64results about How to "Decreased wavelength" patented technology

The Miniature Fourier Transform Spectrophotometer provides the capability, in a miniaturized device, of determining the light absorption / transmission spectra of a collected sample of gas or liquid though Fourier Transform spectroscopy techniques. The device takes an optical input from an optical fiber, manipulates that light through miniature optical components, and launches it into a miniaturized Michelson interferometer with a scanning mirror that acquires the interferogram of the optical input. The interferogram can be processed to retrieve the spectrum of the input light. A novel multi-stepped micro-mirror operates as the optical path length modulator in the miniaturized interferometer. A unique monolithic beamsplitter / mirror combination provides for accurate alignment of the components and greatly simplifies product integration. The device is designed to cover various optical spectra of interest. During operation, the precision and accuracy of the microfabricated components in the device allow operation and resolution even at extremely low wavelengths. In addition, the miniaturized nature of the device allows it to be used in new and extremely space-constrained applications.

A portable enclosure has a hinged or slide opening capable of containing several RFID tags embedded in other devices. The present invention provides two layer portable enclosures. The inner layer is a protective layer that keeps signals from hitting the RFID tags. The outer layer is a physical barrier against the elements and serves a decorative function. The inner layer metal is preferably, but not limited to, copper, silver, aluminum, tin or any other metal capable of attenuating completely the wavelength necessary to reach and activate the embedded RFID tag. The metal may be in a weave, solid or any other structure capable of the necessary shielding. The outer layer is made of materials capable of withstanding use, weather, and the surrounding environment. The inner layer may be embedded within the outer layer. A wallet is made of shielding material with flaps surrounding the devices with embedded RFID.

An embodiment is directed to a system for dissipating cladding modes of an optical fiber. In the system, a high power light source couples optical power into the optical fiber at a fiber coupling point thereby producing the cladding modes; material is indexed-matched to the optical fiber and is optically contacted to the optical fiber near the fiber coupling point; and a substrate layer is operable to provide a thermal sink for heat generated from dissipation of cladding modes of the optical fiber.

An instrument and related process for measuring color, shade, gloss, shape and / or translucence of a tooth. First, the instrument uses searchlight illumination to illuminate a tooth with constant irradiance. Second, the instrument uses colorimetric imaging to collect time-separated frames of different wavelengths of light reflected from a tooth and to combine those frames into a color image. Third, the instrument includes a sanitary shield to establish a reference color and a predetermined distance to a target tooth. Fourth, the instrument provides line-of-sight viewing so an operator may simultaneously view a display of the image on the instrument and the object being measured. Fifth, the instrument is impervious to pollutants because it incorporates a sealed measurement window. Sixth, optical measurements of a tooth taken by a dentist are compared to optical measurements of a prosthetic restoration for that tooth to confirm satisfactory matching of optical characteristics of the tooth and restoration.

In an InGaN-based nitride semiconductor optical device having a long wavelength (440 nm or more) equal to or more than that of blue, the increase of a wavelength is realized while suppressing In (Indium) segregation and deterioration of crystallinity. In the manufacture of an InGaN-based nitride semiconductor optical device having an InGaN-based quantum well active layer including an InGaN well layer and an InGaN barrier layer, a step of growing the InGaN barrier layer includes: a first step of adding hydrogen at 1% or more to a gas atmosphere composed of nitrogen and ammonia and growing a GaN layer in the gas atmosphere; and a second step of growing the InGaN barrier layer in a gas atmosphere composed of nitrogen and ammonia.

A hybrid broadband power amplifier module design is disclosed. In a power amplifier design, low impedance transmission lines are typically needed at the input and output of the transistor to match for its optimum source and load impedance. The peripheral of the GaN (Gallium Nitride) transistor is very small due to the high power density of the GaN transistor. The transmission line, for example a microstrip line, needs to be very wide to achieve low impedance on ceramic substrates such as Alumina. The dimensional mismatch from the low impedance transmission line to the transistor causes additional parasitic effect to the matching networks and limits the bandwidth of the amplifier. Capacitor materials are typically very high in dielectric constant; hence a single layer capacitor with small dimensions equalizes to a low impedance transmission line. Selected capacitors with proper dimensions can be used as the low impedance transmission lines in the matching networks. They will have comparable width to the GaN transistor and minimize the parasitic effect. The wavelength inside the capacitor will also be very short due to the high dielectric constant; hence the matching network can be much shorter. A compact hybrid amplifier module has been built in a small package with the GaN transistor, capacitor matching networks and other necessary circuits inside. More than an octave bandwidth can be achieved with this new scheme.

