694results about How to "Wide choice" patented technology

A method of manufacturing improved thin-film solar cells entirely by sputtering includes a high efficiency back contact / reflecting multi-layer containing at least one barrier layer consisting of a transition metal nitride. A copper indium gallium diselenide (Cu(InXGa1-x)Se2) absorber layer (X ranging from 1 to approximately 0.7) is co-sputtered from specially prepared electrically conductive targets using dual cylindrical rotary magnetron technology. The band gap of the absorber layer can be graded by varying the gallium content, and by replacing the gallium partially or totally with aluminum. Alternately the absorber layer is reactively sputtered from metal alloy targets in the presence of hydrogen selenide gas. RF sputtering is used to deposit a non-cadmium containing window layer of ZnS. The top transparent electrode is reactively sputtered aluminum doped ZnO. A unique modular vacuum roll-to-roll sputtering machine is described. The machine is adapted to incorporate dual cylindrical rotary magnetron technology to manufacture the improved solar cell material in a single pass.

Non-aqueous alkali metal (e.g., Li) / oxygen battery cells constructed with a protected anode that minimizes anode degradation and maximizes cathode performance by enabling the use of cathode performance enhancing solvents in the catholyte have negligible self-discharge and high deliverable capacity. In particular, protected lithium-oxygen batteries with non-aqueous catholytes have this improved performance.

An Internet business transaction processor of the present invention has a distributed processing architecture which allows the processing load to be distributed among multiple parallel servers. The transaction processor of the present invention provides a virtual store front utilizing “others people's warehouse” approach by using a dynamic distributor selection processing system to select among a plurality of distributors based on flexible rule-based algorithm. Furthermore, a multi-level fraud check processing system allows orders to be processes that would otherwise be discarded to generate a higher yield in sales.

Lightwave diffraction device formed of a dielectric layer (4), a mirror (12) arranged at the lower face (10) of said layer, a semi-reflective structure (13) arranged at the upper face (100) of said layer, and a diffractive structure (8) arranged in said layer or on its faces. The height (H) of the layer is chosen so as to substantially satisfy the resonance condition for at least one leaky mode propagating in said layer for at least one given incident wave having a determined wavelengthλ and a determined incidence angle θc. Next, the diffractive structure is arranged so that there is no propagating positive diffracted order, and so that all negative orders other than the −1st propagating order have zero or a relatively small diffraction efficiency, the reflected −1st order propagating in a direction non-parallel to the incident wave. This diffraction device allows a high diffraction efficiency of up to 100% for the −1st order.

A semiconductor light emitting device includes a semiconductor light emitting portion having a first contact layer of a first conductivity, a second contact layer of a second conductivity and an active layer sandwiched between the first and second contact layers. The device further includes a transparent electrode which substantially entirely covers a surface of the second contact layer in ohmic contact with the surface of the second contact layer and is transparent to a wavelength of light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting portion, and a metal reflection film which is opposed to substantially the entire surface of the transparent electrode and electrically connected to the transparent electrode, and reflects the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting portion and passing through the transparent electrode toward the semiconductor light emitting portion.

This invention relates to in-situ preparation of the derivatives of various hydroxy acids (HA), such as alpha-(Alpha) Hydroxy Acids (AHA), beta-(Beta) Hydroxy Acids (BHA), and Poly-Hydroxy Acids (PHA) with certain skin beneficial organic hetero-atom bases and their application in skin resurfacing (exfoliation), and in the synergistic treatment and regulation of topical disorders of skin such as skin aging, wrinkles, acne, rosacea, age-spots, canker sores, striae distensae (stretch marks), pimples, skin redness, and dry skin conditions of cracking, flaking, and scaling. Most HA derivatives produced by the in-situ method do not cause skin irritation and skin redness effects that are commonly experienced with AHA and BHA, yet there is no loss of their skin beneficial effects. These compositions can be traditional water and oil emulsions, liposomes, suspensions, colloids, solutions, masks, muds, serums, sprays, gels, lotions, creams, cleansers, and anhydrous systems, thus offering a wide choice of formulations to meet their consumer appeal and acceptance requirements.

Use of rights-managed content is enabled by a digital license that includes the identity of the licensee. The licensee redistributes the content by sending a package containing the content and the license to another party. That other party obtains a license to use the content by contacting a license server, and preferably pays a fee for this license. During the contact with the license server, the licensee's identifying information is uploaded to the license server, which allows the license server to determine who distributed the content to the other party. The license server can use this information to reward the original licensee for having redistributed the content.

