55results about How to "Realize the purpose of treating waste with waste" patented technology

Provided is a resource recycling and treatment technology of high-concentration degradation-resistant salt-containing organic waste water.The technology comprises the following steps of the pretreatment process, the biochemical treatment process, the advanced pretreatment process, the advanced treatment process and the concentrated water treatment process.According to the technology, multiple process combinations are optimized, degradation-resistant organic matter and inorganic salts in the waste water can be removed step by step, and resource recycling of the high-concentration degradation-resistant salt-containing organic waste water is achieved on the basis of nearly zero emission; the recycling rate of produced water produced after the treatment process can reach 95% or above, and the produced water can be used as water for a production technology and replenishing water for circulating cooling water.According to the resource recycling and treatment technology of the high-concentration degradation-resistant salt-containing organic waste water, the water quality requirement of biochemical reaction inlet water is guaranteed; due to the fact that fluorine ions are removed through a fluorine removing reactor, and calcium and magnesium ions are removed through a resin softening device, the risk of inorganic salt scaling of a subsequent desalination system is greatly reduced; the risk of organic matter contamination of the subsequent desalination system is effectively reduced by means of biochemical treatment and an advanced oxidation reaction.

The invention discloses a compound biosorbent capable of greatly improving the capability of adsorbing heavy metal by waste biomasses and a preparation method thereof. The biosorbent comprises following components: particles made of crops or wood wastes and nano ferric oxide hydrate which is loaded on the surfaces of the particles and is 10-100mg / g based on iron. The preparation method of the sorbent comprises the following preparation steps: enabling a Fe (III) solution with a certain mass concentration to slowly pass through an adsorption column filled with particle-form agricultural wastes and sufficiently contacting the Fe (III) solution with solid particles; then drying the solid particles at the temperature of 40-60 DEG C for 2 hours; adding the solid particles into a Na-NaCl mixed solution to be vibrated for 12-24 hours; filtering solid substances and repeatedly washing by using 0.001M HCl solution and distilled water until the pH value is 6-8; and finally, drying the treated agricultural waste particles at the temperature of 40-60 DEG C for 12-24 hours to obtain a needed material. According to the compound biosorbent, the adsorption capacity can be increased by 2-6 times, the adsorption speed can be increased by 2-5 times and the distribution coefficient of representation adsorption selectivity is increased by 10-50 times.

The invention discloses a method for preparing water treatment filter materials with three purposes from waste red brick blocks and belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment. The invention mainly aims at the problem of hard disposal of construction waste red brick blocks. Waste brick blocks are subjected to crushing, sieving and grading treatment method to prepare filter materials with three particle specifications used in the treatment of sewage. The water treatment filter materials provided by the invention have rough surface, large specific surface area and high porosity, can be used as biological carriers, not only have filtration and adsorption effects but also have no need for sintering and no secondary pollution to the environment; and the phosphatic precipitation of the calcium and magnesium ions in the waste brick blocks can remove phosphate in water phosphorus, so as to turn the construction waste red brick blocks into treasures.

A process for preparing the light-weight spherical porous filtering material from coal gangue includes such steps as proportionally mixing coal gangue, powdered coal ash, red mud generated by smelting steel and puffing agent, stirring, adding water and shaping agent, granulating, drying, high-temp sintering and natural cooling. Its advantages are no pollution and high properties of product used for treating sewage.

The invention discloses a method for removing metal ions in water by utilizing magnetically-separated steel slag tailings. The method for removing heavy metal ions from waste water by utilizing magnetically-separated steel slag tailings containing less iron content comprises the steps of grinding, drying and screening the magnetically-separated steel slag tailings, and then placing into a reactor; adding waste water (containing heavy metal ions) into the reactor, and fully mixing; and separating solid from liquid to obtain tailings, and treating to discharge water. According to the method, as a material for water treatment, the magnetically-separated steel slag tailings is low in cost, wide in sources and large in specific weight, thus being convenient to recycle, and having less possibility of causing secondary pollution. In addition, the steel slag tailings belong to solid waste, thus achieving the purpose of treating wastes with wastes after being applied into waste water treatment, and having excellent economic and environment-friendly benefits.

