The invention relates to traditional Chinese medical powder for treating rheumatism and rheumatoid, belonging to plant medicines for treating rheumatism and rheumatoid. The traditional Chinese medicalpowder is prepared from prepared nux vomica, processed monkshood roots, processed turtle shells, chaenomeles fructus chaenomelis, radix cyathulae and safflower according to a proportion. The preparation process comprises the following steps: screening the component of medicinal materials; concocting the nux vomica, i.e. soaking for ten days, peeling, slicing, drying, sanding, mixing, parching, desanding, crashing and screening the nux vomica into fine powder; concocting, crushing and screening the monkshood roots, the wild aconite, the turtle shells, the chaenomeles fructus chaenomelis, the radix cyathulae and the safflower into fine powder according to the specifications of a pharmacopoeia; weighting the six medicinal materials by a commensurable increasing method; uniformly mixing and screening the mixture with the nux vomica powder; quantificationally weighting, packaging and lettering. The traditional Chinese medical powder has the functions of accommodating yin and yang, tonifying qi and blood, dispelling rheumapyra and pathogenic cold, promoting arthralgia and relieving pain, mainly treats rheumatoid arthritis, cervical and lumbar hypertrophy, hyperosteogeny, lumbar intervertebral disc extrusion and sciatica and has short treatment cycle, low treatment fee and convenient taking.