Methods and devices are provided for improved environmental protection for photovoltaic devices and assemblies. In one embodiment, the device comprises of an individually encapsulated solar cell, wherein the encapsulated solar cell includes at least one protective layer coupled to at least one surface of the solar cell and the protective layer may be formed from a substantially inorganic material. The protective layer has a chemical composition that prevents moisture from entering the solar cell and wherein light passes through the protective layer to reach an absorber layer in the solar cell.

A method and apparatus for a navigation system conducts a data search for finding relative density of objects such as points of interest in a specified area and displays the result of the search in various manners. The display method includes the steps of: defining a size and shape of a search template; scanning the search template on the search area by displacing its position by a predetermined increment; counting and recording a number of objects on the search area within the search template at every increment of the displacement position, thereby creating an object distribution matrix; applying a cluster search algorithm to the object distribution matrix, thereby detecting distribution of clusters of the objects; and displaying the clusters of the objects in the search area.

A receiving part for receiving a rod for coupling the rod to a bone anchoring element includes a receiving part body with a first end and a second end; a rod receiving portion with a channel for receiving a rod, and a head receiving portion for accommodating a head of a bone anchoring element, the head receiving portion having an open end at the second end of the receiving part body and being flexible so as to allow introduction and clamping of the head; and a locking ring configured to be positioned around the head receiving portion, wherein the locking ring can assume a first position with respect to the receiving part body in which the locking ring is latched to the receiving part body in a position where the head receiving portion is expandable to facilitate insertion of a head of a bone anchoring element, and wherein the locking ring can assume a second position with respect to the receiving part body in which the locking ring is latched to the receiving part body in a position where the locking ring compresses the head receiving portion, such that when a bone anchoring element has a head inserted in the head receiving portion, the bone anchoring element is held adjustably at a first angular position relative to the receiving part. A method for assembling a bone anchoring device includes inserting the head of the bone anchoring element into the receiving part body; and moving the locking ring and the receiving part body relative to each other until the locking ring assumes the second position with respect to the receiving part body.

A forward error correction (FEC) communication device that includes a transmitter photonic integrated circuit (TxPIC) or a receiver photonic integrated circuit (RxPIC) and a FEC device for FEC coding at least one channel with a first error rate and at least one additional channel with a second error rate, wherein the first error rate is greater than the second error rate. The TxPIC chip is a monolithic multi-channel chip having an array of modulated sources integrated on the chip, each operating at a different wavelength, wherein at least one of the modulated sources is modulated with a respective FEC encoded signal. The TxPIC also includes an integrated wavelength selective combiner for combining the channels for transport over an optical link.

There are methods of temporarily providing digital content to a customer based on a request for a desired digital content. At a point of sale, a writeable optically-readable medium may be provided with a changeable portion that, when activated, is adapted to physically change over a period of time (e.g., 3–5 days) to a degree that at least part of the medium becomes unreadable by an optical media reading machine. The desired digital content is preferably written on the medium at a point of sale based on the request. The written medium is provided to the customer. The customer pick up the medium at the point of sale, or the medium may be delivered to the customer, for example. The customer preferably need not return the medium because it will become unreadable after a period of time upon activating the changeable portion.

Capsule for the preparation of a beverage from beverage ingredients contained therein, comprising a body (2) comprising at least one compartment for receiving said beverage ingredients and a flange-like rim (4) extending outwardly and transversally to a central axis (I) of said body; a membrane (6) for closing the opening which is sealed onto the flange-like rim, an optical code (7) containing binary information configured to be read by a camera (11) of a beverage producing device (20), wherein the optical code (7) is a two-dimensional barcode having rectilinear borders (7a-7d) and which is inscribed in a circular area (8) concentric relative to the centre (O) of the membrane having a radius (R) smaller than the radius (R0) of the membrane.

Method for providing information to a user from a capsule for the preparation of a beverage in a beverage producing device (20) comprising providing a capsule with a two-dimensional barcode (7) thereon, capturing at least one image of the barcode via a digital camera (42) and displaying decoded information from said image on a display (41).

An online purchasing system has a host server with a merchant's database of products, prices, and operations, and user identifiers and accounts, linked to a banking system for tracking financial transactions. Users access the server for reviewing the merchant database and pre-selecting a subset of products defining a personalized user interface for later online purchasing activities, and storing it on the server. A thin client application for a mobile device provides for communicating with the server and receiving an XML-formatted data file defining the user's personalized user interface, and repurposing the mobile device user interface accordingly. User commands generated using the repurposed interface are sent to the server, executed, and an XML file representing the resulting update to the personalized user display is sent back to the mobile device, updating its own interface, all in real time, such that the remote execution of the command is transparent to the user.

