55 results about "Xenobiotic" patented technology

The invention provides a system and methods for the determination of the pharmacogenomic phenotype of any individual or group of individuals, ideally classified to a discrete, specific and defined pharmacogenomic population(s) using machine learning and population structure. Specifically, the invention provides a system that integrates several subsystems, including (1) a system to classify an individual as to pharmacogenomic cohort status using properties of underlying structural elements of the human population based on differences in the variations of specific genes that encode proteins and enzymes involved in the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) of drugs and xenobiotics, (2) the use of a pre-trained learning machine for classification of a set of electronic health records (EHRs) as to pharmacogenomic phenotype in lieu of genotype data contained in the set of EHRs, (3) a system for prediction of pharmacological risk within an inpatient setting using the system of the invention, (4) a method of drug discovery and development using pattern-matching of previous drugs based on pharmacogenomic phenotype population clusters, and (5) a method to build an optimal pharmacogenomics knowledge base through derivatives of private databases contained in pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies and academic research centers without the risk of exposing raw data contained in such databases. Embodiments include pharmacogenomic decision support for an individual patient in an inpatient setting, and optimization of clinical cohorts based on pharmacogenomic phenotype for clinical trials in drug development.

There is provided a method of developing a pharmacokinetic profile of an xenobiotic disposition in a mammalian tissue, the method comprising inputting mammalian-specific data into a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model, where said mammalian-specific data comprises tansporter properties related data, where said transporter properties related data reflect genetic and environmental factors associated with said mammalian; inputting xenobiotic-specific data into said PBPK model; and simulating, using said PBPK model, a pharmacokinetic profile of said xenobiotic disposition as a function of said inputted data.

The present invention relates to a functional combination preparation comprising a dihydropyridine-based calcium channel blocker such as amlodipine and an ARB (Angiotensin-2 receptor blocker) such as losartan. In particular, the present invention relates to a chronotherapeutical combination pharmaceutical formulations with controlled-release for the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular disease, which is formulated in accordance with xenobiotics and chronotherapy for enabling the two drugs to be chronotherapeutically released, thereby improving the therapeutic activity as compared to the co-administration of each drug in the form of a single pill, while reducing side effects and maintaining the therapeutic activity as high as possible at the time of day when the risk of a complication of cardiovascular disease is highest.

The present invention discloses a method of calcification-resisting modifying for the heterologous biology tissue material, in the method the tannic acid solution is used to immerse the tissue; the concentration of the tannic acid is between 1 and 6%, the pH value of the solution is between 4.0 and 6.0, the immersing temperature is between 18 and 32 DEG C, and the immersing time is between 24 and 96 hour. The method of the invention can simultaneously crosslink the collagen fiber, the elastic fiber and glycosaminoglycan in the cell epimatrix of the tissue material, reduce the degradation when the tissue is implanted to the body, compensate the insufficiency that the pentanedial only crosslinks the collagen fiber and remarkably increase the calcification-resisting capability of the material; has the effect of antibacterial and reducing the protein antigenicity, and helps to increase the calcification-resisting capability and bioavailability of the material. The intercrossed tissue material has the advantages of good biostability, reinforced biomechanical property and long service lifetime.

The present invention is a method for encapsulating active protein in a polymeric nanocarrier. The instant method employs homogenization at subzero temperatures so that enzyme activity is retained. Enzymes which can be encapsulated by the present method include, for example, antioxidant enzymes and xenobiotic detoxifying enzymes. Encapsulation of an enzyme protects it from protease degradation and increases therapeutic half-life. Advantageously, polymeric nanoparticles of the invention are permeable to enzyme substrates and therefore enzymes encapsulated by the instant method can exert their effect without release from the nanocarrier. Methods for decomposing a reactive oxygen species, protecting against vascular oxidative stress, and detoxifying a xenobiotic are also provided.

The invention discloses a biovalve crosslinking method. The method includes introducing an unsaturated group to heterogeneous biological tissues such as porcine active valves, pig pericardia and bovine pericardia into through active groups on the biological tissues such as a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group and a sulfhydryl group reacting with an unsaturated group-containing compound to obtain an unsaturated group-modified biological tissue, and then obtaining a crosslinked biological tissue by radical polymerization. The biological tissue obtained by the crosslinking method has excellent collagen and elastin stability, blood compatibility, no cytotoxicity, good mechanical properties, anti-calcification capability and low inflammatory response.

