The invention relates to a biomimetic catalytic carbon fiber and a preparation method thereof. The biomimetic catalytic carbon fiber is formed by combining a modified carbon fiber containing a pyridine group and metal phthalocyanine in a coordination bond way. The preparation method of the biomimetic catalytic carbon fiber comprises the following steps: dispersing a carbon fiber into a solvent under the condition that the reaction temperature is 60-100 DEG C, adding 4-aminopyridine and a condensing agent fully dissolved in the solvent, stirring and reacting for 2-48 hours, taking out the modified carbon fiber containing the pyridine group after the completion of reaction, respectively washing with a reaction solvent, N,N-dimethyl formamide, water and ethanol and drying at a temperature of 80-100 DEG C to obtain the modified carbon fiber; successively dispersing the modified carbon fiber in the solvent at a reaction temperature of 40-80 DEG C, adding metal phthalocyanine fully dissolved in the solvent, stirring and reacting for 2-48 hours, taking out the carbon fiber loaded with the metal phthalocyanine after the completion of reaction, washing with the reaction solvent, the N,N-dimethyl formamide, the water and the ethanol and drying at a temperature of 80-100 DEG C to obtain the biomimetic catalytic carbon fiber.