153results about How to "Abundant specific surface area" patented technology

The invention discloses a preparation method of PtRu/graphene nano electro-catalyst, comprising the following steps of: ultrasonically dispersing oxidized nano graphite sheets into liquid polylol; then adding a chloroplatinic acid solution and a sodium acetate solution, sufficiently mixing, wherein the content of the oxidized nano graphite sheets contained in a mixture is 0.3-1.1 g/L, the concentration of chloroplatinic acid is 0.0004-0.002 mol/L, the concentration of ruthenium chloride is 0.0004-0.0013 mol/L, and the concentration of sodium acetate is 0.005-0.027 mol/L; transferring the mixture to a microwave hydro-thermal reaction kettle for microwave hydro-thermal reaction for 5-10 minutes; and filtering, washing and drying to obtain the PtRu/graphene nano electro-catalyst, wherein the mass fraction of a PtRu alloy contained in the PtRu/graphene nano electro-catalyst is 20-40 percent, the mass fraction of graphene is 80-60 percent, the atomic ratio of the PtRu alloy is Pt:Ru=1:2-1.5:1, and the liquid polylol is propanetriol or glycol. The preparation method has energy saving, fastness, simple process, and the like; and in addition, the prepared PtRu/graphene nano electro-catalyst has good electrocatalysis property for the oxidation of methanol and ethanol and is widely used as anode catalysts of direct methanol fuel cells.

The invention discloses a Pt-CeO2/graphene electro-catalyst which uses graphene as a carrier, platinum as an active component and CeO2 as an auxiliary component, wherein the mass fraction of the platinum contained in the Pt-CeO2/graphene electro-catalyst is 20 percent; and the mole ratio of the platinum and cerium is 1:1-2.5:1. A preparation method of the Pt-CeO2/graphene electro-catalyst comprises the following steps of: ultrasonically dispersing oxidized nano graphite sheets into glycol; then adding a chloroplatinic acid solution, an aqueous ammonium ceric nitrate solution and an aqueous sodium acetate solution, and sufficiently mixing; transferring a mixture to a microwave hydro-thermal reaction kettle; and after microwave hydro-thermal reaction, filtering, washing and drying to obtain the Pt-CeO2/graphene electro-catalyst. The preparation method has energy saving, fastness, simple process, and the like; and in addition, the prepared Pt-CeO2/graphene electro-catalyst has high electrocatalysis activity for the electrochemical oxidation of methanol and is widely used for direct methanol fuel cells.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran by selective hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural. The method is characterized in that a magnetic metal-organic coordination polymer is used as an acid and base bifunctional catalyst, low-price and easily-obtained low carbon alcohol is used as an in-situ hydrogen donor, and the 5-hydroxymethylfurfural is efficiently transformed into the 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran by a selective transfer hydrogenation reaction under mild operation conditions and the maximum yield of the 2,5-dihydroxymethylfuran can be up to 98.6 percent. The magnetic metal organic coordination polymer used in the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of relatively-high acid-base strength, more acid-base sites, relatively-large specific surface area and suitable pore size; in addition, the magnetic metal organic coordination polymer is simple in preparation process, is easy to separate and recover and shows excellent catalytic activity and catalytic stability. Furthermore, the low carbon alcohol is used as the in-situ hydrogen donor in the invention, so that the use of molecular hydrogen is avoided and the safety of the reaction process is improved; besides, the low carbon alcohol can be used as a reaction solvent and the introduction of exogenous substances is reduced, and thereby the production cost can be further reduced.

The invention discloses a preparation method of coconut-shell fiber-based activated carbon for a supercapacitor. The method comprises the steps that pretreated coconut shell fibers are crushed and heated up to 700 DEG C to 750 DEG C at the speed of 2 DEG C/min to 5 DEG C/min, heat preservation is conducted for 1 h to 1.5 h, and a carbonized product is obtained; the carbonized product is ground and sieved, and the carbonized product and KOH are mixed to be uniform according to the mass ratio of 1:2 to 1:5; the temperature is increased to 800 DEG C to 850 DEG C at the speed of 3 DEG C/min to 5 DEG C/min, heat preservation is conducted for 1 h to 1.5 h, and an activated product is obtained; the activated product is subjected to water washing and acid washing and water washing till the pH ranges from 6 to 7, drying is conducted, and the activated carbon is obtained. According to the preparation method of the coconut-shell fiber-based activated carbon material for the supercapacitor, the coconut shell fibers serve as the raw material, multi-time activation is not needed, the technology is simple, and the cost is low; the prepared coconut-shell fiber-based activated carbon material for the supercapacitor has a high specific surface area and a high specific capacity.

The invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to adsorption and photocatalytic materials that can be used for waste gas and wastewater treatment, and in particular to a titanium dioxide nanocatalyst, its preparation method and application, the method comprising the following steps: mixing a titanium dioxide precursor and a solvent to adjust pH, carry out microwave irradiation reaction at a temperature of 50-120° C. and normal pressure, and then obtain a titanium dioxide nano-catalyst after cooling, washing, drying and calcining. The method of the present invention does not require any template additives or auxiliary agents, is simple, efficient, and environmentally friendly; the titanium dioxide nano-catalyst prepared by the present invention has active photocatalytic activity, and the degradation rate of methylene blue is more than 1 times higher than that of commercial P25. And it can be well applied in the field of environmental pollution control.

The invention relates to a method of controllably preparing a nitrogen-sulfur co-doped carbon nanotube by taking halloysite as a template, and belongs to the scientific and technical field of batterymaterials. The method includes taking the halloysite, thiophene and pyrrole as raw materials, performing low-temperature polymerization on the halloysite and the thiophene to obtain a halloysite/thiophene composite material, mixing the halloysite/thiophene composite material with the pyrrole to obtain halloysite/conducting polymer composite material, performing high-temperature treatment on the composite material, and removing the halloysite to obtain the nitrogen-sulfur co-doped carbon nanotube. The invention further provides application of the nitrogen-sulfur co-doped carbon nanotube obtained by the preparation method. The nitrogen-sulfur co-doped carbon nanotube is applied to fuel cell catalysis on negative-electrode oxygen reduction reactions.

The invention provides a preparation method of a composite electrode material. The preparation method comprises the following steps of performing mixing on soluble divalent nickel salt, soluble divalent cobalt salt, hexamethylene tetramine, lanthanum manganate and a solvent to obtain a mixed liquid; adding foamy nickel into the mixed liquid to be subjected to a hydrothermal reaction to obtain a precursor; and performing drying and annealing on the precursor in sequence to obtain the composite electrode material. A core-shell nanometer flower structure is grown on the conductive substrate foamynickel to be directly used as an electrode, so that use of a conductive agent and a binder in the conventional coating method can be avoided, and extra contact resistance is lowered; and through a synergistic effect of NiCo<2>O<4> and LaMnO<3>, the potential window is expanded and the energy density of a supercapacitor is improved.

The invention provides a folded plate anaerobic moving biofilm online sewage treatment system and relates to the technical field of sewage treatment systems. The folded plate anaerobic moving biofilm online sewage treatment system comprises a folded plate anaerobic reactor; the output end of the folded plate anaerobic reactor is connected with a moving bed biofilm reactor; and the first output end of the moving bed biofilm reactor is connected with a first water pipe. The invention designs an efficient energy-saving treatment method which is small in size, low in infrastructure expenditure and running expense, and more economical than a contact oxidation method and is an upgrade and an improvement or a substitute of a traditional activated sludge process, a fixed bed contact oxidation method and other treatment methods. The folded plate anaerobic moving biofilm online sewage treatment system is widely applied to newly building or upgrading and improving all the existing industrial and domestic sewage treatment systems and particularly greatly improving the system effluent quality and the phosphorus and nitrogen removal effect in the upgrading and improvement project on the premise that the improvement on the existing building is small, and the investment is reduced.

The invention discloses a modified activated carbon material and a preparing method thereof. The preparing method of the modified activated carbon material is that activated carbon serving as the raw material is added into a heating furnace, nitrogen is filled into the heating furnace, then ammonia is filled into the heating furnace after the temperature rises to be 600-900 DEG C, the activated carbon reacts in the ammonia for 10-120 min, and finally the modified activated carbon material is obtained. The modified activated carbon material has high adsorptive property for perchlorate ions in water, is improved by near 9 times in the adsorptive property for perchlorate in water compared with the raw material activated carbon, and has the advantages of being high in mechanical strength, long in use life cycle and low in use cost. The preparing process of the modified activated carbon material is simple to operate, the prepared modified activated carbon material can be regenerated and used repeatedly, and material loss is small.