The invention discloses a garbage incineration fly ash filter cake modification method including: first, adding fly ash, sodium carbonate, coal ash and water into a first-stage water washing stirring tank for water washing for three times, using a vacuum filter for solid-liquid separation of filtrate and filter cake after each time of water washing; wherein filtrate separated by first time solid-liquid separation is sent into a sewage tank for subsequent wastewater treatment; the second time and third time solid-liquid separated filtrates are respectively used as the first time and second time water washing water; the third time water washing is clear water washing. The third time solid-liquid separated filter cake is a modified fly ash filter cake, due to the less looseness and smaller viscosity, the feed conveying is smooth, drying machine material attachment is reduced, the strength of material blocks formed during drying of the filter cake is small, wall scrapping is easy, and scattering is smooth, the fly ash filter cake drying process can be performed normally, the problems existed in the real engineering can be solved, and the cement kiln co processing garbage incineration fly ash technology can be improved.

The invention discloses an activating agent for a heat-stewing steel slag powder of a converter as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of chemical additives in technical fields of resource utilization of industrial waste slag building materials. The activating agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 to 60 parts of alkaline residues, 15 to 40 parts of sulphoaluminate cement, 10 to 40 parts of water-quenched slag micropowder of blast furnace, 2 to 10 parts of calcium formate, 0.5 to 1 part of ammonium alcohol polyvinyl phosphate, 0.5 to 3 parts of diethanolisopropanolamine, and 0.01 to 0.05 part of defoaming agent. Compared with the alkaline excitation or common early strength agent or grinding additive, the activating agent has the advantages that the early and later activities of the heat-stewing steel slag of the converter are obviously improved, and the comprehensive effect breaks through the existing level; a large amount of chemical byproducts of alkaline slag is utilized, the activating effect is obvious, the cost is reduced, the green and environment-friendly effects are realized, and the purpose of treating wastes by wastes is certainly realized.

The invention provides an extracting method for lead in sliver separating residues, and relates to the technical field of non-ferrous metallurgy. The method mainly comprises the following steps: adding the sliver separating residues into waste alkali liquor for pressure-leaching lead; adding lead-containing leach liquor into a vulcanizing agent for precipitating and preparing lead sulfide, and carrying out alkali liquor regeneration on lead-precipitated liquor; and returning the regenerated alkali liquor to the step 1 as leaching mother liquor for recycling. The extracting method has the characteristics of treating waste with waste, being high in lead recovery rate, low in cost, less in investment and easy to realize industrial production.

The invention discloses a method for slime fluidized bed boiler desulphurization of sludge and white slime of a papermaking factory. The method comprises the following steps: mixing the papermaking sludge with the papermaking white slime, wherein the content of water in the sludge and white slime mixture is controlled at 45-55%, and the mass ratio of the sludge to the white slime is controlled at about 1:2-3; adding water to the slime, stirring, and mixing, wherein the content of water in the slime slurry is 25-33%; and mixing the white slime and the slime mixed with the sludge through using a slime conveying machine according to a molar ratio of the calcium content in the white slime to the sulfur content in the slime of 1.4-2.4:1. The method enables the fluidized bed boiler desulphurization to be carried out through mixing the papermaking sludge with the papermaking white slime to realize a purpose that a waste is controlled by another waste.

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a process method for converting dry-method desulfurized fly ash into desulfurized gypsum. The processmethod comprises the following steps: step 1, adding water and dry-method desulfurized fly ash into an oxidation tower, and stirring to obtain a dry-method desulfurized fly ash solution; step 2, introducing the dry-method desulfurized fly ash solution into sintering machine flue gas under a stirring condition for reaction; 3, after the reaction is completed, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the solution; step 4, returning the solution prepared by solid-liquid separation to an oxidation tower, and feeding a separated solid into a distillation device; step 5, carrying out solid-liquid separation in a distillation device, returning distilled water vapor to the oxidation tower, and taking the left solid as desulfurized gypsum; a precipitation method can be adopted to remove calcium chloride and calcium nitrite in the solution prepared through solid-liquid separation further. According to the method, the temperature of the flue gas of a sintering machine head and the sulfur dioxidemedium in the flue gas are fully utilized to realize conversion of calcium sulfite in the dry-method desulfurization fly ash, and meanwhile, the problem of secondary pollution caused by calcium chloride and calcium nitrite is solved.

