The invention relates to the biological fermentation technology, in particular to a compound microbial starter, and a method which uses the compound microbial starter to produce high-energy protein biological feed. The compound microbial starter selects cellulomonas sp dinitrogen, cellulomonas flavigena, condensate bacillus, lactobacillus acidophilus, bacillus subtilis, lactobacillus starch, compound enzyme bacteria, propionic acid bacteria, candida yeast, saccharomyces diastaticus, saccharomyces cerevisiae, as well as aroma-producing yeast as the bacteria sources, and makes use of the modern biotechnology to prepare various microbial agents; the microbial agents are then treated with anaerobic fermentation with the discarded sweet corn cobs, corn stalks, pea skins, abandoned vegetables and other discarded crops, so as to obtain the high-energy protein biological feed required in livestock and poultry breeding industry. The invention solves the problem of low utilization rate of crop resources; and the high-energy protein biological feed can improve the palatability of feed, increase the enzyme content of the feed, provide an effective way for developing the animal husbandry and solving the food conflicts between people and livestock, as well as reduce the pollution to the environment caused by the traditional crop waste burning.