20 results about "Mass transport" patented technology

Systems and apparatus may carry out analysis of battery physical phenomena, and characterize batteries based on phenomena occurring in particular time and / or frequency domains. These systems may be additionally responsible for charging and / or monitoring a rechargeable battery. Examples of battery physical phenomena include mass transport (e.g., diffusion and / or migration) in battery electrolytes, mass transport in battery electrodes, and reactions on battery electrodes.

Systems and apparatus may carry out analysis of battery physical phenomena, and characterize batteries based on phenomena occurring in particular time and / or frequency domains. These systems may be additionally responsible for charging and / or monitoring a rechargeable battery. Examples of battery physical phenomena include mass transport (e.g., diffusion and / or migration) in battery electrolytes, mass transport in battery electrodes, and reactions on battery electrodes.

The invention belongs to the field of lasers, and discloses a growth method for reducing laser Ith through N grating burying, which subversively adopts an N-type grating structure, uses a built-in P-N junction formed by the N-type grating structure and a subsequent P-type buried layer as a natural and efficient current blocking layer, and structurally eliminates a current leakage path. Afterwards, in the heating stage, trace arsine is introduced to carry out atomic-scale protection on the sensitive grating morphology, at the optimal mass transport temperature, the high mobility characteristic of indium atoms is utilized to carry out shape-preserving filling on grating grooves, flawless preliminary planarization is achieved, and through variable-temperature thickening growth and high-temperature annealing in the pure phosphorus atmosphere, the high-temperature-resistant grating is obtained. And performing quality optimization and defect repair on the buried layer and the key interface. The series of linked steps ensure that the indium phosphide buried layer with flat atomic scale and complete crystal lattice can grow on the fragile N-type grating, and ensure that a high-quality covering layer and an active region grow on the N-type grating.

The present invention relates to systems, compositions and methods for multicellular bioprinting vascularized tissue constructs comprising a hierarchical vascular network. The methods employ a dual bio-ink strategy involving fibrous microgel matrix bio-inks with adjustable hardness, self-healing rheology, and microporosity to support capillary self-assembly, and sacrificial bio-inks that define a large pourable channel after removal. The system integrates top-down printing and bottom-up cell self-organization within a programmable bio-printing platform. The key aspect of the invention is to engineer the physical topography of the matrix to actively guide vascular morphogenesis beyond conventional permissive stents. The integrated platform enables the manufacture of complex bionic vascular networks with enhanced mass delivery, cellular viability, and in vivo integration potential. The invention represents an important progress in the aspect of extendable production of functional human tissues, and has application in regenerative medicine, disease modeling and drug discovery.

The integrated microfluidic detection chip comprises a liquid conveying channel, the upper end and the lower end of the liquid conveying channel are each provided with an inlet, the center position of the side end of the liquid conveying channel is communicated with a mixing channel, the other end of the mixing channel is communicated with a flow velocity difference channel, and the flow velocity difference channel is communicated with a flow velocity sensor. An electrode detection disc is arranged on the side face of the flow velocity difference channel in a communicating mode, and a circular barrier is fixedly arranged in the electrode detection disc. Compared with a traditional detection chip, the integrated microfluidic detection chip based on dual-channel flow velocity difference vortex enhancement has the following remarkable advantages: a breakthrough in mass transfer limit is achieved: through multiple physical coupling of dual-channel flow velocity difference, incident angle optimization and a circular barrier, substance transmission is converted from single molecule diffusion to active vortex driving; the bottleneck that mass transfer of a microfluidic system is limited is solved, and in-situ dynamic refreshing of a detection interface is realized by an automatically generated discrete sample injection mode.

The application discloses a wafer production process optimization method and device for improving epitaxial rate consistency, and particularly relates to the technical field of production process optimization; by collecting wafer surface stress change data and wafer geometric appearance data in the epitaxial process, a wafer local area heat conduction and mass transfer evaluation model and an epitaxial reaction cavity three-dimensional simulation geometric model are constructed, wafer local heat mass transport dynamic characteristic parameters and wafer boundary layer heat mass transport dynamic characteristic parameters are output; according to the wafer local heat mass transport dynamic characteristic parameters, a wafer local area epitaxial rate change trend is predicted, according to the wafer boundary layer heat mass transport dynamic characteristic parameters, the influence of wafer local boundary layer change on precursor concentration distribution and local area epitaxial rate is analyzed, epitaxial rate trend prediction data and epitaxial rate disturbance prediction data are generated, and the temperature setting and precursor flow control strategy of wafer epitaxial process are optimized, so that the manufacturing quality and yield of the wafer are improved.

According to the femtosecond laser transient regulation and control-long pulse laser melting collaborative additive manufacturing system, transient excitation is conducted on electrons in a high-melting-point material through femtosecond laser pulses, selective heating is conducted on an excitation area through long pulse laser, and the optical absorption characteristic of the excitation area on the long pulse laser is changed; the energy absorption efficiency of an excitation area is improved, the power density required by forming is reduced, and molten pool heat mass transportation is stabilized, so that high-quality, high-precision and high-efficiency additive manufacturing of ceramic, glass powder or metal / ceramic multi-material powder is realized, and the method is particularly used for manufacturing large, medium and small components with complex structures; the formed parts can be widely applied to various fields of aviation, aerospace, automobiles, medical treatment, scientific research and the like; therefore, the problems that high-quality, high-precision and high-efficiency of high-melting-point ceramic, glass, metal powder or multi-material powder laser additive materials cannot be considered in the prior art, and light path alignment is complex in a heteroaxial double-laser system are solved.

