30results about How to "Reduce salt-alkali hazards" patented technology

The invention discloses an oil sunflower special fertilizer based on soda saline soil. The oil sunflower special fertilizer is prepared by blending the following components serving as raw materials in parts by weight: 10-30 parts of biochemical fulvic acid, 5-15 parts of magnesium slag, 5-15 parts of pyrite cinders, 5-20 parts of sunflower seed cake meals, 10-30 parts of urea, 10-15 parts of ammonium sulfate, 10-20 parts of ammonium phosphate, 10-30 parts of potassium sulfate, 1-5 parts of zinc sulfate, 1-5 parts of manganese sulfate, 1-5 parts of poly-boron and 1-5 parts of a granulation binder. According to the oil sunflower special fertilizer disclosed by the invention, aiming at the characteristics of strong alkalinity, high degree of alkalization and poor physical and chemical properties of the soda saline soil, and considering a nutritional requirement rule of oil sunflowers, organic and inorganic matters are combined together, macro-elements are combined with medium elements and microelements, the nutrition is overall and balanced, the nutrition necessary for the whole growth stages of the oil sunflowers can be provided, meanwhile, the pH value of the soda saline soil is reduced, the soil structure is improved, and the soil fertility is improved, so that the output and quality of the oil sunflowers are significantly improved.

The invention relates to a soil preparation method for improving the production performance of soil in a sandy soil matrix greenhouse. According to the method, field soil is partially added in a pure sandy soil farming layer, the three-dimensional structure that sand is covered with soil, soil is coated with fertilizer and ridges are high is formed, and the pure sandy soil productivity is greatly improved. Based on the soil dressing principle, the good rooting performance, moisture and fertilizer retention performance, buffer performance, biological performance and nutrient performance of the field soil are kept, the pure sand layer is utilized for cutting off surface layer soil capillary force, the humidity in the greenhouse is lowered, and therefore diseases caused by high humidity in the greenhouse are greatly reduced. The soil temperature of the farming layer in winter is increased due to the fact that the ridges are high, and therefore the growth of vegetable root systems is promoted. Accordingly, the soil production performance and the vegetable output are greatly improved.

The invention discloses a method for planting rice in a saline-alkali land of the Yellow River irrigation district. The method comprises the steps that (S1) seedling culture is carried out; (S2) calcium sulfate powder is scattered in a ploughed and stirred saline-alkali paddy field with loose and soft soil, ploughing and stirring are conducted again, the paddy field is leveled, water is injected till the water level is 5-10 cm higher than the flat soil surface, and field steeping is continued for 7-10 days; (S3) water accumulated on the field surface is discharged, washing with flowing water is conducted for one time, a soil conditioner is applied, ploughing and leveling are conducted again, water is injected till the water level is 3-7 cm higher than the water surface, and rice seedlings are inserted; and (S4) additional fertilizers are applied periodically to supplement rice nutrients till the rice gets mature. The method for planting the rice in the saline-alkali land of the Yellow River irrigation district disclosed by the invention has the advantages that operations are simple; the programming degree is high; promotion is easy; the planting cost is low; soil salinization can be improved; a soil pH value can be reduced; soil fertility can be increased; and the yield of the rice planted in the saline-alkali land can be increased by 20%-30%.

The invention relates to a soil improver containing coconut chaff and a preparation method thereof, and relates to a soil improver. The soil improver containing the coconut chaff comprises the following components by weight percent: 0.75 to 0.92 percent of coconut chaff, 0.05 to 0.1 percent of diatomite, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of polyaspartic acid, 0.01 to 0.05 percent of humic acid, 0.005 to 0.03 percent of polyacrylamide and 0.005 to 0.02 percent of boric acid. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) dissolving polyacrylamide, polyaspartic acid and boric acid in water to obtain a mixed solution; (2) uniformly mixing powdered coconut chaff, diatomite and humic acid to obtain a solid powdered mixture; (3) spraying the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) into the solid powdered mixture obtained in the step (2), mixing, and air-drying to obtain the soil improver containing the coconut chaff. The production cost is low, raw materials are environmentally friendly and non-toxic, the secondary salinization and hardened soil can be effectively improved, and the productivity of the earth can be restored and improved.