The present invention provides an optical information medium in which the recording and / or reproducing beam incident side surface displays excellent anti-staining properties and lubricity, as well as superior scratch resistance and abrasion resistance. An optical information medium comprising a film element composed of one or more layers including at least a recording layer (4) or a reflective layer, on a supporting substrate (20), wherein at least one of the supporting substrate (20)-side surface and the film element-side surface is formed of a hard coat layer (8) comprising a cured product of the hard coat agent composition comprising a fluorine-containing block copolymer (A) and an active energy ray-curable compound (B).

A microscope apparatus comprises a focusing unit for changing the relative position between a specimen and the focus position of an object lens; and a setup unit for setting a plurality of import regions in the optical axis of the object lens, with a position at which a specimen is focused being established as a reference. It further comprises a control unit for obtaining a plurality of extended time exposure images by changing the relative positions from each respective start position to the end position of each of the plurality of import regions by means of the focusing unit under an import condition determined by desired exposure time and emission light volume; and an image generation unit for generating a focal-depth enlarged image by adding together the obtained plurality of extended time exposure images.

A semiconductor chip integrating a transceiver, an antenna, and a receiver is provided. The transceiver is formed on a front side of a semiconductor substrate. At least one through substrate via provides electrical connection between the transceiver and the backside of the semiconductor substrate. The antenna, which is connected to the transceiver, is formed in a dielectric layer on the front side. The reflector plate is connected to the through substrate via, and is formed on the backside. The separation between the reflector plate and the antenna is about the quarter wavelength of millimeter waves, which enhances radiation efficiency of the antenna. An array of through substrate trenches may be formed and filled with a dielectric material to reduce the effective dielectric constant of the material between the antenna and the reflector plate, thereby reducing the wavelength of the millimeter wave and enhance the radiation efficiency.

The present invention provides an optical information medium in which the recording and / or reproducing beam incident side surface displays excellent anti-staining properties and lubricity, as well as superior scratch resistance and abrasion resistance. An optical information medium comprising a film element composed of one or more layers including at least a recording layer (4) or a reflective layer, on a supporting substrate (20), wherein at least one of the supporting substrate (20)-side surface and the film element-side surface is formed of a hard coat layer (8) comprising a cured product of the hard coat agent composition comprising a fluorine-containing block copolymer (A) and an active energy ray-curable compound (B).

A system and method for simultaneous imaging of both infrared and millimeter wave radiation. The novel optical system (10) includes a primary mirror (20), a Mangin secondary mirror (30) positioned to receive energy reflected from the primary mirror (20), and an immersion lens (40) for focusing energy received from the Mangin mirror (30). In the illustrative embodiment, the primary mirror (20) and Mangin mirror (30) are arranged in a Cassegrain configuration. Central to this invention is the use of a negative power refractive Mangin mirror (30) as the Cassegrain secondary mirror, so that the field curvature of the secondary mirror (30) and immersion lens (40) can be made to cancel. The immersion lens (40) effectively decreases the wavelength of the millimeter wave radiation, allowing a smaller detector to collect the same amount of radiation as would a larger detector in air. In the illustrative embodiment, the system (10) further includes a detector array (52) placed in intimate contact with the immersion lens (40).

The invention relates to a radar sensor (10) for use with automobiles. Said radar sensor emits pulsed radiation. The radar sensor is characterized in that it comprises an antenna with at least one layer-structured block (34) consisting of metal layers (36, 38, 40, 42) which are arranged according to the Yagi principle and which are respectively separated from each other by a dielectric intermediary layer (46, 48, 50). At least one of the metal layers (36, 38, 40, 42) is excited by a supply system (18) with a radar frequency.

A defect reviewing apparatus includes an illumination optical system that irradiates a sample with laser, a detection optical system that detects reflected light or scattered light from the sample, a processing portion that calculates coordinates of a defect based on the reflected light or scattered light detected, and an electron microscope that reviews the defect based on the coordinates of the defect calculated by the processing portion. In the illumination optical system, inspection modes are switched over based on defect information acquired in another inspection equipment.

