The invention relates to a supported low-
platinum core-shell catalyst and a preparation method thereof. According to the method, a low-
platinum core-shell catalyst with transition metals as a core andplatinum as a shell is formed through chemical replacement by taking a
porous carbon skeleton supported by
metal nanoparticles obtained by
pyrolysis of a
metal organic skeleton doped with transitionmetals (Co, Fe, Zn) as a carrier, and the composition and size of the core-shell structure can be achieved by changing the proportions of metals in the multi-
metal organic framework. Compared with theprior art, the method has the following advantages: the
zinc element in the prepared organic metal skeleton can be used as a barrier to prevent the formed
transition metal nanoparticles from agglomerating in the
pyrolysis process, and the
zinc element will evaporate with the
atmosphere after the temperature exceeds 900 DEG C and will not remain in the catalyst; the supported
platinum is supportedon the surface of the transition metals in the form of shell in the core-shell structure, and the platinum has
low load and high
utilization rate; the
transition metal core in the core-shell structure can change the electronic performance of the platinum surface and thus can adjust the catalytic performance; a
porous carbon carrier with high specific surface is formed through
pyrolysis of the organic metal skeleton, which is conducive to the uniform distribution of active sites and the
mass transfer in the reaction process.