The present invention provides methods and compositions for balancing electron reduction potentials of formulations in a manner that reduces susceptibility to changes from xenobiotics. The present invention also provides novel compositions of matter based on structuring from a mobile nucleotide integral to its architecture.

The invention provides a non-invasive technique for the detection and quantification of the immune repertoire, in a biological sample containing a plurality of distinct cell populations. Methods are conducted using sequencing technology to detect and enumerate immune repertoire within a heterogeneous biological sample.

The present invention is directed to methods for detecting the presence of genetic polymorphisms that correlate with altered gene expression. More specifically, the present invention is directed to methods for detecting the genetic polymorphisms located in the UGT1A1 promoter. The invention also provides methods for optimizing drug dosages based upon the presence of the polymorphisms. The invention further provides methods of predicting sensitivity to xenobiotics and diagnostic kits for detecting genetic polymorphisms.

A method of evaluating the effect of a xenobiotic on biomarkers, such as drug transporters and drug-metabolizing enzymes in hepatocytes is provided. The method comprises the formation of a xenobiotic-stimulated biological sample, such as whole blood, which contains a plurality of cytokines. A portion of xenobiotic-stimulated biological sample is cultured with hepatocytes. The hepatocytes are then analyzed to evaluate the activity of drug transporters and / or drug-metabolizing enzymes, or other biomarkers to determine the effect of the xenobiotic on drug metabolism in the hepatocytes.

The present invention relates to a chronotherapeutic combination pharmaceutical formulation, which is designed to control the release of each ingredient of the combined drug in a predetermined rate based on the principle of the so-called chronotherapy and xenobiotics, where drugs are administered to exhibit pharmacological activities at predetermined time intervals. The formulations of the present invention comprise a dihydropyridine, and a statin, as active ingredients. The formulations are structured and arranged such that the respective release rates of the above ingredients can be controlled, thereby reducing or preventing antagonistic effects and side effects resulting from the interaction of the above ingredients, while maintaining the synergistic effect, and providing easy medication.

The present invention is a method for encapsulating active protein in a polymeric nanocarrier. The instant method employs homogenization at subzero temperatures so that enzyme activity is retained. Enzymes which can be encapsulated by the present method include, for example, antioxidant enzymes and xenobiotic detoxifying enzymes. Encapsulation of an enzyme protects it from protease degradation and increases therapeutic half-life. Advantageously, polymeric nanoparticles of the invention are permeable to enzyme substrates and therefore enzymes encapsulated by the instant method can exert their effect without release from the nanocarrier. Methods for decomposing a reactive oxygen species, protecting against vascular oxidative stress, and detoxifying a xenobiotic are also provided.

A novel nuclear receptor, termed the steroid and xenobiotic receptor (SXR), a broad-specificity sensing receptor that is a novel branch of the nuclear receptor superfamily, has been discovered. SXR forms a heterodimer with RXR that can bind to and induce transcription from response elements present in steroid-inducible cytochrome P450 genes in response to hundreds of natural and synthetic compounds with biological activity, including therapeutic steroids as well as dietary steroids and lipids. Instead of hundreds of receptors, one for each inducing compound, the invention SXR receptors monitor aggregate levels of inducers to trigger production of metabolizing enzymes in a coordinated metabolic pathway. Agonists and antagonists of SXR are administered to subjects to achieve a variety of therapeutic goals dependent upon modulating metabolism of one or more endogenous steroids or xenobiotics to establish homeostasis. An assay is provided for identifying steroid drugs that are likely to cause drug interaction if administered to a subject in therapeutic amounts. Transgenic animals are also provided which express human SXR, thereby serving as useful models for human response to various agents which potentially impact P450-dependent metabolic processes.

