544results about How to "Prevent pests and diseases" patented technology

The invention provides a Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer. Wastes after extraction of Chinese traditional medicines can be fully utilized, utilization of waste materials is realized, and a bactericidal and insect disease preventing organic fertilizer full of nutritional ingredients is also provided for agricultural production. The Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer is prepared by fermenting Chinese medicine residue, excrement of animals, solid waste, bacillus subtilis and EM. The Chinese medicine residue organic fertilizer has the advantages that the Chinese medicine residue, excrement of animals and solid waste are mixed, biological fermentation bacteria are added for carrying out rapid fermentation, organic fertilizer is processed, waste materials are changed into things of value, harm is turned into good, the problem of treatment of abandoned herb residue produced by a Chinese medicine factory is solved, and waste treatment cost is also greatly reduced, so that a win-win situation of environmental protection and economic development is realized. By adopting the organic fertilizer made from the Chinese medicine residue, soil can be effectively improved, crop pest also can be effectively prevented, and quality, yield and safety of crops are improved.

The invention discloses a functional nutrition fertilizer, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 200-500 parts of organic wastes, 20-60 parts of grass carbon, 60-120 parts of livestock manure, 200-600 parts of rice washing water, 50-100 parts of seaweed mud, 10-50 parts of EM bacteria agent, 1-3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 1-3 parts of copper sulfate, 1-3 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.5-2 parts of manganese sulfate, 0.5-3 parts of ammonium molybdate, 0.3-2 parts of sodium tetraborate, 0.3-3 parts of strontium nitrate, 0.5-1 parts of selenium dioxide, 2-6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 3-8 parts of potassium chloride, 2-8 parts of calcium carbonate, 3-10 parts of bentonite, 5-10 parts of urea, 10-50 parts of traditional Chinese medicine extract, and 10-30 parts of traditional Chinese medicine residue fermented product. According to the functional nutrition fertilizer, the nutrition components are complete and balanced, the disease and insect resistance capacity of soil can be enhanced, the fertilizer efficiency of soil can be increased, and the functional nutrition fertilizer has no environment pollution. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the functional nutrition fertilizer.

The invention provides an acidic soil conditioner, and a preparation method and application thereof. The acidic soil conditioner comprises the following components in part by weight: 4 to 8 parts of composite bacterial agent, 80 to 90 parts of acid adjusting factor, 3 to 7 parts of chelate and 2 to 6 parts of organic matter. The acidic soil conditioner adjusts the pH value of soil, promotes formation of soil aggregate structures, improves the physical property of the soil, creates a good ecological environment for the growth of plants, increases organic matters, calcium, magnesium and silicon and the activities thereof, promotes healthy growth of crops, enhances stress resistance and prevents diseases and pests. By adoption of the composite bacterial agent, the constitution of a microflora of the soil can be improved, the microbial activity of the rhizosphere of the crops is enhanced, mineralization of organic pollutants is accelerated, growth of the plants is promoted, and absorption of degradation products and bioremediation of the polluted soil are accelerated. The acidic soil conditioner has no toxicity, residues and pollution, accords with the development tendency of organic pollution-free agriculture and has great popularization and application values.

The invention discloses a liquid film prepared from crop straw fermentation liquid and an application method thereof. The liquid film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 82-99 parts of raw materials, 11-14 parts of film forming agent, 2-3 parts of plasticizer, 1.3-2.5 parts of crosslinking agent, 0.02-0.05 part of initiator, 0.2-0.3 part of pH regulator and 0.1-0.3 part of additional component, wherein the raw materials include 68-79 parts of crop straw fermentation waste liquid or water, 7-10 parts of bentonite, 2-3 parts of modified starch and 5-7 parts of potassium humate; and the additional component is one or more of crofton weed extraction liquid, potassium nitrate, trace elements and composite microbial agent spore powder. The liquid film disclosed by the invention has the advantages of simple proportioning, simple structure, convenience in use, low cost, low labor intensity and degradability; and after degradation, the liquid film can improve the soil texture and aggregate structure so as to improve the fertilizer efficiency.

