A system for monitoring an environment in a precision casting room comprises a power supply module, a control module, a temperature detection module, a humidity detection module, an illumination detection module, a carbon dioxide concentration detection module, an ozone detection module, a clock module, a keyboard input module and an LCD display module, wherein the temperature detection module, the humidity detection module, the illumination detection module, the carbon dioxide concentration detection module, the ozone detection module, the clock module, the keyboard input module and the LCD display module are respectively connected with the control module; and the control module adopts an STC single chip microcomputer. The system of the invention is based on the STC12C5A60S2 single chip microcomputer and realizes functions of temperature and humidity detection, carbon dioxide concentration detection, indoor illumination detection, ozone detection and clock display; the system is convenient in use, simple in structure and applicable to environment detection in the precision casting room.