186 results about "Few layer graphene" patented technology

A photodetector which uses single or multi-layer graphene as the photon detecting layer is disclosed. Multiple embodiments are disclosed with different configurations of electrodes. In addition, a photodetector array comprising multiple photodetecting elements is disclosed for applications such as imaging and monitoring.

The invention discloses a method for preparing single-layer graphene. The method comprises the following steps of: 1) preparing an alloy substrate; and 2) in the hydrogen and inert atmosphere, catalyzing to grow graphene on the surface of the alloy substrate obtained in the step 1) by a chemical vapor deposition method, thereby finishing the preparation of the single-layer graphene. The method makes use of the characteristics of two or more alloy metals in the alloy substrate, realizes control on the decomposition, diffusion and precipitation processes of a carbon source, simply and efficiently restrains the precipitation process of carbon dissolved in the metal substrate to enable the graphene to be capable of growing in a surface catalytic manner to obtain the single-layer graphene withuniform layer distribution, and is suitable for industrial production and particularly for the controllable preparation of single-layer or few-layer graphene.

The invention discloses a method for preparing fewer-layer graphene on the basis of biomass waste, which comprises the following steps: carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the biomass waste, and carrying out carbonization by heating and calcination, thereby obtaining a carbonization material; immersing the carbonization material in an acid solution to remove impurities, thereby obtaining biomass carbon; and quickly heating the biomass carbon in an argon atmosphere, and carrying out high-temperature graphitization to obtain the biomass fewer-layer graphene. The hydrothermal process is combined with the high-temperature graphitization to directly strip the biomass waste, and the carbonization and high-temperature graphitization are carried out. Thus, the prepared biomass fewer-layer graphene has the advantages of fewer layers (2-10 layers), fewer defects, fewer oxy groups, high electric conductivity and small carbon layer interval. The method is simple to operate, has the advantages of low cost and high graphene yield, and can easily implement industrialized large-scale production. The prepared biomass fewer-layer graphene can be used in the fields of lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors and the like, is beneficial to green production of battery industry, and has important practical value and favorable application prospects.

The invention discloses a graphene and carbon nanotube mixed enhanced metal-matrix composite material and a preparation method thereof. The graphene and carbon nanotube mixed enhanced metal-matrix composite material is characterized in that graphene and a carbon nanotube are mutually connected to constitute an enhanced network in a metal matrix, wherein the graphene is few-layer graphene with 10 layers or less, the radius-thickness ratio of the graphene is larger than 200, and the volume fraction of the graphene is 0.1-1%; and the carbon nanotube is a single-wall, double-wall or multi-wall carbon nanotube, the length-diameter ratio of the carbon nanotube is larger than 20, and the volume fraction of the carbon nanotube is 0.5-5%. Compared with the composite material enhanced only by the carbon nanotube, the graphene and carbon nanotube mixed enhanced metal-matrix composite material disclosed by the invention not only has greatly improved mechanical properties, but also has more excellent electric conduction and heat conduction properties, and is a multi-purpose structure and function integrated material. In addition, the preparation method provided by the invention based on slurry blending and graphene oxide reduction is simple and efficient and is easy for large-scale production.

The invention discloses a preparation method of fewer-layer graphene, which comprises the following steps of: putting graphite into solution containing a tetraalkyl-substituted quaternary ammonium cation and OH- for ultrasonic treatment in combination with a liquid phase intercalation technology and a microwave irradiation technology, so that the tetraalkyl-substituted quaternary ammonium cation is inserted into the middle of a graphite layer to form an intercalation layer, and the spacing of the graphite layer is increased; then carrying out microwave irradiation on the treated graphite, so that the graphite intercalation layer is decomposed to generate a large quantity of gas and further increase the spacing of the graphite layer; successively dispersing the treated graphite in a low-polarity organic solvent for ultrasonic treatment, so that the graphite is stripped to generate the grapheme; and finally carrying out centrifugal treatment to obtain upper-layer liquid after treatment, i.e. fewer-layer graphene dispersion liquid. The preparation method has the advantages of simplicity in operation, short time consumption, low cost, high grapheme yield, good repeatability and easy realization of industrialized mass production; and the fewer-layer graphene prepared by the preparation method is below 10 in quantity of layers and has the advantages of fewer defects, fewer oxygen-contained groups and high conductivity.

The invention relates to a preparation method for lubricating oil of graphene loaded nanometer oxides, and belongs to the technical field of lubricating oil. The preparation method adopts the technical scheme that a graphene oxide solution is subjected to low-speed separation, and supernatant liquid is taken for use; the supernatant liquid and nanometer oxides are mixed and are subjected to freeze drying to obtain fluffy few-layer graphene oxide and nanometer oxide composite powder; the composite powder is heated in a vacuum state until the constant drying condition is reached, the composite powder in the constant drying condition and base oil are blended to be put in a sealed reaction kettle for heating treatment, and after the filtering or centrifugal separation, the repeated washing is carried out for 3 to 5 times to obtain an oleophylic graphene nanometer oxide compound; the oleophylic graphene nanometer oxide compound is uniformly mixed with composite additives and the base oil to obtain the lubricating oil of the graphene loaded nanometer oxides. The preparation method has the advantages that the process is simple; the performance price ratio is high; all ingredients have excellent dispersibility and stability. The prepared lubricating oil has good lubricating performance and high carrying capacity, and the beneficial influence can be generated on the lubricating oil in the aspects of viscosity-temperature characteristics, heat conduction effect and the like.