The invention provides an insect prevention biological fertilizer for honey pomelo, a method for preparing the insect prevention biological fertilizer and application thereof, and belongs to the field of agricultural planting. The insect prevention biological fertilizer comprises raw materials including, by weight, 50-60 parts of coconut shells, 10-15 parts of sawdust, 10-15 parts of corncobs, 20-25 parts of straw, 10-15 parts of bran, 5-10 parts of pomelo branches, 30-40 parts of chicken manure, 25-30 parts of pig manure, 150-200 parts of plant extracting agents and 0.08-0.12 part of complex microbial agents. The raw materials are fermented to obtain the insect prevention biological fertilizer. The invention further provides a method for applying the insect prevention biological fertilizer for the honey pomelo. The insect prevention biological fertilizer, the methods and the application have the advantages that a formula for the insect prevention biological fertilizer and the methods are combined with one another, and accordingly the survival rate of honey pomelo plants can be increased; diseases and insect pests further can be prevented, and the production cost can be saved; soil in planting lands further can be improved, the insect prevention biological fertilizer and the methods are environmentally friendly and are applicable to systematically planting the honey pomelo plants on a large scale.

The invention discloses ecologically agricultural cultured soil as well as a preparation method and an application method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: A, uniformly mixing organic raw materials and mineral fertilizer raw materials, and adding beneficial bacteria to ferment to obtain a functional multielement ecological fertilizer; B, culturing edible bacteria on a large scale or breeding medium- and small-sized livestock in a fermenting bed on a large scale in a composite heliogreenhouse in a soil wall-crown structure to obtain a byproduct as an ecological organic matrix; C, taking loose coal ash, slags, decomposed coal or gangue with pores as a mineral matrix; D, using common field surface soil; and E, compounding the functional multielement ecological fertilizer, the ecological organic matrix, the mineral matrix and the soil to prepare the ecologically agricultural cultured soil. According to the invention, the multifunctional multielement ecological fertilizer and the ecological organic matrix are produced with high quality and efficiency on a large scale throughout the year dependent on abundant planting and breeding of agriculture and forestry as well as biomass byproduct resources, so that the modern ecologically agricultural cultured soil is built.

Provided is a formula fertilizer for wheat. The formula fertilizer comprises a base fertilizer and a foliage fertilizer, the base fertilizer is applied before wheat sowing, and the foliage fertilizer is sprayed in the wheat growth period. The base fertilizer is prepared from, by mass, 80-100 parts of a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, 4-8 parts of medium and trace elements, 0.05-0.1 part of rare earth elements, 60-100 parts of an organic fertilizer, 10-15 parts of fluorspar powder and 12-20 parts of vermiculite; the foliage fertilizer is prepared from, by mass, 10-15 parts of urea, 6-8 parts of potassium sulphate, 1-1.6 parts of magnesium sulfate, 1.2-1.8 parts of zinc sulfate, 0.8-1 part of borax, 0.5-0.8 part of sodium selenite, 1.2-1.6 parts of ferrous sulfate, 30-40 parts of amino acid, 20-25 parts of humic acid, 0.5-1 part of glycerol, 1.2-1.8 parts of Chinese herb extracts and 0.1-0.5 part of a plant regulator. The formula fertilizer for the wheat accords with the fertilizer needing law of crops, is suitable for being applied in the whole process of the wheat and eliminates the trouble that farmers blindly apply the fertilizer, and the fertilizer needs to be selected multiple times.

The invention provides a method for cultivating and planting stereoscopic dendrobium and relates to the technical field of plant cultivation. Firstly, the roots of a cluster of 3-5 cleaned and disinfected bottle seedlings are wrapped by a soft water absorbent material; and then, the well wrapped bottle seedlings are embedded into grid holes so as to be fixed, peripheral grid holes of each cluster are respectively not occupied so that the wrapping parts of the roots are daily managed in a suspension state, and the bottle seedlings can be transplanted after 2-6 months. A flexible cloth which is folded into two layers or a plurality of layers through a folding mode penetrates through the grids of a stereoscopic grid-shaped sheet to form bag shapes one by one, a water-absorbing air permeable matrix is arranged in each bag at the two sides of the stereoscopic grid-shaped planting sheet, and the well cultured dendrobium is transplanted into each bag. The method has the advantages of simple structure, light weight, greatly saved space, increased utilization ratios of greenhouses and lands, and improved cultivation efficiency and time of dendrobium seedlings.

