The invention discloses a marine bioactive peptide capable of effectively relieving skin sunburn, and a preparation method and application of the marine bioactive peptide. The marine bioactive peptide is small in molecular weight, good in skin compatibility and capable of remarkably reducing apoptosis and necrosis of cells irradiated by ultraviolet rays and reducing true dermatitis exudation and elastic fibre degradation. The preparation method of the marine bioactive peptide comprises the following steps of: taking a soft part of a fresh marine shellfish, carrying out protease enzymolysis, ultrafiltration and sephadex separation, discarding the last elution single peak, respectively collecting or mixing other elution components, and performing freeze-drying to obtain the marine bioactive peptide. The method is simple, low in cost, green, environment-friendly, short in production cycle and suitable for industrial production; the prepared active peptide has the effects of preventing and repairing skin sunburn and can be applied to cosmetics and biomedical materials; the cosmetic dosage forms include cream, emulsion, gel, jelly, water aqua, mist spray and the like; and dosage forms of the biomedical material comprise lotion, solution, dressing (thin film, hydrocolloid, hydrogel, sponge and spray), ointment, injection and the like.