The invention provides a preparation method of graphene dispersion liquid. The preparation method of graphene dispersion liquid comprises the following steps of: preparing dispersion liquid by using a dispersing agent; then adding the graphene into the dispersion liquid to obtain graphene liquid; and carrying out ultrasonic, refining and dispersing treatment on the graphene liquid to obtain the graphene dispersion liquid. The graphene suspension liquid prepared by the method is good in dispersion fissility and even in grain size and can exist stably; the performance of the graphene is not affected; the size distribution of the few-layer graphene ranges from 300 nanometers to 1 micro; the thickness is 2-10 layers; and the stable storage period is more than three months under the room-temperature condition. By adopting the preparation method, the technical problems that the dispersibility of graphene nanometer materials is poor in water and normal-temperature organic solvent, and the like are solved, the compatibility and the dispersibility of graphene in various composite materials are improved, the application fields of graphene are greatly improved, and the unitization, the standardization and the micromation of the graphene application can be realized well.

Provided is a lithium or sodium metal battery having an anode, a cathode, and a porous separator and/or an electrolyte, wherein the anode contains an integral 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam composed of multiple pores, pore walls, and a lithium-attracting metal residing in the pores; wherein the metal is selected from Au, Ag, Mg, Zn, Ti, Na, K, Al, Fe, Mn, Co, Ni, Sn, V, Cr, or an alloy thereof and is in an amount of 0.1% to 50% of the total hybrid foam weight or volume, and the pore walls contain single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets chemically bonded by a carbon material having a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/200 to 1/2, wherein graphene sheets contain a pristine graphene or non-pristine graphene selected from graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, or a combination thereof.

The invention discloses a method for preparing graphene from biomass waste, which comprises the following steps: pretreating biomass waste with white lime to obtain a biomass residue; and carrying out desilication hydrolysis, carbonization and carbonization material decalcification impurity removal on the biomass residue, and quickly heating to perform high-temperature graphitization. The prepared graphene has the advantages of fewer layers (2-10 layers), fewer defects, fewer oxy groups, high electric conductivity and small carbon layer interval. The prepared biomass fewer-layer graphene has a certain mesoporous structure, and is especially suitable to be used in the fields of lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors and the like. The method is simple in technique and convenient to operate, has the advantages of low cost and high graphene yield, and can easily implement industrialized large-scale production.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a graphene reinforced aluminum-based composite with multi-layer graphene nanoplatelets as raw materials, and relates to a method for the graphene reinforced aluminum-based composite. The method aims to solve the problems that the dispersion difficulty of single-layer or few-layer graphene is high in the preparation method of a graphene reinforced aluminum-based composite at present and the cost of the graphene reinforced aluminum-based composite is high. The preparation method comprises the steps that the multi-layer graphene nanoplatelets, aluminum metal and commercial pure aluminum blocks are weighed; secondly, the multi-layer graphene nanoplatelets are dispersed, and precast blocks are molded; thirdly, the aluminum metal is infiltrated; fourthly, severe plastic deformation treatment is conducted; and fifthly, composition homogenization treatment is conducted. The low-cost multi-layer graphene nanoplatelets are used as reinforcement raw materials, so that the cost is obviously lowered compared with composites with few-layer graphene as reinforcements directly; and the prepared graphene reinforced aluminum-based composite is excellent in comprehensive performance, and industrialization production and application can be achieved easily. The method is suitable for preparation of the graphene reinforced aluminum-based composite.

The invention discloses a high-concentration few-layer graphene composite material, a component of a lithium battery electrode and preparation, belonging to the technical field of preparation of electrode materials. The preparation method disclosed by the invention comprises the following steps: firstly preparing expansion graphite, then mixing and stirring a dispersing agent, a liquid carrier, an anion type surface active agent and a defoaming agent to prepare mixed liquor, then adding the expansion graphite into the mixed liquor, performing cleavage through a high-shearing cleavage device to get high-concentration few-layer graphene, finally mixing with a binding agent and a lithium battery active material to form electrode slurry, and coating to prepare an electrode. The prepared graphene in the invention has the properties of high electric conduction, high thermal conductivity, high concentration and easiness in dispersion, the material is doped into positive and negative pole materials of a lithium battery for preparing pole pieces, the electron conductivity can be effectively increased, the internal resistance of the battery can be greatly reduced, the heat produced by the battery during charge and discharge can be reduced, and the power density, the energy density, the safety and the cycle life of the battery can be further upgraded.