A semiconductor chip integrating a transceiver, an antenna, and a receiver is provided. The transceiver is located on a front side of a semiconductor substrate. A through substrate via provides electrical connection between the transceiver and the receiver located on a backside of the semiconductor substrate. The antenna connected to the transceiver is located in a dielectric layer located on the front side of the substrate. The separation between the reflector plate and the antenna is about the quarter wavelength of millimeter waves, which enhances radiation efficiency of the antenna. An array of through substrate dielectric vias may be employed to reduce the effective dielectric constant of the material between the antenna and the reflector plate, thereby reducing the wavelength of the millimeter wave and enhance the radiation efficiency. A design structure for designing, manufacturing, or testing a design for such a semiconductor chip is also provided.

A defect observation apparatus includes a storage unit configured to store defect information about defects detected by an external inspection apparatus; a first imaging unit configured to capture an image of a defect using a first imaging condition and a second imaging condition; a control unit configured to correct positional information on the defect using the image captured with the first imaging unit; and a second imaging unit configured to capture an image of the defect based on the corrected positional information.

A magnetic material for antennas including: an M-type hexagonal ferrite represented by the following general formula (1) as a main phase, MA.Fe12-x.MBx.O19 (wherein MA is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Sr and Ba, MB is MC or MD, MC is at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Al, Cr, Sc and In, MD is an equivalent mixture of at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Ti, Sn and Zr and at least one kind selected from the group consisting of Ni, Zn, Mn, Mg, Cu and Co, X is a number from 1 to 5), and an average crystal particle diameter is equal to or greater than 5 μm.

A golf head club has a high moment of inertia and thus produces a pleasing hitting sound. A metallic golf club head 1 having a hollow space therein includes a face member 30 provided with a face part 31, and a body member 10 provided with a sole part 11, a crown part 12, a side part 13, and ribs 20. The hollow space is defined by the inner surfaces of the face part 31, the sole part 11, the crown part 12, and the side part 13, and the wall surfaces of the ribs. The ribs 20 extend from the inner surface of the sole part 11 to the inner surface of the crown part 12, and the body member 10 is molded integrally by casting.

Systems and methods for photobiomodulation of biological processes using invasive or non-invasive chemical clarification of biological tissues are provided to improve optical transmission of light energy in sub-epidermal tissue. The chemical clarification of in vivo biological tissues provides at least partial optical clarification of such tissues by applying a clarifying agent to the sub-epidermal tissue to temporarily replace water and other fluids from such tissues. Light energy is then applied to the clarified tissues, providing for deeper penetration of the light energy and more effective photobiomodulation. Lower power and wavelengths of light can be administered at high fluences into the tissue, at greater depths, and induce biological effects that are more pronounced than previously observed.

The present invention provides a system and method for the dissociation of water into H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gas. The system and method disclose a reaction vessel having at least one radiolysis apparatus, at least one photolysis apparatus, and at least one electrolysis apparatus, all in communication with said reaction vessel. The reaction vessel has a body, a first end and a second end defining an interior. Further, the reaction vessel has an inlet for receiving water from a water supply into its interior and at least two outlet ports to allows H.sub.2 or O.sub.2 to egress therefrom. Still further, at least one catalyst is located within the interior of the reaction vessel. The radiolysis apparatus, photolysis apparatus, and electrolysis apparatus, in combination the with the catalyst provides for the dissociation of water into H.sub.2 and O.sub.2.

The present invention provides a hard coat agent composition that is useful for forming a hard coat layer with excellent anti-staining properties and lubricity, as well as superior scratch resistance and abrasion resistance, on the surfaces of various articles. The present invention also provides an optical information medium using the above hard coat agent composition. A hard coat agent composition comprising a fluorine-containing block copolymer (A1), a fluorine-containing polyether compound (A2) comprising an active energy ray-reactive group, and an active energy ray-curable compound (B). An optical information medium comprising a film element composed of one or more layers including at least a recording layer (4) or a reflective layer, on a supporting substrate (20), wherein at least one of the supporting substrate (20)-side surface and the film element-side surface is formed of a hard coat layer (8) comprising a cured product of the hard coat agent composition.