The invention discloses a special fertilizer for inland saline-alkali sugar beets. The special fertilizer is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight in a mixing manner: 10-20 parts of stainless steel tailings, 10-20 parts of decomposed coal, 15-30 parts of urea, 20-40 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-30 parts of potassium sulphate, 3-10 parts of zinc sulfate, 3-10 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.5-2 parts of paclobutrazol, 0.1-1 part of titanium sulfate, 0.1-1 part of lanthanum nitrate and 1-5 parts of kieselguhr. The materials, such as stainless steel tailings and decomposed coal, for modifying saline and alkaline land are added and matched with various necessary elements for the sugar beets by combining the nutritional requirement rules of the sugar beets aiming at the characteristics of inland saline-alkali soil; and the paclobutrazol for adjusting migration of photosynthesis matters, and titanium sulfate and lanthanum nitrate for improving the sugar content of the sugar beets are added, so that the special fertilizer is balanced in nutrition; necessary macro-elements, medium-elements and microelements for the sugar beets in the total growth period can be provided; meanwhile, the pH value of the inland saline-alkali soil can be lowered; the saline-alkali harms are reduced; the soil structure is improved; the soil fertility is improved, and thus the nutrition state of the sugar beets is improved; and the yield and the sugar content of the sugar beets roots are significantly improved.

The invention discloses a saline-alkali soil improvement method which comprises water conservancy improvement, chemical improvement, physical improvement and tillage improvement. The water conservancy improvement comprises a drainage method; an irrigation salt leaching method; the invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a rice planting method, which relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, and has the beneficial effects that various improvement methods are combined, so that the salt content of soil can be effectively reduced, the soil can be loosened, the physical properties of saline-alkali soil can be improved, crop root systems are developed, the stress resistance and disease resistance are improved, saline-alkali sprinkling is avoided, and saline-alkali harm is reduced. The method promotes the development of agriculture, and has extremely important practical significance for sustainable and healthy development of rural economy, land management, ecological environmental protection and the like in China, especially in inland arid agricultural irrigation areas.

The invention aims to solve the problem that soda saline-alkali soil has no good improvement means, and provides a soda saline-alkali soil improver and an improvement method. Steel slag is subjected to acid dissolution, iron, calcium, aluminum, magnesium and other elements in the steel slag are extracted, part of ferrous iron in the steel slag is oxidized into ferric iron through oxidation, a mixed system is dried to prepare an improver, and the improver is quantitatively applied to soda saline-alkali soil to be improved. Iron ions, calcium ions, magnesium ions and aluminum ions in the improver react with carbonate ions and bicarbonate ions in the soda saline-alkali soil to finally generate iron oxyhydroxide, aluminum hydroxide, carbonate or basic carbonate precipitates, so that carbonateions and bicarbonate ions which are relatively great in harm in the soda saline-alkali soil are reduced or eliminated, and meanwhile, the composition of soil ions is changed; and modifying the soda saline-alkali soil into non-soda saline-alkali soil.

The invention discloses an ameliorant combination suitable for secondary saline-alkaline soil in irrigation areas of the Yellow River. The ameliorant combination comprises, by weight, 120-180 parts of a soil loosening agent, 250-400 parts of citric acid residue, 160-200 parts of diatomite of 1,250-2,000 meshes, 120-160 parts of ammonium molybdate, 80-120 parts of sodium selenite, 30-60 parts of seaweed slag, 8-20 parts of straw ash, 800-1,200 parts of coconut residuum and 10-14 parts of microbes. The soil loosening agent is a mixture obtained by crushing peat, dry pine needle, vermiculite, natural zeolite and peanut shell according to the mass ratio of 5:3:1:2:1. According to the ameliorant combination suitable for secondary saline-alkaline soil in irrigation areas of the Yellow River, various nutritional ingredients are reasonably cooperated, and various components are combined mutually, influence each other and coordinate with each other. Then, soil secondary saline-alkalization caused by random fertilization can be avoided.

The invention provides a method for improving soda saline-alkali soil in order to solve the problems that carbonate ions and bicarbonate ions which have great harm in the soda saline-alkali soil withregional and local characteristics are too high in content, and ion composition is imbalanced. According to the method, mineral iron is dissolved out of iron tailings through acid, the iron tailings are chemically oxidized into ferric iron, then a mixed system is dried to prepare an improver, the improver is quantitatively applied to the soda saline-alkali soil to be improved, the carbonate ions and the bicarbonate ions which are greatly harmful in the soda saline-alkali soil are reduced or eliminated, meanwhile, the composition of soil ions is changed, the soda saline-alkali soil is transformed into sulfate saline-alkali soil, and the salt and alkali washing efficiency of the soil is improved.

