The invention discloses a long-acting dust sealing agent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of dust sealing agents. The problems that an existing dust sealing agent is short in dust suppression period, prone to destroying soil and the like are solved. The dust sealing agent is composed of 30-50 parts of plant cellulose, 10-30 parts of polycaprolactone, 13-18 partsof sodium lignin sulfonate, alginate, polyfumaric acid, starch grafted acrylate, sodium carbonate, starch modified polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl starch and deionized water. The preparation method comprises the steps: adding sodium lignin sulfonate into deionized water to adjust the pH value of the solution to 8-9; adding plant cellulose and polycaprolactone into the solution, sequentially addingpolyfumaric acid, starch grafted acrylate, sodium carbonate and starch modified polyacrylamide, uniformly mixing, adjusting the pH value to be neutral, and then adding carboxymethyl starch; and filtering the obtained solution by a microfiltration membrane, and carrying out spray drying. The long-acting dust sealing agent can be used for roads, mining areas and other places with serious dust raising.