This invention relates to the field of porous materials technology, and in particular provides a method for constructing a nested network model of porous materials. The method includes: acquiring the three-dimensional morphology of the porous material; obtaining the solid 3D spatial position and size distribution information of the porous material's catalyst layer based on the 3D morphology, and obtaining the actual porosity of the catalyst layer; constructing a nested network model of the porous material's catalyst layer based on the 3D spatial position and size distribution information of the porous material using a regular network extraction method or an improved MS-RVT algorithm; using equations to describe the mass transport, charge transport, heat transport, and electrochemical reaction processes in the nested network model; solving the equations to obtain the mass concentration of all pores, the temperature of all nodes, and the chemical reaction rate. This invention reflects the true microstructure of porous catalysts and can obtain the mass transport and reaction rate distribution throughout the entire catalyst region.

The invention discloses a method and a device for assisting in enhancing substance transmission through precise fixed-point blasting of nano-particles, and belongs to the field of materials and chemical engineering. The device comprises a working solution supply circulating system, an electrolytic machining system, a fixed-point blasting regulation and control system, a mass transfer monitoring system and a motion control system, by designing the multifunctional multi-layer nano-particles and utilizing a targeted positioning mechanism of the multifunctional multi-layer nano-particles, precise blasting of a passivation film, diffusion of bubbles in machining gaps and convection of working solution are achieved, and the purpose of precise blasting of the passivation film is achieved. The nano-particles are accurately adsorbed to a passive film area under the action of an electric field and chemical bonds, and a signal initiates fixed-point blasting to damage the passive film; pressure waves generated by explosion promote bubble diffusion and convection of working liquid, and bubbles escape from the upper portion of the machining area; and synchronously releasing a hydroxyapatite precipitant, gradually polymerizing dispersed small solid product groups into large groups, precipitating, and discharging from the lower part of the processing area. According to the method, a passive film is damaged through precise blasting, interelectrode substance transmission is accelerated, the interelectrode mass transfer efficiency and machining stability are remarkably improved, and therefore the bottleneck of industrial machining efficiency is broken through, and the method is especially suitable for titanium-aluminum alloy, metal glass, silicon-based wafers and the like. And high-efficiency and high-precision processing of difficult-to-process conductive materials such as composite metal and the like which are easy to form surface passivation films, oxidation films, barrier films, insulating films and the like is realized.

The present invention discloses a novel multi-port inlet interdigitated flow field design with a cross-feed cooling loop for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers (PEMWEs). The flow field design comprises multiple inlet ports converging at the rear of the bipolar plate, leading to holes that allow reactant entry into the interdigitated flow field for uniform distribution. The cross-feed cooling loop, integrated with a flow reversal mechanism, circulates coolant in a cross-flow direction relative to the reactant flow, minimizing temperature gradients. The invention further includes an O-ring and channels at the back of the bipolar plate, facilitating the implementation of multiple parallel-feed ports for even pressure and flow at the inlet of each anode cell. This design enhances mass transport, improves reactant distribution, and provides efficient thermal management in PEMWEs.

The invention relates to an intelligent prediction method for CO2 miscible flooding leading edge migration of an unconventional reservoir. The method comprises the steps that a CO2 miscible flooding leading edge migration prediction data set considering the type of the unconventional reservoir is established; the method comprises the following steps: establishing a CO2 mass transport equation considering an injection-production relationship, stress sensitivity and a starting pressure gradient on the basis of source-sink unit characterization of the dynamic injection-production relationship; constructing a convection diffusion equation considering a CO2-rock adsorption effect; constructing a CO2 miscible flooding front migration prediction model, and defining a CO2 miscible flooding front based on the prediction model; and introducing a pelican optimization algorithm to carry out fitting optimization on the permeability, the starting pressure gradient and the Langmuir adsorption constant, and dynamically optimizing the CO2 miscible flooding leading edge migration prediction model to realize intelligent prediction of CO2 miscible flooding leading edge migration. According to the method, the prediction of the leading edge migration in the process of improving the recovery efficiency by the CO2 miscible-phase flooding can be quantitatively and scientifically realized.

The application discloses a porous medium heat and mass transport physical field prediction method, system, device and medium. The porous medium heat and mass transport physical field prediction method comprises the following steps: obtaining dimensionally homogeneous input data of a porous medium heat and mass transport process under a target working condition, wherein the dimensionally homogeneous input data at least comprises pore structure, initial boundary value conditions and physical property parameters; taking the dimensionally homogeneous input data as data of an input end of a prediction model, and obtaining a prediction result of the porous medium heat and mass transport physical field corresponding to the target working condition through the prediction model, wherein the prediction model is pre-trained according to a pair of dimensionally homogeneous input and output data obtained from pre-obtained porous medium heat and mass transport physical field data and heat and mass transport control equations, and the pair of dimensionally homogeneous input and output data comprises dimensionally homogeneous input data and dimensionally homogeneous output data under corresponding conditions. By adopting the application, the prediction efficiency of the porous medium heat and mass transport physical field can be effectively improved, and the cost investment of prediction can be reduced.