The invention discloses a coordinated efficient planting method for cotton, watermelons and Chinese cabbages in a saline-alkaline land. The method comprises the steps: planting zones are covered withmulching films, the cotton and the watermelons are subjected to same-film-zone unified layout, narrow rows of the cotton are subjected to twin-row mulching-film covering, and wide rows are free of mulching-film covering and are exposed ground surfaces; every 5 young cotton plants are alternately spaced sequentially, and 1 row of watermelons are transplanted at the inner side of the same film zoneof sequential-alternate spacing of each cotton row in a misaligned manner; and column-type concentrated fertilizer application is carried out under a middle film of each narrow row, the watermelons are pruned by employing a three-vine-orientated outward pruning method, and the Chinese cabbages are interplanted in the wide rows of the cotton after the watermelons are harvested. According to the method, cotton-watermelon-Chinese cabbage-coordinated-accurate-planting heating, soil moisture preserving and salt suppressing ecological effects on the saline-alkaline land through melon vine, mulchingfilm and Chinese cabbage combined full cover are exerted to the maximum, advantage complementing, early germination and stable growth, high quality and high yield, and coordinated high performance ofthe cotton, the watermelons and the Chinese cabbages in the saline-alkaline land are achieved, the yield of unginned cotton of the cotton is increased by 10.0% or more, the yield of the watermelons isincreased by 15.0% or more, the yield of the Chinese cabbages is increased by 5.0% or more, and comprehensive economic benefits are increased remarkably.

The invention belongs to the field of processing of crop treatment agents, and in particular relates to a preparation process of a seed treatment agent. The preparation process of the seed treatment agent comprises the following preparation steps: performing fermentation treatment on organic raw materials; extracting a part, which is dissolved in water, from the fermentation product by a filtering method to obtain fermented concentrated liquid; diluting the concentrated liquid and adjusting the pH value of fermented diluent to be 3.0 to 4.0 with poly-mixed acid; adding chitin-brown alga mixed liquid into the diluent and performing stirring treatment; adding nutritional liquid and a fertilizer synergistic loss controlling agent; performing dissolution and emulsification. The obtained seed treatment agent has good effects of increasing the germination rate of the seeds, promoting rooting and increasing the seedling strengthening rate; remarkable effects of reducing saline-alkali harm and continuous cropping morbidity are achieved; the seed treatment agent adopts natural materials and does not contain chemical pesticide, so the preparation process of the seed treatment agent is efficient and environmentally-friendly; the preparation process of the seed treatment agent accords with the development tendency of the seed treatment agent in the aspects of design concept, selected materials, product effect and the like, and has great social benefit, economic benefit and environmental benefit.

The invention discloses a special weather-resistant mulching film for online drilling and a production method thereof. The weather-resistant mulching film includes a mulching film body; multiple planting holes convenient for crop planting and fertilization are regularly arranged in the mulching film body; the thickness of the mulching film body is 300-2,000 mm, and the thickness of the mulching film body is 0.01-0.02 mm; the diameters of the planting holes are 50-60 mm, and the distances between the adjacent two planting holes are 200-900 mm; and the mulching film body is made by adopting a black polyethylene film material capable of inhibiting the growth of weeds in fields. The mulching film has the function of water seepage during crop growth, so that the coverage of the whole development and growth of crops, rainwater harvesting and soil moisture conservation during mature periods and thermal insulation can be guaranteed, the weeds in the fields can be effectively inhibited, and thefunctional effects of reducing saline-alkali damage to soil can be achieved. The service life of the mulching film can be designed according to needs; and during using, field planting can be carriedout according to holes, so that the labor intensity of drilling can be reduced, vegetable seedlings can be unified and neat in line spacing and spacing, and the sufficient and reasonable utilization of nutrients and light energy around roots can be realized.

The invention discloses a dry land corn cultivation method, and belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: S1, seed treatment: performing screening to obtain high-quality corn, drying seeds in the sun, dressing the seeds with a seed coating agent, and airing the seeds in the shade; S2, soil preparation: removing field sundries, performing weeding, deeply ploughing the land, adding a soil conditioner and a base fertilizer, and then performing shallow ploughing; S3, ridging and sowing; S4, field management: performing irrigation, thinning, final singling and fertilization irrigation; and S5, pest control and timely harvesting. By means of the method, large-area planting of corn in dry land saline-alkali soil is achieved, and the corn yield is increased.