The invention provides an electric power overhaul climbing structure surface protection method, and belongs to the technical field of electric power overhaul auxiliary appliances. The electric power overhaul climbing structure surface protection method comprises the steps of S1, preparing a priming solution, specifically, adding acrylic resin, a coupling agent, a leveling agent and water into a stirrer for stirring, and then filtering and standing; S2, coating the priming solution, specifically, removing impurities on the surface of a base material, coating the base material with the priming solution, and airing until the priming solution is semi-dry, that is, the surface of the priming solution does not flow; and S3, coating protective paint, specifically, coating the protective paint on the base material coated with the priming solution, and airing. The priming solution disclosed by the invention is high in adhesive force, the protective paint is excellent in comprehensive performance and high in adhesive force, a paint film is intact through a cross-cut method test, the water absorption rate is 1.23-1.27%, and excellent waterproof performance is shown; acid and alkali corrosion resistance is achieved, and after the paint is soaked in an acid-base solution, the surface of a paint film is free of wrinkling, bubbles and peeling phenomena; and an aging performance test shows that the gloss loss rate is 15.5-14.8%, the cracking grade is 2, aging resistance is achieved, the performance is stable, and the service life is long.