The invention relates to composite ceramsite prepared from water purification sludge and diatomite and a preparation method of the composite ceramsite and belongs to the field of inorganic nonmetallic materials. The composite ceramsite is prepared from raw materials in parts by weight as follows: 60-90 parts of water purification sludge, 20-30 parts of diatomite and 10-20 parts of calcium oxide. The preparation method of the composite ceramsite comprises preparation steps of mixing, pelletizing, drying, preheating and roasting. The water purification sludge produced in the production process of a water supply plant and waste diatomite used for auxiliary filtration in a brewery are used as raw materials, the dispose problem of the two wastes can be effectively solved, and wastes are treated by wastes by recycling.

Provided is a resource recycling and treatment technology of high-concentration degradation-resistant salt-containing organic waste water.The technology comprises the following steps of the pretreatment process, the biochemical treatment process, the advanced pretreatment process, the advanced treatment process and the concentrated water treatment process.According to the technology, multiple process combinations are optimized, degradation-resistant organic matter and inorganic salts in the waste water can be removed step by step, and resource recycling of the high-concentration degradation-resistant salt-containing organic waste water is achieved on the basis of nearly zero emission; the recycling rate of produced water produced after the treatment process can reach 95% or above, and the produced water can be used as water for a production technology and replenishing water for circulating cooling water.According to the resource recycling and treatment technology of the high-concentration degradation-resistant salt-containing organic waste water, the water quality requirement of biochemical reaction inlet water is guaranteed; due to the fact that fluorine ions are removed through a fluorine removing reactor, and calcium and magnesium ions are removed through a resin softening device, the risk of inorganic salt scaling of a subsequent desalination system is greatly reduced; the risk of organic matter contamination of the subsequent desalination system is effectively reduced by means of biochemical treatment and an advanced oxidation reaction.

The invention provides a cement-based adsorbent, and a preparation method and application thereof, belonging to the field of adsorbent preparation. The cement-based adsorbent provided by the inventionis prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of cement, 5-12 parts of fly ash powder, 1.5-16 parts of calcium hydroxide, 0.1-2 parts of graphene oxide powder, 0.5-3 partsof a polycarboxylate superplasticizer, 0.3-1 part of a foaming agent and 25-87 parts of water. The surface of added graphene oxide contains a large number of oxygen-containing functional groups, so the graphene oxide can be complexed with heavy metal ions; an added calcium hydroxide solution can modify fly ash, so the surface activity of the fly ash is increased and the adsorption efficiency of the cement-based adsorbent to high-concentration heavy metal ions is improved; and the modified fly ash and graphene oxide can improve the pore structure of the cement-based adsorbent, reduce the porosity of the cement-based adsorbent and effectively enhance the strength, toughness and durability of the cement-based adsorbent.

The invention relates to a method for simultaneously removing sulfur dioxide from flue gas and organic pollutant from waste water, and belongs to the technical field of environmental protection and comprehensive utilization. The method comprises the steps of: adding a photocatalyst into the waste water which contains the organic pollutant, and performing even mixing to obtain a mixed aqueous solution system; and introducing the sulfur dioxide-containing flue gas into the mixed aqueous solution system at a constant speed, controlling the pH value of the reaction system at 6-10 by using alkalinematter, and performing a reaction for 60-180 minutes to obtain gas without sulfur and water without the organic pollutant. Through the method, sulfur dioxide in the flue gas and the organic pollutantin the waste water can be removed simultaneously, so that waste control by waste is achieved.

The invention discloses a ceramsite material with high proportion of coal ash for water treatment. The material comprises 85% of the coal ash, 10.5% of dewatered sludge, 0.5% of clay and 4% of desulfurization gypsum, wherein the porosity reaches 55.86%, and the specific surface area reaches 3.16m<2> / g. The stacking density of the ceramsite material with high proportion of the coal ash for the water treatment is 0.49g / cm<3>, the apparent density is 0.11g / cm<3>, the sum of the breakage ratio and the wear ratio is 1.14, and the solubility in hydrochloric acid is 1.98, namely each index can meet the requirements of each item specified in Ministry of Construction ''Artificial Ceramsite Filter Material for Water Treatment'' CJ / T299-2008; and especially the sum of the breakage ratio and the wear ratio and the solubility in the hydrochloric acid reaches the standard, so the strength performance of the ceramsite material with high proportion of the coal ash is stable. If the ceramsite material with high proportion of the coal ash is applied to the water treatment, the treatment of the wastes by using the wastes can be achieved.