The invention belongs to the field of pesticide and fertilizer compounding, and relates to a pesticide fertilizer special for root-knot nematode prevention. The pesticide fertilizer is prepared as follows: according to the infestation habits of root-knot nematodes and the fertilizer requirement law of crops, selecting the pesticide active ingredients ivermectin and/or fosthiazate, selecting one or more kinds of materials capable of improving the resilience of crops, such as chitin, humic acid and seaweed fertilizer, selecting and adding major element fertilizer, secondary element fertilizer and minor element fertilizer, and adding a carrier, so as to obtain the pesticide fertilizer special for root-knot nematode prevention. The ingredients in the pesticide fertilizer match with the infestation habits of root-knot nematodes and the nutrient absorption law of crops, so as to improve the pesticide and fertilizer utilization rate, reduce the investment costs, improve the soil environment, and lessen the agricultural non-point source pollution.

The invention discloses a novel three-dimensional compound planting method for an ecological tea garden. Overshadowing trees are planted suitably to reach a shading coefficient of 20 to 30 percent on the two sides of a road of the tea garden and around the tea garden. Green manure is planted between rows and in open spaces of the tea garden. Poultries are stocked, and stocking density is 50 to 100 chickens per mu. A balance relationship between the natural environment and animals, plants and microorganisms is used for the symbiotic cooperation of many kinds of animals and plants and the contradictive and supplemental balance of many kinds of insects in a food chain to realize the virtuous circle of a biologic chain. Energy and substances such as soil productivity, sunlight and water are fully used for realizing a multilevel green protection ecosystem, controlling water and soil loss, preventing pest and disease damage, preventing the use of chemical pesticides in the tea garden, solving the problem of pesticide residues on tealeaves and ensuring the yield and quality of the tealeaves.

The invention provides organic fertilizer special for rice and a preparing method thereof and belongs to the technical field of agricultural fertilizer. The fertilizer is prepared from 80-100 parts of fruit peel, 60-80 parts of edible fungus leftovers, 60-80 parts of animal dung, 20-30 parts of medical stone, 5-15 parts of radix semiaquilegiae extracts, 10-20 parts of prismatomeris tetrandra extracts, 3-5 parts of compound microorganism bacterium agent, 40-50 parts of humus, 5-15 parts of potassium chloride, 5-8 parts of ardealite and 2-3 parts of microelements. Through scientific compatibility, the fertilizer has various nutrient elements and highly accords with the nutrient absorption characteristics of rice in different growth periods, fertilizer efficiency is long, the yield of rice is increased, the traditional Chinese medicine ingredient extracts can effectively prevent diseases and pests, and safety performance is high. Furthermore, ardealite can be effectively utilized, the utilization rate of ardealite is increased, the soil environment can be effectively improved, the breathability, water retention capacity and fertilizer conservation capacity of soil are improved, and soil hardening is prevented.

The invention provides a grafting method for chestnut trees. The method comprises: a first step of making preparations for grafting, the first steps comprising the substeps of rootstock selection of selecting a chestnut sapling with a thickness of 1.5-1.8 centimeters, which is cut at the position 20 centimeters away from the ground, as a root stock, root stock management of applying compound fertilizer to the rootstock in autumn, and scion selection of selecting a knot-to-knot chestnut scion with the length not greater than 0.5 centimeter as the scion; a second step of performing grafting when a bud of the prepared rootstock is 0.5 centimeter long; a third step of applying varnish to a bare part and a union of the scion; a fourth step of performing post-grafting management; a fifth step of performing management after survival. The step of applying varnish to the bare portion and the union of the scion is used as a water retention method for the grafting and the method can better reduce the evaporation of water of grafting branches, can effectively prevent plant diseases and insect pests in the grafting process and thus can increase the rate of survival of grafting. The effects are especially remarkable in grafting in high temperature seasons of summer and autumn.

The invention refers to a method for producing a kind of wine. When the diameter of green balsam pear reaches to 10-20 mm, it is cultivated in a transparent glass bottle, after it is mature, the invention accomplishes the producing of the whole balsam pear wine through plucking, cleaning, sterilization, pouring wine, packing and storing. The product of this invention has excellent effect.

