The invention relates to a gantry type manipulator removable spinal surgery robot. The gantry type manipulator removable spinal surgery robot comprises an operation table, X-direction guide control devices are arranged on two sides of the operation table in pairs, main swing arms are installed on the X-direction guide control devices through a main connecting base, main push bars are further installed on the main connecting base, each main push bar is connected to the lower end of each main arm to push the main arm to swing, the upper end connected with the main swing arms, of the main connecting base is connected with main positioning locks, a Y-direction guide device is further connected onto the main swing arms, a Z-direction guide control device is connected onto the Y-direction guide device, and main gantry manipulators are formed. The robot can map the surface coordinates of vertebrae in vitro, which is convenient to collect coordinate data of the bone surface accurately and rapidly, random switching of orthopaedic powder, pliers, soft tissue resection tools and other instruments can be realized through a drum instrument bank under the condition of 'heavy load', and precision operation of various different spinal surgery can be completed in the whole process; the advantages of large bearing capacity, good rigidity, dexterous structure, strong expansibility and the like are achieved.