A method or process to increase the production of products of interest in plant material including plant cultures, such as, for example, cell suspension cultures, root cultures, and hairy root cultures is provided. In one embodiment, the method is to contacting the plant material with a precursor or xenobiotic when producing a product of interest from a plant. In another embodiment the plant material is also contacted with a trapping agent. The process may also provide for contacting an elicitor of the product of interest with the plant material. An embodiment provides for contacting an elicitor, precursor and trapping agent with the plant material. The ability to produce novel compounds such as glucosides and glucuronides is provided.

An object of the present invention is to provide a PHA-producing microorganism which can assimilate sucrose, and a method for producing a PHA by culturing this microorganism, using sucrose as a carbon source. A PHA-producing microorganism, comprising a PHA synthase gene, and heterogeneous-organism-derived genes in the following items (1) and (2): (1) a sucrose hydrolase gene encoding an amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 1, or a gene encoding a polypeptide which has a sequence homology of 90% or more to the amino acid sequence and which has sucrose hydrolase activity; and (2) a sucrose permease gene encoding an amino acid sequence described in SEQ ID NO: 2, or a gene encoding a polypeptide which has a sequence homology of 90% or more to the amino acid sequence and which has sucrose permease activity. The invention is also a method for producing a PHA, including the step of culturing this microorganism in a medium including sucrose as a carbon source.

The invention relates to a detection of four sites of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) which are arranged on two human body xenobiotics metabolismenzyme genes including ABCG2 and CYP2E1 and which are associated with the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The invention also can use four sites of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) to forecast the liability of systemic lupus erythematosus and to determine the drug to cure the systemic lupus erythematosus. The information provided by the invention is helpful for preventing systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and for developing effective new treatments.

The invention discloses a method of simply, easily and efficiently lowering the content of magnesium in salt lake brine. The method comprises the following steps of adding excessive water-soluble hydroxide in the salt lake brine, and uniformly stirring, wherein the molar weight of introduced hydroxy radicals is at least 1.5 times of theoretical amount for completely precipitating Mg<2+>; standing for precipitation, and carrying out solid-liquid separation, wherein a filtrate is brine with low magnesium content. The method provided by the invention is simple in treatment technology and convenient to operate and can be implemented in the salt lake field, so that the transportation cost is greatly lowered. By adopting the method, excessive xenobiotics cannot be introduced in a salt lake region, and magnesium hydroxide as a by-product is also a resource with a great value and is environment-friendly; and the magnesium removal efficiency is high, the lithium loss is low, the filtrate after solid-liquid separation can be directly used for preparing lithium carbonate and is particularly suitable for batch magnesium-lithium separation of plateau salt lakes in a large scale.

Agents that stimulate nuclear translocation of Nrf2 protein and the subsequent increases in gene products that detoxify and eliminate cytotoxic metabolites are provided in a method for treating diabetic retinopathy or drusen formation in age-related macular degeneration. The structurally diverse agents that act on the Nrf2 / ARE pathway induce the expression of enzymes and proteins that possess chemically versatile cytoprotective properties and are a defense against toxic metabolites and xenobiotics. Agents include certain electrophiles and oxidants such as a Michael Addition acceptor, diphenol, thiocarbamate, quinone, 1,2-dithiole-3-thione, butylated hydroxyanisole, flavonoid other than genistein, an isothiocyanate, 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxytoluene, ethoxyquin, a coumarin, combinations thereof, or a pharmacologically active derivative or analog thereof.

The invention discloses application of GAD67 and an epigenetic mark thereof which serve as early markers of fetal-original bipolar affective disorder susceptibility, and belongs to the field of gene functions and application. Research results show that in hippocampi and white blood cells of fetal rats in a pregnancy ethanol exposure group, compared with a normal control group, the methylation level of a GAD67 promoter region is significantly reduced, and the gene expression of the GAD67 promoter region is improved; after growing up, the rats in the xenobiotic exposure group show high hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis stress sensibility and bipolar affective disorder susceptibility under the condition of chronic unpredictable stress. Therefore, risks that offspring have bipolar affective disorder after growing up can be judged by detecting the epigenetic modification and expression levels of the GAD67 genes in the white blood cells of fetal blood / umbilical cord blood. Research bases are provided for an early warning technology of the fetal-original bipolar affective disorder, and meanwhile, possibilities are provided for effectively treating the fetal-original bipolar affective disorder in early stages.