The invention discloses a greenhouse system and a greenhouse plantation method. The greenhouse system comprises a supporting frame and a first greenhouse film arranged on the supporting frame. The greenhouse system is characterized by also comprising a film rolling mechanism, wherein the film rolling mechanism comprises a film rolling shaft for rolling the first greenhouse film, and a driving mechanism which drives the film rolling shaft to move; the film rolling shaft is provided with a rotation part used for converting linear movement into rotary movement to drive the film rolling shaft to rotate; the supporting frame is also provided with a cooperation part used for cooperating with the rotation part to drive the rotation part to rotate; the lower edge of the first greenhouse film is arranged on the film rolling shaft. The greenhouse system is automatically started in a large range, and the quality of agricultural products is improved.

The invention provides microbial organic fertilizer by using papermaking sludge as raw material and a preparation method thereof; the microbial organic fertilizer comprises strains, absorption carrier and fermenting carrier, wherein the strain is mixed composite microbial agent prpared by mixingequal weight ratio of thermophilic fat bacillus licheniformis, trichoderma harzianum, lactobacillus planetarium and saccharomyces cerevisiae; the mixed composite microbial agent is inoculated on the fermenting carrier; the composite microbial agent is formed after the absorption carrier absorbs strain mixed liquid; the absorption carrier is crop straw; the fermenting carrier is the paper mill sludge or a mixture of the paper mill sludge and the crop straw; the strain mixed liquid is the mixture of thermophilic fat bacillus licheniformis, trichoderma harzianum, lactobacillus planetarium and saccharomyces cerevisiael; the preparation method comprises the following steps: cultivating and fermenting each strain respectively, then, mixing the strain culture liquid according to proportion, absorbing the strain culture liquid by the absorption carrier so as to obtain the composite microbial agent; drying at a low temperature until moisture content is less than 30%; inoculating the composite microbial agent to the fermenting carrier, and carrying out mixed fermentation for 28-30 days so as to obtain a product. The preparation method is characterized by simple technology without using special equipment; prepared microbial organic fertilizer can boost crop increase production and improve product quality; in addition, environment stink can be eliminated effectively; and environment can be purified.

The invention relates to a cultivation model of three-row peanuts in a large ridge and intercropped corn in furrows, which is a novel scientific planting technology, changes the traditional planting method and simultaneously plants two kinds of plants with high and short stalks. The cultivation model of the three-row peanuts in the large ridge and the intercropped corn in the furrows comprises the following steps of planting peanuts in a ridge table, changing the original two ridges to one ridge, planting three rows of the peanuts in the ridge, and planting corn in the furrows. According to the cultivation model of the three-row peanuts in the large ridge and the intercropped corn in the furrows, the border effect of the corn is remarkable, and each corn is planted on the border so as to facilitate the crop rotation and the irrigation; complete stalks or high stubbles of the corn after the autumn can be reserved in the field to be utilized as wind curtains for stopping and slowing down the wind, so that the soil loss is released, meanwhile the soil organic matters are increased and the soil is fertilized; when the two kinds of plants are planted in a matching manner, the corn can keep out the wind and the cold, shade and prevent the drought for the peanuts; the root system of the corn is well developed and enjoys water and fertilizers, and after being planted in the furrows, the corn can fully absorb the rainwater in the furrows after raining and the lost fertilizer of a shallow surface layer, so that the growth of the corn is facilitated; the corn is planted in separate furrows, so that the ventilation effect is good, and the pest and disease damage is effectively prevented from occurring.

The invention discloses special biological organic fertilizer for cucumbers and a preparation method of the special biological organic fertilizer, which belong to the technical field of organic fertilizers. The fertilizer is prepared from cattle and sheep excrement, corn straws, peanut seedlings, hazelnut meal, humic acid, brown sugar, EM fungicide, rhizoma coptidis, honeysuckle flower, Houttuynia cordata, radix isatidis, urea, trace elements, attapulgite, sepiolite powder, soil conditioner and a composite microorganism agent according to a given weight proportion. The fertilizer has rich nutrients, satisfies the nutrient demand for the growth of the cucumbers at different periods, can effectively improve the physical and chemical properties of the soil, can improve the water and fertility retention capacity of the soil, can prevent various physical and chemical diseases of plants, and can effectively improve and the yield and quality of the cucumbers.