The invention discloses a continuous-leaching bioleaching device and method for red mud. The device sequentially comprises a batching tank, a leaching tank, a coagulating tank and a settling tank according to a connecting sequence, wherein a red mud power charge tube and a nutrient solution charge tube are arranged on the batching tank; an inoculating cover and a gas exhaust hole are arranged on the leaching tank; a pH value monitor, a dissolved oxygen monitor, a temperature control device and an aeration device are arranged inside the leaching tank; a stirring device is arranged in each of the batching tank, the leaching tank and the coagulating tank; a filter residue discharge tube on the bottom of the settling tank is connected with a plate-and-frame filter press; and compression leachate is connected with an inlet of the coagulating tank. The continuous-leaching bioleaching device takes aspergillus niger as a leaching strain, takes a continuous leaching mode as a leaching mode, andcan be used for large-scale production; mycelia of the leaching strain can be in sufficient contact with red mud particles, so that the mechanical damage effect, on red mud particles, of the myceliais brought into play, efficient leaching for metal elements in red mud can be kept, inorganic acid does not need to add, and secondary pollution is basically avoided, so that efficient, green and low-cost leaching of noble metal elements in the red mud is realized.

The invention provides a sludge ceramsite for heavy metal wastewater treatment, and a preparation method thereof. The sludge ceramsite is porous ceramsite prepared by pelletizing and sintering mixed raw materials of river sediment, fly ash, vermiculite powder, clay and ammonium bicarbonate, mixing humic acid, isopropanol, sodium carbonate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, absolute ethyl alcohol and deionized water are mixed to prepare a mixed solution, grinding to form a slurry, and repeatedly soaking the porous ceramsite in the slurry liquid and drying. According to the modified sludge ceramsite provided by the invention, humic acid is used for modifying the ceramsite, so the specific surface area is large, the modified sludge ceramsite has very strong adsorbability to heavy metals Pb, Cd, Cu and the like and stable adsorption rate, can be recycled for multiple times, does not cause secondary pollution, can be widely applied to heavy metal wastewater treatment, and realizes resourceutilization of river sediment, and the purpose of treating waste with waste is achieved.

A macadamia nut shell / pecan nut shell biocarbon is a high-adsorption-performance biocarbon prepared through anaerobic pyrolysis of raw materials comprising macadamia nut shells and pecan nut shells; the macadamia nut shells and the pecan nut shells are crushed and sieved, and are uniformly mixed according to a certain mass ratio, a dilute hydrochloric acid solution is added to immerse the obtained mixture, the mixture is immersed for 24h, a cesium nitrate solution is added, the obtained mixture is uniformly stirred, is sealed, and stands for 12h, and then the mixture is naturally air-dried. The naturally-dried biomass undergoes high-temperature anaerobic pyrolysis to prepare the biocarbon. The biocarbon can effectively reduce the content of Pb, Cr, Zn and Cu in water, and makes the highest removal rates of Pb, Cr, Zn and Cu in water reach 86.8%, 89.3%, 87.1% and 83.9% respectively.

The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment method for glyphosate wastewater. Pollutant factors are removed from phosphoric wastewater and aluminiferous wastewater, generated from different technical processes for IDA-route glyphosate synthesis of a preparation process which takes diethanolamine as a starting raw material and contains a dehydrogenation catalyst, through interaction. According to the method disclosed by the invention, through adjusting and optimizing technical control key points such as material proportion, pH and reaction temperature, carrying out dephosphorizing by using sodium metaaluminate wastewater instead of a dephosphorizing agent so as to produce aluminum phosphate precipitates and removing the aluminum phosphate precipitates, not only can a better phosphorus and aluminum removing effect be achieved, but also the aim of treating the waste with the waste is achieved. The method has the advantages of environment-friendliness, economizing and the like.