The invention belongs to a wet material granulation principle and an equipment combination process, and particularly relates to a combined-type granulator. The combined-type granulator comprises a plurality of layers of combined box bodies, a temporary storage feed bin and a plurality of layers and groups of roller mills. Each group of roller mills is equipped with a rotary joint, a cleaning blade, an elastic stripping frame, a material baffle and a guide plate; a waste gas emptying interface is also arranged on each of the box bodies, and an air inlet at a lowest layer of the granulator is arranged on a bracket. The linear velocity of a tooth surface and the flow rate of volume of a rotary drum of each of the roller mills at a second layer are higher than those of a rotary drum of each of the roller mills at a first layer, and the linear velocity of a tooth surface and the flow rate of volume of a rotary drum with a reticular tooth socket or a single radial tooth socket of each of the roller mills at an adjacent lower layer are designed according to the volume properties of materials in the area. According to the granulator disclosed by the invention, hard foreign matters can be stripped, and simple granulation of soft materials in a cream state, a paste state, a slurry state and the like can be realized; meanwhile, caky and blocky materials can be pulled into monomer granules, soft and hard materials can simultaneously enter into the granulator, and granules at an outlet have a plurality of pores and are in an irregular shape.

The invention discloses an adsorption material capable of removing anion pollutants in water and a preparation method thereof. The adsorption material uses activated carbon as a carrier and loads cationic surfactants in its pores. The prepared activated carbon adsorption material has high adsorption performance and selectivity for anion pollutants in water, can prolong the service life of the adsorption material in water treatment, and reduce the use cost. The preparation process does not require heating and pressure, consumes less energy, is simple to operate, does not change the particle structure characteristics of the activated carbon, can be used repeatedly, and does not generate secondary pollution.

The invention discloses a calcium ion battery cathode active material, a cathode material, a calcium ion battery cathode, a calcium ion battery and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of calcium ion batteries. The cathode active material of the calcium ion battery comprises MXene or a composite material thereof, wherein the composition general formula of the MXene is Mn+1Xn or Mn+1XnTx, wherein M is a transition metal element, X is a carbon or nitrogen element, Tx is a surface functional group, and n is equal to 1, 2 or 3. According to the invention, the MXene or the composite material thereof is used in the cathode active material of the calcium ion battery, the MXene has good conductivity and is beneficial to the transmission of electrons, more storage sites can be provided, the two-dimensional layered material is beneficial to the rapid diffusion of Ca2+ between layers, a rapid calcium ion transmission channel is provided, fast embedmentand out-of-embedment performances can be achieved, the material has a stable structure, the calcium ion battery prepared by adopting the material has the advantages of long cycle life, high specific capacity and high rate performance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of mine conveying pipe bodies, and discloses an anti-static flame-retardant steel skeleton fiber reinforced resin pipe and a preparation technology of the anti-static flame-retardant steel skeleton fiber reinforced resin pipe. The anti-static flame-retardant steel skeleton fiber reinforced resin pipe is technically characterized in that the anti-static flame-retardant steel skeleton fiber reinforced resin pipe comprises a pipe body which comprises a seepage-proof flame-retardant conductive inner lining layer and a pressure-bearing flame-retardant conductive structural layer from inside to outside, wherein the seepage-proof flame-retardant conductive inner lining layer comprises glass fiber solidified on an inner base body, and the pressure-bearing flame-retardant conductive structural layer comprises an outer base body which is synchronously provided with a zinc-coated steel wire and glass fiber direct roving in a winding mode, wherein epoxy resin is coated on the outer surface of the zinc-coated steel wire. According to the anti-static flame-retardant steel skeleton fiber reinforced resin pipe, matching among all layers of fiber is reasonable, mechanical property is strengthened, meanwhile, weight of the tube body is lightened, multi-wall carbon nanotubes and nanometer aluminium hydroxide are filled, fine structures of all layers are changed, meanwhile, bending resistant strength and shock resistance capability are enhanced, wear-resisting property and conductivity are largely improved, service life is prolonged, and cost is reduced.