This disclosure presents systems for total reflection x-ray fluorescence measurements that have x-ray flux and x-ray flux density several orders of magnitude greater than existing x-ray technologies. These may therefore useful for applications such as trace element detection and / or for total-reflection fluorescence analysis.The higher brightness is achieved in part by using designs for x-ray targets that comprise a number of microstructures of one or more selected x-ray generating materials fabricated in close thermal contact with a substrate having high thermal conductivity. This allows for bombardment of the targets with higher electron density or higher energy electrons, which leads to greater x-ray brightness and therefore greater x-ray flux.The high brightness / high flux source may then be coupled to an x-ray reflecting optical system, which can focus the high flux x-rays to a spots that can be as small as one micron, leading to high flux density.

The invention provides an integrated flow path chip device used for digital nucleic acid amplification. The device is composed of a vacuum system, a pipeline, a sucker, a sealing cover layer and a reaction layer, wherein two ends of the sealing cover layer are respectively provided with a sample inlet and a sample outlet; a path is formed between the sealing cover layer and the reaction layer; the reaction layer is provided with small reaction chambers; the sucker is arranged on the sample outlet; the vacuum system is connected with the sucker via a pipeline; and the sample inlet and the sample outlet are sealed by adhesive tape paper. According to the integrated flow path chip device, trace reaction samples can be distributed to thousands of small reaction chambers, and mineral oil is led in via a path in the sealing cover layer to separate thousands of small reaction chambers so as to realize the single molecule amplification and precisely quantify the nucleic acid molecules. The device is reasonable to design and is a minitype device used for digital nucleic acid amplification, which has low cost and is easy to operate.

The invention relates to light emitting devices (2) with variable output color. More specifically, the inventions provides a color conversion cell (10) which can be positioned in front of a light source (4) in order to generate other color or color temperatures. Typically the light source is a light emitting diode (LED) which is power efficient but emits in a narrow and fixed spectra. The new colors are generated by photoluminescence in fluorescent dyes contained in the cell. The color converting of the cell is electrically controllable, preferably by controlling the orientation, density or distribution of the fluorescent dyes, or by controlling a pathlength of the light in the cell.

A vascular stent carries living therapeutic cellular material. The stent in widely implantable over the vascular system, and allows either localized or systemic delivery of the therapeutic products produced by the cellular material to thereby enhance patient treatment.

This disclosure presents systems for x-ray diffraction / scattering measurements that have x-ray flux and x-ray flux density several orders of magnitude greater than existing x-ray technologies. These may therefore be useful for applications such as structural analysis and crystallography.The higher brightness is achieved in part by using designs for x-ray targets that comprise a number of microstructures of one or more selected x-ray generating materials fabricated in close thermal contact with a substrate having high thermal conductivity. This allows for bombardment of the targets with higher electron density or higher energy electrons, which leads to greater x-ray brightness and therefore greater x-ray flux.The high brightness / high flux source may then be coupled to an x-ray reflecting optical system, which can focus the high flux x-rays to a spots that can be as small as one micron, leading to high flux density.

A method of growing spatially-separated and size-controlled particles on substrate surfaces is provided. The method utilizes chemical modification of the substrate surface, an atomic layer deposition (ALD) system, providing a modified layer to the substrate surface and providing an ALD material for nanoparticle deposition. The method induces a Volmer-Weber growth method, where islands of the nanoparticles are formed on the surface. The modified layer controls a number of nucleation sites on the surface, where controlling the number of ALD cycles limits an amount of deposited the material for discrete the nanoparticles. The modified layer can include self-assembled monolayers, modified hydrophobicity of the surface, H-terminated surfaces, and varying functional groups within the modified layer, where thermally attached alkenes, photochemically attached alkenes, thermally attached alkynes or photochemically attached alkynes are attached to the H-terminated surfaces, and the density of the nucleation sites of the nanoparticles are thereby managed.

Cellulose mixed esters are disclosed having low molecular weights and low degrees of polymerization. These new cellulose mixed esters include cellulose acetate propionate and cellulose acetate butyrate. The esters exhibit solubility in a wide range of organic solvents with minimal viscosity increase, are compatible with a wide variety of resins, and are useful in coatings and inks compositions as binder resins and rheology modifiers.

The invention discloses a weather resistant anti-rust aqueous paint and preparing method, which comprises the following steps: allocating raw material with 10-40% deionized water, 30-70% waterthinnable resin emulsion, 1-10% titanium oxide particle and fitful paint adjuvant; making the even grain size of titanium oxide particle less than 1um; packing inorganic silica on the surface; dispersing deionized water, waterthinnable resin emulsion, titanium oxide particle and fitful paint adjuvant evenly to obtain the product.