48 results about "Quenching rate" patented technology

A method and apparatus for controlling the quenching rate of a monocrystalline ingot pulled from a melt by adjusting one or more post growth processing parameter. A temperature model generates a temperature profile that represents the surface temperature along the length of the ingot at the instant it is pulled from the melt. A first temperature at a particular location along the length of the crystal is determined from the temperature profile. A temperature sensor senses a second temperature at the same particular location. A PLC calculates a quenching rate of the crystal as a function of the first temperature and the second temperature. The PLC generates an error between a target quenching rate and a calculated quenching rate, and one or more post growth process parameters are adjusted as function of the error signal to optimize the quenching rate. Alternatively, temperature readings from the sensor are collected and the quenching rates of the crystal are calculated after crystal growth and post growth quenching. One or more post growth process parameters are modified and programmed for subsequent crystal growth and post growth quenching to achieve optimized quenching rate and crystal quality.

The invention relates to a method for regulating and controlling the temperature of a coke oven. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) collecting data of a coke cake which is actually measured in a preset time, and formulating different coke cake center temperature control values according to the collected related data; (2) determining a corresponding combustion chamber vertical flame path standard temperature by combining different coke cake center temperature control values formulated according to the step (1) and the preset production data; (3) measuring and calculating the coke cake center temperature, the coke cake surface temperature and the difference value of the two temperatures of the same coking chamber, and replacing the coke cake center temperature by the coke cake surface temperature; (4) formulating combustion chamber vertical flame path standard temperatures corresponding to coke cake surface temperatures under different dry quenching rates according corresponding relationship among data determined by the step (1), (2) and (3); (5) formulating the coke oven heating system parameter according to the combustion chamber standard temperature determined in the step (4), measuring the coke cake surface temperature, and determining the maturity degree of red coke. According to the method, the coking heat consumption of the coke oven can be reduced, low-cost economical operation of the coke oven can be guaranteed, emission of NOX, CO2, SO2 and other harmful gases in waste gas of the coke oven can be reduced, and pollution of waste gas of the coke oven to the atmosphere can be reduced.

The invention discloses an application of a double-layer electrostatic spun film sensor in detection of nitro-aromatic substances. The sensor comprises a double-layer film structure, wherein the bottom layer is a gelatin electrostatic spun film (GEL) and is taken as a framework layer to be arranged on the surface of a glass sheet; the top layer adopts PS (polystyrene) as a carrier which is blended with a fluorescent sensing polymer P described in the claim 1, an electrostatic spun film PS-P is prepared, and the layer is a sensing layer. The application of the double-layer electrostatic spun film sensor has the advantages as follows: i) the gelatin contains a large quantities of amino groups and hydroxyl groups, nitro-aromatic compounds are enriched through hydrogen bond interaction between the nitro-aromatic compounds and the gelatin, so that the nitro-aromatic compounds are gathered on the PS-P sensing layer, and the quenching rate is increased; ii) as a porous framework below the PS-P layer, the GEL layer allows upper and lower simultaneous diffusion of nitro-aromatic molecules on the PS-P layer, and the permeability of the PS-P layer is improved greatly.

The invention relates to a power switch which comprises, encapsulated together with an insulating gas, at least one substantially radially symmetrical extinction chamber (1) filled with the insulating gas which extends along a longitudinal axis (2) and contains at least two power contacts (5, 6) and an arc quenching chamber (4) associated therewith. The arc quenching chamber (4) is functionally linked with at least one exhaust having an exhaust volume (12), which is adapted to cool the hot gases produced when the switch is switched off. The exhaust is linked with an arc quenching chamber volume (22). The aim of the invention is to substantially improve the arc quenching rate of power switches and to provide an exhaust which is comparatively simple and expensive in design. For this purpose, at least one forced recirculation area (29) increasing the flow resistance of the hot gases is provided in the area of the exhaust.

A series of organometallic complexes and the singlet oxygen sensitization properties of these complexes are provided. Complexes with acetylacetonate ligands give singlet oxygen quantum yields near unity, whether exciting the ligand-based state or the lowest energy excited state (MLCT+3LC). The singlet oxygen quenching rates for these β-diketonate complexes are small, roughly three orders of magnitude slower than the corresponding phosphorescence quenching rate. Similar complexes were prepared with glycine or pyridine tethered to the Ir(III) center (i.e. (bsn)2Ir(gly) and (bt)2Ir(py)Cl, where gly=glycine, and py=pyridine). The glycine and pyridine derivatives give high singlet oxygen yields.

The invention discloses an environment-friendly type water-based quenching liquid composition as well as a preparation method thereof and a using method thereof. The environment-friendly type water-based quenching liquid composition consists of the following raw materials: water-soluble low-molecular polyether compositions, an anti-rust agent, a bactericide, a pH stabilizer, a complexing agent, ade-foaming agent and water. According to the environment-friendly type water-based quenching liquid composition disclosed by the invention, two water-soluble low-molecular polyether compositions are taken as the principal things, and components such as boron, secondary amine, heavy metal, inorganic salt, diethanol amine and triethanolamine, which are harmful on a human body and the environment areavoided, so that the environment-friendly type water-based quenching liquid composition is safe and environmentally friendly. Using concentration is controlled, so that the environment-friendly typewater-based quenching liquid composition has correct cooling parameters and a correct quenching rate, and meets quenching process requirements of a steel ball; and moreover, the composition has excellent anti-rust ability for multiple metals (steel, copper, zinc and aluminum), and excellent antibacterial ability, and guarantees the performance and the service life of a quenching solution. The quenching solution does not affect surface quality and precision (especially higher than level G10) of a steel ball, is convenient for cleaning and water treatment, saves cost, and meets thermal treatmentrequirements and anti-rust requirements of the steel ball made of steel based materials such as carbon steel and stainless steel.