The invention relates to expandable polystyrene beads prepared from expandable few-layer graphene and a preparing method of the expandable polystyrene beads.Electrochemical intercalation is carried out on natural flake graphite with concentrated sulfuric acid, and a graphite interlayer compound with the interlayer space enlarged is obtained; few-layer graphene is obtained through ultrasonic concussion layer removing, the few-layer graphene is subjected to secondary intercalation with a chemical method, water washing and drying, and the expandable few-layer graphene is obtained; then, the expandable few-layer graphene and polystyrene monomers are subjected to suspension polymerization, and the expandable polystyrene beads prepared from the expandable few-layer graphene is obtained.According to the expandable polystyrene beads prepared from the expandable few-layer graphene and the preparing method of the expandable polystyrene beads, the expandable few-layer graphene is introduced into expandable polystyrene, and expandable graphene can be highly and uniformly dispersed in the expandable polystyrene beads, so that high infrared reflectivity in a cavity of expandable polystyrene is ensured, the heat insulation performance is good, and the expandable few-layer graphene can show the flame-retardant effects of smothering flames and insulating heat radiation.The flame retardant grade of a foam plate prepared from the expandable polystyrene beads reaches the B1 grade, and the heat conductivity value ranges from 0.028 W/(m.K) to 0.032 W/(m.K).

Provided is a graphene-based coating suspension comprising multiple graphene sheets, thin film coating of an anti-corrosive pigment or sacrificial metal deposited on graphene sheets, and a binder resin dissolved or dispersed in a liquid medium, wherein the multiple graphene sheets contain single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets selected from a pristine graphene material having essentially zero % of non-carbon elements, or a non-pristine graphene material having 0.001% to 47% by weight of non-carbon elements wherein the non-pristine graphene is selected from graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenated graphene, nitrogenated graphene, doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, or a combination thereof. The invention also provides a process for producing this coating suspension. Also provided is an object or structure coated at least in part with such a coating.

A process for rapid synthesis of few-layer graphene films on Cu foil by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD). The plasma/metal interaction can be useful for a rapid synthesis of such thin films. The process can produce films of controllable quality from amorphous to highly crystalline by adjusting plasma conditions during growth processes of ˜100 sec duration and with little or no supplemental substrate heating. Films have been characterized using Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The results help to identify the stages involved in the MPCVD deposition of thin carbon films on Cu foil. In yet other embodiments, the films are doped during synthesis by introduction of nitrogen gas in the reactor. Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy reveal crystal structure and chemical characteristics. Nitrogen concentrations up to approximately 2 atomic % are observed. The growth process requires only a few minutes without supplemental substrate heating and offers a promising path toward large-scale synthesis of nitrogen-doped graphene films.

An anode material for a lithium ion battery, comprising an oxygen-containing carbon where oxygen is in the form of functional groups, the oxygen being distributed gradient from the surface to the inside of the carbon, and the carbon having an interlayer space d₀₀₂ larger than 0.3357 nm; and a porous graphene layer covering the oxygen-containing carbon, the graphene being in the form of monolayer or few-layer graphene.

The invention provides a preparation method of three-dimensional graphene structure/high-quality graphene. The method comprises the steps of carrying out intercalation treatment on natural flake graphite or synthetic graphite to prepare a graphite intercalation compound; and carrying out expansion treatment on the obtained graphite intercalation compound in an expanding agent to obtain a three-dimensional graphene structure with high specific surface area. A high-quality single-layer or few-layer graphene dispersion liquid is obtained through ball-milling, shearing, high-speed fluid grinding or ultrasonic treatment. The obtained three-dimensional structure has the specific surface area of over 1,000m<2>/g; and the lamellar lattice structure is kept intact. The graphene lattice structure obtained through mechanical exfoliation is kept intact, and has excellent electrical properties; the volume conductivity of a thin film can reach over 1,000S/cm. The prepared graphene material can be widely applied to the fields of energy storage, a composite material, conductive ink, a conductive film and the like. The three-dimensional graphene structure can be directly used as a carbon skeleton with high specific surface area, and can be compounded with various materials such as a polymer, a metal oxide, a metal sulfide and carbon nitride to prepare a composite material with special functionality.

Provided is an integral 3D graphene-carbon hybrid foam composed of multiple pores and pore walls, wherein the pore walls contain single-layer or few-layer graphene sheets chemically bonded by a carbonmaterial having a carbon material-to-graphene weight ratio from 1/100 to 1/2, wherein the few-layer graphene sheets have 2-10 layers of stacked graphene planes having an inter-plane spacing doo2 from0.3354 nm to 0.40 nm and the graphene sheets contain a pristine graphene material having essentially zero % of non-carbon elements, or a non-pristine graphene material having 0.01% to 25% by weight of non-carbon elements wherein said non-pristine graphene is selected from graphene oxide, reduced graphene oxide, graphene fluoride, graphene chloride, graphene bromide, graphene iodide, hydrogenatedgraphene, nitrogenated graphene, doped graphene, chemically functionalized graphene, or a combination thereof. Also provided are a process for producing the hybrid form, products containing the hybridfoam, and its applications.