The invention discloses a high-speed collection board based on electronic filtering technology, and a collection processing method. The collection board comprises an ARM chip, a client, a server, a pre-amplifier, a follower, a differentiating circuit, a first stage amplifier, a second stage amplifier, a reverse amplifier, an analog-digital converter, an FPGA and a GPU, wherein the pre-amplifier, the follower, the differentiating circuit, the first stage amplifier, the second stage amplifier, the reverse amplifier, the analog-digital converter, the FPGA and the GPU are sequentially connected. The FPGA and the GPU are connected to the client through a serial port and the ARM chip, and the client transmits an instruction to the FPGA or the GPU, and controls the processing process of a pulse signal. The client and the server carry out the bidirectional communication through a network. The collection board makes the most of the GPU to support floating calculation, and is high in programmability. The collection board achieves the multi-thread calculation, and is high in calculation speed. The collection board is high in data transmission speed. In order to solve a problem of pulse accumulation, the method provides the reliable hardware basis. The collection board can overcome the technical difficulty of pulse accumulation, improves the utilization rate of the pulse signals, and finally improves the detection precision of a system.