A method and apparatus for controlling the quenching rate of a monocrystalline ingot pulled from a melt by adjusting one or more post growth processing parameter. A temperature model generates a temperature profile that represents the surface temperature along the length of the ingot at the instant it is pulled from the melt. A first temperature at a particular location along the length of the crystal is determined from the temperature profile. A temperature sensor senses a second temperature at the same particular location. A PLC calculates a quenching rate of the crystal as a function of the first temperature and the second temperature. The PLC generates an error between a target quenching rate and a calculated quenching rate, and one or more post growth process parameters are adjusted as function of the error signal to optimize the quenching rate. Alternatively, temperature readings from the sensor are collected and the quenching rates of the crystal are calculated after crystal growth and post growth quenching. One or more post growth process parameters are modified and programmed for subsequent crystal growth and post growth quenching to achieve optimized quenching rate and crystal quality.

The present invention provides a method for the fabrication of a martensitic steel sheet with a yield stress greater than 1300 MPa. The method includes the steps of obtaining a semi-finished steel product, the composition of which includes, whereby the contents are expressed in percent by weight: 0.15%≤C≤0.40%, 1.5%≤Mn≤3%, 0.005%≤Si≤2%, 0.005%≤Al≤0.1%, S≤0.05%, P≤0.1%, 0.025%≤Nb≤0.1%, and optionally: 0.01%≤Ti≤0.1%, 0%≤Cr≤4%, 0%≤Mo≤2%, 0.0005%≤B≤0.005%, 0.0005%≤Ca≤0.005%. The remainder of the composition is iron and the inevitable impurities resulting from processing. The semi-finished product is reheated to a temperature T1 in the range between 1050° C. and 1250° C., then the reheated semi-finished product is subjected to a roughing rolling at a temperature T2 in the range between 1050 and 1150° C., with a cumulative rate of reduction ϵa greater than 100%, to obtain a sheet with a not totally recrystallized austenitic structure with an average grain size less than 40 micrometers and preferably less than 5 micrometers. The sheet is then cooled to prevent a transformation of the austenite at a rate VR1 greater than 2° C. / s to a temperature T3 in the range between 970° C. and Ar3+30° C., is then subjected to a finishing hot rolling at the temperature T3 of the cooled sheet, with a cumulative rate off reduction ϵb greater than 50% to obtain a sheet, then the sheet is cooled at a rate VR2 which is greater than the critical martensitic quenching rate. Steel sheets are also provided.

The invention provides a heat stamping apparatus used for quenching control, which belongs to the technical field of heat stamping. A purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems that in a heat stamping technology, in the quenching process of a high-temperature forming part, uniform distribution of surface temperature of the forming part can not be guaranteed on the condition that quenching uniformity is guaranteed, and the invention provides the heat stamping apparatus used for heat stamping quenching control. The heat stamping apparatus enables real time monitoring on the temperature value of selected measurement points during a high-temperature plate shaping process, the quenching rate and temperature difference between the selected measurement points can be obtained through data processing; when the quenching rate can not satisfy the condition or the temperature difference is large, a control system is capable of adjusting contact pressure and cooling water flow velocity of the forming parts and mold surface with pertinence according to the trigger condition, then the quenching rate of the high-temperature forming parts can satisfy the requirement, and the temperature of the forming parts can be equalized, so that the intensity quality requirement and the forming precision requirement of the final forming parts can be ensured.

An added element other than zinc is yielded at the grain boundaries of zinc forming a negative electrode zinc can. The added element includes at least one element selected from the group of Pb, Bi, Ca, Mg, Si, Al, and In. The zinc can is formed in such a manner that: melted zinc containing the added element is quenched at a quenching rate of 75 to 100° C. / second for casting into a zinc plate; and the thus cast plate is subjected to impact molding at a temperature in the range between 20 and 30° C.

The invention provides a fluorescent probe, a preparation method thereof and an application in the detection of iron ions, belonging to the technical field of fluorescent sensing. In the fluorescent probe provided by the invention, a rigid main chain M provides an active site for the complexation of iron ions, the periphery of the main chain is connected with R1 group, the solubility of the fluorescent probe is improved, the fluorescent probe is easily dissolved in a solvent to form a homogeneous solution, and the detection of iron ions is realized; moreover, the conjugation degree of the fluorescent probe can be further improved by the presence of R3 and R2 groups, and the fluorescence efficiency of the fluorescent probe can be further improved. The fluorescent probe provided by the invention has a good linear relationship in the range of 1-10Mum when detecting iron ions, the fluorescence quenching rate of the fluorescent probe for iron ion solution is as high as 84%, and the detection limit is as low as 33nM, which indicates that the fluorescent probe provided by the invention has high sensitivity, good selectivity and low detection limit for iron ions.