The Miniature Fourier Transform Spectrophotometer provides the capability, in a miniaturized device, of determining the light absorption / transmission spectra of a collected sample of gas or liquid though Fourier Transform spectroscopy techniques. The device takes an optical input from an optical fiber, manipulates that light through miniature optical components, and launches it into a miniaturized Michelson interferometer with a scanning mirror that acquires the interferogram of the optical input. The interferogram can be processed to retrieve the spectrum of the input light. A novel multi-stepped micro-mirror operates as the optical path length modulator in the miniaturized interferometer. A unique monolithic beamsplitter / mirror combination provides for accurate alignment of the components and greatly simplifies product integration. The device is designed to cover various optical spectra of interest. During operation, the precision and accuracy of the microfabricated components in the device allow operation and resolution even at extremely low wavelengths. In addition, the miniaturized nature of the device allows it to be used in new and extremely space-constrained applications.

An antenna apparatus capable of improving antenna characteristics as well as miniaturizing a size is provided. An antenna apparatus includes a base, an antenna conductor, and a terminal as an external connection terminal. The base is made of a dielectric composite material containing resin and ceramic powder. The antenna conductor is arranged on a surface of the base. The terminal is electrically connected to the antenna conductor. A relative permittivity (∈r) and a dielectric tangent (tan δ) of the dielectric composite material satisfy a relation of: tan δ≦0.0024×e(0.0341×∈r).

A high dielectric antenna substrate includes a first dielectric layer having a first dielectric constant, and a second dielectric layer having a second dielectric constant. The second dielectric layer is formed on one surface of the first dielectric layer. The second dielectric constant is lower than the first dielectric constant. Furthermore, a first metal layer and a second metal layer are optionally formed on the same surface or two surfaces of the first dielectric layer to compose a capacitor.

The present invention provides: a method for producing high silicate glass which has a low Fe concentration and can achieve a high UV transmittance while retaining advantages of Vycor glass that mass-production at low cost is feasible and that complex formation with various photofunctional ions can be effected; and high silicate glass of a high UV transmittance. For obtaining the above high silicate glass, the method is characterized by comprising the steps of: heating borosilicate glass including a heavy metal or rare-earth element (preferably a high-valence heavy metal or rare-earth element) so as to phase-separate the borosilicate glass; subjecting the phase-separated borosilicate glass to acid treatment so as to elute a metal; and sintering the acid-treated borosilicate glass.

Provided is an optical semiconductor device including a laminate structural body 20 in which an n-type compound semiconductor layer 21, an active layer 23, and a p-type compound semiconductor layer 22 are laminated in this order. The active layer 23 includes a multiquantum well structure including a tunnel barrier layer 33, and a compositional variation of a well layer 312 adjacent to the p-type compound semiconductor layer 22 is greater than a compositional variation of another well layer 311. Band gap energy of the well layer 312 adjacent to the p-type compound semiconductor layer 22 is smaller than band gap energy of the other well layer 311. A thickness of the well layer 312 adjacent to the p-type compound semiconductor layer 22 is greater than a thickness of the other well layer 311.

An optical film comprising a copolycarbonate composed of 25 to 90 mol % of unit (A) of the following formula,and 10 to 75 mol % of unit (B) of the following formula,wherein the substituents are defined herein, and the optical film satisfies the following expression (1), R(450)<R(550)<R(650) (1), wherein R(450), R(550) and R(650) are in-plane retardation values of the film at wavelengths of 450 nm, 550 nm and 650 nm. The optical film exhibits a desired chromatic dispersion, low photoelasticity and excellent melt processability.

The present invention provides a system and method for the dissociation of water into H.sub.2 and O.sub.2 gas. The system and method disclose a reaction vessel having at least one radiolysis apparatus, at least one photolysis apparatus, and at least one electrolysis apparatus, all in communication with said reaction vessel. The reaction vessel has a body, a first end and a second end defining an interior. Further, the reaction vessel has an inlet for receiving water from a water supply into its interior and at least two outlet ports to allows H.sub.2 or O.sub.2 to egress therefrom. Still further, at least one catalyst is located within the interior of the reaction vessel. The radiolysis apparatus, photolysis apparatus, and electrolysis apparatus, in combination the with the catalyst provides for the dissociation of water into H.sub.2 and O.sub.2.