the alundum tube, a second air inlet is formed in the outer side end of the alundum tube, the other end of the alundum tube is communicated with the tubular furnace, and a second thermocouple is arranged in the tubular furnace. The tubular furnace and the activated carbon tester are matched for use, the whole reaction system is controlled through gas flow, gas-solid reaction is performed, the reaction contact area is large, calcium sulfide is prepared by reacting sulfur steam with phosphogypsum, generated CaS and CaSO4 can be continuously subjected to subsequent second-step reaction to generate CaO and SO2, and the CaO is finally calcined to form qualified cement clinker, so that the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced. SO2 obtained by the reaction can be used for sulfuric acid production, is efficient and simple, and is convenient to popularize and implement.