This disclosure relates to skin tissue systems, devices, and methods. Systems described include ones comprising: a tissue sample; an insert; and a porous layer configured to promote mass transport into the tissue sample; wherein the skin tissue system is capable of supporting tissue viability for at least one week. Methods described include ones for skin tissue analysis comprising: contacting a skin tissue array with at least one test agent; measuring a plurality of datasets following the contacting; mapping the plurality of datasets based on a scoring panel result; and generating at least one threshold criteria for selecting the therapeutic agent from the at least one test agent based on the mapped datasets. Such innovations described herein provide for an ex vivo model tissue system and use of the model tissue system for analytical activities such as screening of nutrients, pharmaceutical activity, and toxicity in tissue samples.

The present disclosure generally relates to fuel cell systems and methods comprising one or more bipolar plates. The bipolar plates are configured to comprise different flow field channel arrangements. Each channel in the flow field channel arrangements is configured to comprise a micro-channel and a primary channel.

Disclosed are flow-through electrode devices and techniques for making flow-through electrodes. In one aspect, a flow through electrode apparatus comprises one or more fiber layers. Each fiber layer comprises a plurality of fibers oriented to be orthogonal to a flow direction of a fluid. The plurality of fibers are configured to cause an inertial flow of the fluid around the plurality of fibers at a first flow rate of the fluid.

Ultrasonic filament modeling systems and methods may be utilized to achieve room-temperature 3-D printing of solid (>95%) metal materials. A vibrating tool is applied to a metal filament to form a voxel, inducing mechanical deformation as well as inter- and intra-layer mass transport. Desired structures may be built on a voxel-by-voxel basis. Additionally, by varying the applied ultrasonic energy, the microstructure of the resulting structure may be controlled.

The application relates to a kind of unconventional reservoir CO2 mixed phase drive front migration intelligent prediction methods, it includes: build considering the CO2 mixed phase drive front migration prediction data set of unconventional reservoir type;Based on the source-sink unit representation of dynamic injection-production relationship, CO2 mass transport equation considering injection-production relationship, stress sensitivity and start-up pressure gradient is established;Convection-diffusion equation considering CO2-rock adsorption effect is constructed;CO2 mixed phase drive front migration prediction model is constructed, and CO2 mixed phase drive front is defined based on the prediction model;Peng Peng optimization algorithm is introduced to carry out fitting optimization to permeability, start-up pressure gradient, Langmuir adsorption constant, and dynamic optimization CO2 mixed phase drive front migration prediction model, the intelligent prediction of CO2 mixed phase drive front migration is realized.The application can quantitatively and scientifically realize the prediction of front migration in the process of CO2 mixed phase drive enhanced oil recovery.

Systems and apparatus may carry out analysis of battery physical phenomena, and characterize batteries based on phenomena occurring in particular time and / or frequency domains. These systems may be additionally responsible for charging and / or monitoring a rechargeable battery. Examples of battery physical phenomena include mass transport (e.g., diffusion and / or migration) in battery electrolytes, mass transport in battery electrodes, and reactions on battery electrodes.

The present invention describes and exemplifies an electrochemical reactor (1), particularly a redox flow battery, fuel cell, electrolyzer, or electrosynthesis cell, comprising a cell stack (Z) comprising a plurality of cells (2) stacked in a stacking direction (R), each separated from one another by at least one bipolar plate (3), where each cell (2) has two electrodes (5, 6) and a separator (10) disposed between the two electrodes (5, 6), and where at least one bipolar plate (3) is flexible. It is specified that an oscillator (13) for oscillating at least one bipolar plate (3) is incorporated within the bipolar plate (3) to improve mass transport and material distribution with low structural and installation costs and low material stress.

The invention discloses a method for calculating a cavitation numerical value of incoming flow containing non-condensed gas of a liquid rocket engine, and solves the problems that when the cavitation numerical value of the existing non-condensed gas is calculated, the mass, momentum and energy exchange among a gas phase, a liquid phase and a vapor phase needs to be fully considered after the non-condensed gas is introduced, the physical mechanism is very complex, and the calculation cost is high. And the number of solving equations is greatly increased, so that the calculation efficiency and accuracy of related numerical values are low. In the cavitation numerical calculation method, based on a double-fluid model, in order to effectively overcome the problem that the calculation efficiency is greatly reduced due to increase of a calculation equation after a third medium is introduced, a discrete cavity phase consisting of non-condensed gas (gas phase) and steam (vapor phase) is established; a traditional multiphase flow fluid mechanics equation is adopted to describe the interaction relation between a liquid phase and a cavity phase, then a gas phase mass transmission model and a vapor phase mass transmission model are established respectively, and the accuracy of the cavitation value containing the non-condensed gas can be improved.