The invention discloses a gas turbine combustion state parameter monitoring system based on a TDLAS technology. The gas turbine combustion state parameter monitoring system comprises a laser emissionmodule, a laser transmission module, a laser data analysis processing module and a combustion state display module which are sequentially connected. During working, required incident laser is generated through the laser emission module; the incident laser and the laser absorbed by the flow field of a combustion chamber are transmitted through a laser transmission module, and a laser signal is converted into an electric signal; effective electric signals are extracted through a laser data analyzing and processing module, flow field temperature, pressure and H2O concentration are inverted, pressure pulsation characteristics are analyzed, combustion efficiency is calculated, and whether flames exist or not is judged; the combustion flow field temperature, the pressure pulsation characteristics, the flame, the combustion efficiency and the like are displayed through a combustion state parameter display module. The combustion state parameters of the gas turbine are measured by adopting a non-contact method, the method has the advantages of no interference to the flow field, wide measurement range, high precision, quick response, simple system composition and the like, and the combustionstate monitoring system of the in-service gas turbine can be simplified.