The invention provides a comprehensive utilization method of acid-making flue gas produced in a gold smelting plant. The comprehensive utilization method comprises the following steps: treating cyanide pulp with acid-making waste gas; absorbing sulfur dioxide in lower-concentration acid-making waste gas with a sodium hydroxide solution to produce a high-concentration sodium sulfite solution; removing cyanide from the cyanide pulp produced in the gold smelting plant under the synergistic effect of the sodium sulfite solution and the air; performing filter pressing on the treated pulp; recycling clear liquid produced by filter pressing into a production process flow of the gold smelting plant; piling and storing filter residues in a tailing pond after the filter residues reach a general industrial solid waste standard. The comprehensive utilization method has the advantages of simple process flow, stable treatment effect, high pollutant removing rate, low running cost and low building cost; meanwhile the aim of treating waste by waste is fulfilled.

The invention relates to a method for simultaneously extracting aluminum oxide from two aluminum-containing waste residues of fly ash and red mud, and belongs to the technical field of solid waste comprehensive utilization. A purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems of high recycling difficulty and high cost of fly ash and red mud. According to the method, the aluminum-silicon ratio in fly ash is increased by using red mud; desulfurized gypsum or calcium sulfate, fly ash and red mud are subjected to mixed calcination to activate the fly ash so as to improve the extraction rateof aluminum oxide; sulfur trioxide and sulfur dioxide released through calcination can be recycled to prepare sulfuric acid for a subsequent acid leaching process; and calcium sulfate can be recovered during aluminum sulfate impurity removal so as to achieve the recycling of the activating agent. According to the present invention, with the method, the three kinds of solid wastes can be treated at the same time while the extraction cost can be reduced.

The invention discloses a comprehensive treatment system for waste gases and PO wastewater. The comprehensive treatment system comprises a wastewater adjusting tank, a waste gas and wastewater mixed treatment tank, a waste gas denitration tank, a wastewater electrolytic tank, an aerobiotic contact oxidation tank, a secondary sedimentation tank and a sand filtering tank, wherein the waste gas and wastewater treatment tank comprises a boiler waste gas aeration area, a mixing stirring area and a sedimentation area; aeration discs are arranged at the bottom of the boiler waste gas aeration area; the aeration discs are communicated with a boiler through a gas inlet tube and a fan; a denitration area, a demister, an activated carbon adsorption layer and an exhaust fan are sequentially arranged upwards from the bottom of the waste gas denitration tank; the wastewater electrolytic tank is of a structure with a left chamber and a right chamber, namely, a positive electrode chamber and a negative electrode chamber respectively; the bottoms of the positive electrode chamber and the negative electrode chamber are communicated; the middle and upper parts of the positive electrode chamber and the negative electrode chamber are partitioned by a partitioning plate; the positive electrode chamber and the negative electrode chamber are respectively provided with two positive and negative electrode plates; a water inlet tube is arranged at the aerobiotic contact oxidation tank; a water distribution standard pyrometric cone is arranged at the lower part of the water inlet tube; an aeration conditioning and controlling system is arranged at the lower part of the water distribution standard pyrometric cone; the aeration conditioning and controlling system comprises aeration discs, air blowers and dissolved oxygen measurement conditioning and controlling devices.

The invention belongs to the technical field of environmental engineering, and particularly relates to a method for quickly starting an A2 / O system by utilizing dredged sediment and a judgment methodfor successful starting. Dredged sediment is taken and subjected to stuffy aeration for 1-3 days, the stuffy-aerated sediment is added into an A2O+MBR reactor, the dissolved oxygen content of each tank is controlled, and a nutrient solution is continuously fed. The methods have the characteristics of resource utilization, treatment of waste with waste, high pollutant removal rate and excellent sludge performance. Continuous culturing is conducted for 5 days or more, sludge water in an aerobic tank is taken for 2-3 times every day, indicator organisms are observed under a microscope, the numberof immobilized ciliates and rotifers is recorded, the average number of the immobilized ciliates and the average number of the rotifers in 1ml of the sludge water in the aerobic tank are calculated,and when the number of the immobilized ciliates is continuously more than or equal to 800 for three times and the number of otifers is more than or equal to 45 and less than or equal to 150, it is indicted that the reactor is started successfully. The judgement method can rapid and directly reflect the change of the environment and the starting process of the reactor, and the process is guided intime.