The invention discloses an imbibition agent applied to low-permeability reservoir imbibition oil recovery, and aims to overcome the defects of an existing surfactant imbibition agent. The imbibition agent is organochlorosilane modified nano-SiO2. The invention further provides a method for preparing the imbibition agent. The organochlorosilane modified nano-SiO2 has a great number of hydrophilic hydroxyl functional group, and also has partial oleophilic organic functional group. The organochlorosilane modified nano-SiO2 is adsorbed to an oil wet surface to generate wettability alteration to reach a reservoir stratum, so that the aim of changing the wettability of the reservoir stratum can be achieved. Furthermore, the organochlorosilane modified SiO2 can exist on an oil-water interface to change the property of crude oil, so that the fluidity and imbibition efficiency of crude oil can be improved. The modified nano-SiO2 is low in cost and wide in source, has a relatively good effect for modifying the interface of the reservoir stratum, can be widely applied to the field of triple oil recovery, and has an excellent application prospect.

The invention provides a nickel selenide/carbon nanotube composite nanometer material and a preparation and an application thereof, and relates to the technical field of nanometer materials. The nickel selenide/carbon nanotube composite nanometer material is a nanometer wire which is 10-50 nanometers long, wherein nanometer spherical nickel selenide with the average particle size being 5-20nm is attached onto carbon nanotubes. The nickel selenide/carbon nanotube composite nanometer material of uniform shape is synthesized by a hydrothermal method, and the material has a large specific surface area. The carbon nanotubes effectively alleviate the size change of nickel selenide in the process of charging and discharging, and reduce electrode capacity attenuation. Moreover, the carbon nanotubes can increase the conductivity of selenide nickel electrodes. When the prepared nickel selenide/carbon nanotube composite nanometer material is used as the negative electrode of a super capacitor, the super capacitor has high charge and discharge specific capacitance and a long cycle life. Moreover, there is a rich source of raw materials, the production cost is low and controllable, and the material is suitable for industrialized production.

The invention provides a method for preparing dual-hole-structure multi-hole copper materials strengthening a boiling heat transfer function. The method comprises the following steps that (1) ultrasonic cleaning and drying are respectively carried out on a copper matrix and a copper fiber mat; (2) the copper fiber mat is laid on and covers the surface of the copper matrix, then sintering is carried out, and a copper fiber multi-hole layer is attached to the surface of the copper matrix; (3) anodic oxidation treatment is carried out on the copper matrix with the copper fiber multi-hole layer in an attached mode to obtain the dual-hole-structure multi-hole copper materials strengthening the boiling heat transfer function. The method is simple, reasonable in design, easy to implement, strong in operability and suitable for large-scale production. The multi-hole copper materials prepared through the method are of a dual-hole structure, the specific surface area is large, a large amount of nucleate boiling is achieved, the heat transfer effect is good, and important practical value and important popularization significance are achieved.

The invention provides preparation of a three-dimensional graphene nano composite material and a method for chirally recognizing tryptophan (Trp). According to the preparation of the composite material, three-dimensional graphene (3D-G) is firstly synthesized by a microwave method; afterwards, the 3D-G and hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD) are subjected to an esterification reaction tocarry out dehydration condensation to make the composite material (3D-G/HP-beta-CD). The composite material can be used for realizing the electrochemical recognition on a chiral molecule by means of achiral cavity structure of cyclodextrin and the excellent electrochemical performance of the 3D-G; a chiral recognition sensor is constructed. The tryptophan (Trp) is used as a chiral amino acid; twoenantiomers D-Trp and L-Trp of the Trp present obviously different chiral inclusion differences in the presence of the 3D-G/HP-beta-CD nano composite material and the invention provides the method for simply and quickly chirally recognizing the Trp by utilizing the chiral recognition effect of the 3D-G/HP-beta-CD.

