The invention discloses a non-isolated direct-current converter type differential three-level inverter. The circuit structure of the inverter consists of a power supply, an input filter, two bidirectional three-level direct-current converters, an output filter and an alternating current load, wherein the bidirectional three-level direct-current converters are connected in a differential way, i.e. input ends are connected in parallel and output ends are connected in series. By the inverter, the function of converting unstable and low-quality direct-current voltage into stable and high-quality sine alternating-current voltage as required can be realized. A circuit topology family of non-isolated direct-current converter type differential three-level inverters, including Boost type, Buck type, Buck-Boost type, Cuk type, Sepic type and Zeta type, is obtained by changing the type of the bidirectional three-level direct-current converters. The inverter has the characteristics of simple circuit topology, capability of adapting to wider voltage input range, bidirectional power current, single-stage conversion, small volume, light weight, low cost, simple control, high conversion rate, high load adaptability, high dynamic performance and the like, and is applied to a high-voltage input occasion.