The invention discloses a microbial fuel cell wastewater treatment system which comprises an iron-carbon pool, a cathode chamber, an iron-carbon reduction pool and an anode chamber, a water inlet pipeis arranged above the iron-carbon pool, an aeration device is arranged at the bottom of the iron-carbon pool, multiple iron-carbon filler layers are arranged in the iron-carbon pool, and gaps are formed between the iron-carbon filler layers; wherein the iron-carbon pool is communicated with the cathode chamber, a cathode is arranged in the cathode chamber, the cathode chamber is communicated withthe iron-carbon reduction pool, iron-carbon filler is arranged in the iron-carbon reduction pool, a reducing agent is added into the iron-carbon reduction pool in the wastewater treatment process, the iron-carbon reduction pool is communicated with the anode chamber, and an anode is arranged in the anode chamber. And a load is arranged between the anode and the cathode.

The invention discloses a desulfurization wastewater zero-emission treatment device and method capable of collaborative demercuration, and belongs to the technical field of flue gas pollutant control.According to the device, a fly ash surface activation spraying tower is additionally arranged before an electric dust collector; fine fly ash in an ash bucket of the high-voltage electric dust collector passes through an inclined groove and enters the tower from the lower part of a throat pipe of the spraying tower; the fly ash is fluidized and moves towards the upper part of the tower under theaction of a fan at the bottom of the tower and the action of a flow field in the tower; and desulfurization waste water passes through an atomizing station and enters the fly ash surface activation spraying tower from the upper part of the throat pipe. Compared with the existing demercuration technology, the demercuration technology disclosed by the invention overcomes the defect that the operation cost of the activated carbon injection demercuration technology is high, the adsorption effect of activated fly ash on Hg<0> is effectively utilized on the basis of realizing zero emission of wastewater, and the content of Hg<0> in flue gas is reduced.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-temperature CO2 adsorbent by utilizing dredging dianchi lake sediment. The method comprises the following steps: utilizing the dredging dianchi lake sediment as a silicon source and LiNO3 as a lithium source; mixing by using a solid phase method and calcining at a specific temperature to prepare a Li4SiO4-based high-temperature CO2 adsorbent. The adsorbent has superior CO2 adsorption performance at the temperature of 650 to 850 DEG C and has good cyclic stability under the conditions of variable temperature and variable pressure. The preparation method has the advantage that the cost of the Li4SiO4-based high-temperature CO2 adsorbent is reduced; in addition, a new way for disposing the sediment is provided for achieving the aim of treating wastes with wastes.

The invention discloses a preparation method of modified suspended filler for an MBBR (moving bed biofilm reactor), which realizes recycling of Fenton iron mud and reduces the sewage treatment cost. The preparation method of the modified suspended filler for the MBBR comprises steps of dewatering, drying, roasting, crushing and injection molding. The invention aims to provide the preparation method of the modified suspended filler for the MBBR and a product prepared with the preparation method. The iron mud is taken as a raw material of the modified biological filler, so that the modified filler has certain magnesium and charge property, accordingly, the microbial biofilm formation speed, the hydrophilcity and the biological affinity are greatly improved, iron in the iron mud can be recycled, and the purpose of treating waste with waste is achieved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of dye wastewater treatment, and particularly discloses a dye adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the dye adsorbent comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing pichia pastoris residues dried to constant weight with a CTAB solution according to a certain proportion, carrying out chemical modification treatment to obtain modified pichia pastoris, and using the modified pichia pastoris as an adsorbent for treating dye wastewater; and adding the modified pichia pastoris into dye wastewater, and stirring for dye adsorption. The modified pichia pastoris has efficient adsorption and decolorization effects on dye wastewater, and the dye decolorization rate can reach 95% or above. According to the present invention, the industrial waste yeast residue is modified with the surfactant CTAB so that the excellent dye adsorption performance is provided, the dye adsorbent is used for adsorption decolorization of dye wastewater in printing and dyeing industry, the method is simple, the cost is low, the benefit is good, the purpose of treating the waste with the waste is achieved, the yeast is non-toxic and harmless to the environment, the degradation is easy, the secondary pollution is avoided, and wide application prospects are realized.