The invention relates to a synthetic method of strip porous lanthanum ferrite nano fibers. The method comprises the following steps: dissolving Fe salt and La salt in mixed liquor of ethanol and acetic acid, and stirring at room temperature to form mixed liquor A; then, dissolving polyvinylpyrrolidone or polyvinyl alcohol in ethanol, and stirring at room temperature to form liquor B; slowing adding the mixed liquor A into the liquor B, and stirring at room temperature to form precursor liquor C; and electrostatically spinning the precursor liquor C to dry and roast the collected compound fibers. The strip porous lanthanum ferrite nano fibers are prepared by adopting an electrostatic spinning method. The strip porous lanthanum ferrite nano fibers have a stable and uniform structure, a large specific surface area, a high aspect ratio and an opened porous structure, so that the many active sites are formed, and performances such as catalysis and adsorption are remarkably improved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a waterproof and ventilated polyurethane thin film and belongs to the technical field of high molecular materials. The preparation method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: weighing the following components in sequence in parts by weight: 60 to 70 parts of polyurethane, 10 to 15 parts of polyethylene glycol, 12 to 18 parts of modified silicon dioxide, 18 to 20 parts of a modified graphene mixture, 3 to 5 parts of diethyl phthalate, 5 to 8 parts of epoxidized soybean oil, 3 to 8 parts of a silane coupling agent, 10 to 15 parts of acetone and 15 to 18 parts of N,N-dimethylformamide; mixing the polyurethane and the N,N-dimethylformamide; adding the acetone; after stirring and mixing, obtaining a blank solution; mixing theblank solution and the modified silicon dioxide; adding the modified graphene mixture, the diethyl phthalate, the epoxidized soybean oil and the silane coupling agent; after stirring and mixing, obtaining a film forming solution; coating the film forming solution into a polytetrafluoroethylene mold; heating, curing and molding; and uncovering the film to obtain the waterproof and ventilated polyurethane thin film. The waterproof and ventilated polyurethane thin film provided by the invention has excellent ventilation performance and hydrophobic performance.

The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-sulfur batteries and particularly relates to a high-sulfur-content carbon-sulfur material and a preparation method thereof; the carbon-sulfur material has three-dimensional porous structure and has sulfur content up to 85%; the preparation method of the carbon-sulfur material comprises the steps of I, mixing well a water-soluble sulfate, a water-soluble carbon source and water in a preset proportion to obtain mixed solution; II, adsorbing the mixed solution with foam material, and lyophilizing to obtain a precursor; III, thermally treating the precursor at high temperature to obtain an intermediate product; IV, adding the intermediate product into the solution with trivalent iron ions, allowing full reaction to obtain an initial reaction product; V, filtering the initial reaction product, washing, and drying to obtain the high-sulfur-content carbon-sulfur material. Compared with the prior art, the high-sulfur-content carbon-sulfur material has high sulfur content and good structural stability and may be used in lithium-sulfur battery cathodes to provide significant improvement in the cycle performance and rate performance of batteries.

The invention discloses wood particle active carbon for an automobile carbon tank and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the fields of active carbon for the automobile carbon tank and the preparation method of the active carbon. The weight ratio of major raw material ingredient of wood active carbon powder to organic sodium-based bentonites to water is 1:(0.2 to 0.25):(0.8 to 1.0); the three kinds of raw materials are uniformly stirred and are then pelleted; after pelleted particles are dried, physical activation is performed to obtain the wood particle active carbon; the wood active carbon powder is formed by mixing aged wood chips and thermal-process food stage phosphoric acid with the concentration being 85 percent according to a weight ratio of 1:(1.2 to 1.5) through fully stirring, still soaking, high-temperature carbonization activation, recovery, rinsing, drying and powder preparation. The preparation method comprises two major work procedures of wood active carbon powder preparation and wood particle active carbon preparation. The product strength is high; the effective aperture pore volume is more developed; the distribution is more uniform; the adsorption and desorption performance is good; the gas flowing resistance is small.

The invention discloses a silver iodide nanoparticle-modified bismuth tungstate heterojunction photocatalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The photocatalyst uses three-dimensionalmicro-spherical bismuth tungstate as a carrier; the carrier is modified with silver iodide nanoparticles; the mass ratio of the carrier to the silver iodide nanoparticles is (0.05-0.4):1. The preparation method includes: preparing three-dimensional micro-spherical bismuth tungstate mixed solution, mixing the solution with an Ag+-containing substance, allowing dark reaction to proceed for 30-60 min, adding iodides, continuing to carry out black reaction for 1-1.5 h, centrifuging, washing, and drying to obtain the photocatalyst. The photocatalyst has the advantages of environmental friendliness,large specific surface area, good catalytic oxidative activity, high separation efficiency of photo-generated carrier, good reusability and the like; the preparation method has the advantages of goodsimplicity, controllable reaction conditions and the like. The photocatalyst is widely applicable to the degradation of organic wastewater, can effectively degrade organic matters in the wastewater,and has a good practical application prospect.