An emulsion of perfluoroorganic compounds (PFOC) comprises a rapidly eliminable perfluorocarbon (PFC) and a slowly eliminable perfluorinated cyclic tertiary amine, perfluoro-N-4-(methylcyclohexyl)-piperidine and additionally comprises not less then three rapidly eliminable and three slowly eliminable PFOC admixtures with the critical temperature of dissolution in hexane (CTDH) close to that of main PFOC. The PFOC emulsion is stabilized with a polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene copolymer having low viscosity to provide high dynamic oxygen capacity and enhancing oxygen delivery to tissues. To prepare the emulsion the stabilizing agent is heated up to 75° C., all components are saturated with carbon dioxide gas to minimize the reactogenicity in intravessel injection as a means of compensation for mass blood loses, perfusion of organs cut of blood flow, treating air-and fat embolism, obliterating vascular injuries of extremities and preventing toxic injuries caused by various xenobiotics.

The invention provides a method for preparing a heterogeneous biological amniotic membrane product. The method comprises the following main steps of 1, placenta acquisition and peeling; 2, cleaning sterilization and fixation; 3, irradiation inactivation; 4, packaging and program freezing. Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages that the product related derives from heterogeneous mammals (including pigs, cattle, sheep and the like), and raw materials are controllable and scalable; animal-derived materials are subjected to non-destructive treatment, and a natural amniotic membrane structure and active ingredients are maintained as much as possible; under the protection of preservation liquid with specific functions, the sterilization and inactivation of the product are achieved by irradiation, and the safety and effectiveness of the product are both achieved. The method brings a novel solution to the raw material source and standardization problem of the biological amniotic membrane product, and also provides a reference method and technical way for the high value reuse of the traditional animal husbandry biological waste.

The present disclosure provides an in vitro reagent for evaluating xenobiotic metabolism in a cell culture based assay. The in vitro reagent is an admixture of a cell culture medium and isolated intestinal mucosa comprising villi wherein the intestinal mucosa was eluted from a lumen of the intestine. The isolated mucosa comprises metabolically competent cells. Addition of a xenobiotic test compound to the in vitro reagent allows metabolism of the test compound by the isolated intestinal mucosa comprising villi.

Detection of phenols using engineered bacteria. A biosensor can be created by placing a reporter gene under control of an inducible promoter. The reporter gene produces a signal when a cognate transcriptional activator senses the inducing chemical. Creation of bacterial biosensors is currently restricted by limited knowledge of the genetic systems of bacteria that catabolize xenobiotics. By using mutagenic PCR to change the chemical specificity of the Pseudomonas species CF600 DmpR protein, the potential for engineering novel biosensors for detection of phenols has been demonstrated. DmpR, a well-characterized transcriptional activator of the P. CF600's dmp operon mediates growth on simple phenols. Transcription from Po, the promoter heading the dmp operon, is activated when the sensor domain of DmpR interacts with phenol and mono-substituted phenols. By altering the sensor domain of the DmpR, a group of DmpR derivatives that activate transcription of a Po-lacZ fusion in response to eight of the EPA's eleven priority pollutant phenols has been created. The assays and the sensor domain mutations that alter the chemical specificity of DmpR is described.

Processes are provided for establishing a virtual physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model in a population comprised of a plurality of individual subjects that has been or may be exposed to a xenobiotic molecule. The processes are derived from the identification of an abundance of a protein that is involved in absorption; distribution; localization; biotransformation; and excretion of the xenobiotic molecule from a liquid biopsy of corresponding cell free RNA. Personalised PBPK models for precision dosing, as well as methods of treatment are also provided.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide: detergent-free decellularization method of xenogenic biological tissues for human body surgery, in which the pericardium, blood vessels, other membrane-like biological tissues, and the like are decellularized so as to have resistance to mechanical property loss, mineralization and immune reactivity; and decellularized tissue. Decellularized tissue, according to the present invention, when compared to untreated tissue, has greater calcification reduction in vivo, blood compatibility and biocompatibility improvement, tissue thickness reduction, and increases in tensile strength, kink resistance and the like.